23 research outputs found

    1920-30๋…„๋Œ€ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™(้ฎฎ็ฑณๆ“่ญท้‹ๅ‹•) ์„ธ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ •์น˜์™ธ๊ตํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 2. ์•ˆ๋„๊ฒฝ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ œ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๊ทœ๋ช…์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ 1920-30๋…„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™(้ฎฎ็ฑณๆ“่ญท้‹ๅ‹•)์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์กฐ์„  ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 8ํ•  ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†์—…์ธ๊ตฌ์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์ œ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๊ทœ๋ช…์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋†์—…์ •์ฑ… ๋ถ„์„์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๊ฒฐํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋†์—…์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ตœ์ข…๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ณธ ๋ณธํ† ๋กœ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ €๊ฐ€์˜ ์Œ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์„ ๋ฏธ(้ฎฎ็ฑณ)์˜ ์ด์ถœ(็งปๅ‡บ)์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•จ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ˜•์ด์ƒํ•™์ ์ธ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ โ€ง์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ผ์ œ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ํญ์„ ๋„“ํ˜€์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ ์‹ค์ฒด์— ํ•œ ๋ฐœ ๋” ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ์ง๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ๊ทน ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‹จ์ฒด 7๊ฐœ์— ์†ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ์ธ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žฌ์กฐ์ผ๋ณธ์ธ(ๅœจๆœๆ—ฅๆœฌไบบ)์ธ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์•ฝ 20% ์ •๋„์˜ ์กฐ์„ ์ธ๋งˆ์ €๋„ ์ผ๋ณธ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ถ€์—ญ์ž๋“ค๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฏธ๊ณก๊ด€๋ จ ์ด์Šˆ์ธ ๋งŒํผ ์ง€์ฃผ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ฏธ์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ƒ์ธ, ๊ด€๋ฃŒ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐœํ™”๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์ ‘์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž์ธ ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์กฐ์„  ์–ธ๋ก  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์„์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์€ ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ ํ˜น์€ ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ์ž…์ œํ•œ์˜ ๊ณผ์ • ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด์ƒ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์— ์ž์†Œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ฌดํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์›”๋ณ„์ด์ถœ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ณก์ฐฝ๊ณ ์˜ ์‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ดด๋ฆฌ๋œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ง€์ฃผ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ณก์ƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค(๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์žฌ์กฐ์ผ๋ณธ์ธ๋“ค)์˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์—๋งŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ œ๊ตญ์ฃผ์˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง‰์•„๋ƒˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ •์น˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋™์›ํ•˜์—ฌ์„œ๋ผ๋„ ๋ณธ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ 1 2. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 2 3. ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋ถ„์„ 4 4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 6 โ…ก. ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ๊ณผ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™ 9 1. ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 9 2. ์„ ๋ฏธ์ด์ถœ์ž…์ œํ•œ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™ 12 3. ์žฌ์กฐ์ผ๋ณธ์ธ์„ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ณธ ๋ณธ๊ตญ 17 1) ์ผ๋ณธ ๋ณธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์žฌ์กฐ์ผ๋ณธ์ธ์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 17 2) ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ 20 โ…ข. ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹จ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์š” ์ธ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์„ 24 1. ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” 24 2. ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์„ฑํšŒ 25 3. ์กฐ์„ ๋†ํšŒ 26 4. ์กฐ์„ ๊ณก๋ฌผ์ƒ์กฐํ•ฉ์—ฐํ•ฉํšŒ 27 5. ์ƒ์—…์ฐฝ๊ณ , ์กฐ์„ ๋ฏธ๊ณก์ฐฝ๊ณ ์ฃผ์‹ํšŒ์‚ฌ 28 6. ์กฐ์„ ์ƒ๊ณตํšŒ์˜์†Œ 30 7. ์กฐ์„ ์ทจ์ธ์†Œ์—ฐํ•ฉํšŒ 31 8. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 32 โ…ฃ. ์กฐ์„ ๋†๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์„ ๋ฏธ์˜นํ˜ธ์šด๋™ 37 1. ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” 37 2. ์ •์ฑ… ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ 39 3. ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ 44 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  50 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 52 ๋ถ€๋ก 56 Abstract 101Maste

    The Voluntary Sustainability Standard for Golf Course Development and Management

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ์กฐ๊ฒฝํ•™์ „๊ณต, 2015. 8. ์•ˆ๋™๋งŒ.์ž๋ฐœ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝํ˜‘์•ฝ์ด๋ž€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ์™€ ๊ทœ์ œ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด ์™”๋˜ ๋ช…๋ น๊ณผ ํ†ต์ œ(Command and Control)์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํƒˆํ”ผํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ดํ–‰๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๋„๋ก ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(Volunatry Sustainability Standard)์€ Eco'๋‚˜ Sustainability'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ƒํƒœ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด Water and Sports ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์˜๊ตญ์— ๋ณธ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‘” Golf Environment Organization(GEO)๋Š” ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ GEO OnCourse ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ GEO Legacy ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด GEO Certifiedยฎ ์ธ์ฆ๋งˆํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ญ์‹œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ํ–ฅํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋…น์ƒ‰๊ฒฝ์˜๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์„ ์ • ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ธ์ •๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋ฐœ์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹œํ–‰์˜ˆ๊ณ ์— ๊ทธ์นœ ์ƒํƒœ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ •์ฑ…๋‹น๊ตญ์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์€ ๊ทœ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ํ›ผ์†๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ง€์ ๊ณผ ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋“ค์˜€๋˜ ๊ณจํ”„์‚ฐ์—… ์ดํ•ด ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ •์ฑ…๋‹น๊ตญ์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•œ ๋…น์ƒ‰๊ฒฝ์˜๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์„ ์ •์€ ๊ทœ์ œ๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์œ„์žฅํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์˜๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์›Œ์‹ฑ Greenwashing๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์• ๋งคํ•œ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ์ œ์œ„์ฃผ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ค€์ˆ˜์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์›์ธ์ž์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๋“ฏ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์˜์‹์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋น„์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๊ณจํผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ๊ณ ์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฒœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์šด์˜๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ •์ฑ…์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ข…๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ธ์ฆ ์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์ค‘๋ณต๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ฆ์„ ์ทจ๋“ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์šด์˜๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์šด์˜๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…„์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ด€๋ จ๋ฌธํ—Œ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 6๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ถ€๋ฌธ, 15๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, 18๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ์ƒํƒœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€, ์ˆ˜์ž์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ž์›, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 15๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” ์ƒํƒœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ถ€๋ฌธ์— ์ƒํƒœ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜, ์ˆ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณด์ „ ๋ฐ ์ ์ •์„ฑ, ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋ณด์ „ ๋ฐ ์ฆ๋Œ€, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋…น์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐฉ์ง€์— 2๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ์ˆ˜์ž์›๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— 2๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— 2๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ž์› 3๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ์— 2๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒํƒœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ถ„์•ผ์— 7๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ„์•ผ 11๊ฐœ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ „ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋‚˜ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ทœ์ œ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ 18๊ฐœ ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€์นจ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ AHP ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ณ„ ๋ฐฐ์ ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ 2๊ฐœ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์— ๋ณธ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ์ธต ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋„์ž…์ด ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GEO Oncourse ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ดˆ ์ธ์ฆ ์ทจ๋“ํ›„ 3๋…„ ํ›„ ์žฌ์ธ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋‘ ๊ณณ์˜ ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์ธ์ฆ ์ „ํ›„ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ–ฅํ›„ 500๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ •์ฑ…๋‹น๊ตญ์€ ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์ด ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ธ๋ ฅ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋ณธ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ทœ์ œ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ๊ฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ์š”์ธ์„ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ƒ์กด๋ ฅ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ ISEAL ์—ฐํ•ฉ ํ‘œ์ค€์ œ์ • ์ฝ”๋“œ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œ์ •๋œ GEO ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•œ ๋ณธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.Voluntary environmental agreements is environmental policy tools to encourage sustainable approach for polluters to decide specific implementation plans and environmental goals voluntarily within the standards set by the scheme. So they are totally different approach from the past command and control approach based on environmental regulations. The use of eco or sustainability in the name differentiates voluntary sustaninability standards from other similar non-gonvernmental initiatives that are not focused on addressing sustainability concerns. Many industry sectors have experienced with voluntary sustainability standard and they have become important tools in demand and supply of some products. New voluntary standard systems have begun to emerge in water and sports sectors. Golf Environment Organization(GEO) is one of them which is dedicated to helping the industry come together around sustainability, building a reputation where golf equals sustainability. GEO provides three programs and also administers golfs sustainability assurance, GEO Certifiedยฎ - the symbol of great golf environments worldwide, available for Club and Course Operations, for Developments, and for Renovations. There is an environmental impact assessment regulation to control and command golf course development and management. In addition, Korea environmental policy authorities implemented a green golf course award to encourage voluntary sustainable efforts of golf courses and announced a certification program for sustainable golf courses but both programs have been suspended. However, environmental groups pointed out that these two programs could violate the identity of environmental policy authorities and golf industry stakeholders opposed the regulation. Furthermore, the usage of environmental friendly term and the green golf course award could provide greenwashing. Korea Golf industries are familiar with the regulatory policy to comply with the minimum legal standards and did not recognize to pursue sustainability voluntarily as pollutant. As such the golf industry did not take part in voluntary basis with a sense of responsibility to the community so it has not coexisted in harmony with local communities. Therefore, a voluntary suatainability standard system needs to be developed to induce golf course development and management to be sustainable and to mitigate the negative view of the golf course from the perspective of non-golfers. The golf industry can take advantage of this voluntary sustainability system enhance awareness of sustainabilty and apply it to practive. The purpose of this study is to develop a voluntary sustainability standard system for golf course development and management which can provide a platform for stakeholders to voluntarily participate and apply environmental, social, and economical sustainability initiatives. The results of the study are as follows: First, voluntary sustainability standard system presented in this study was developed for application in both golf course development and management. Second, literature analysis and expert forums were executed to pursue sustainability to identify assessement items for golf course development and management. Through the above studies, six assessment divisions, fifteen assessment items, and eighteen assessment indicators were finally selected. The six assessment divisions are: ecological environment and landscape, environmental pollution, water management, energy management, materials and resources, environmental management and community contributions. The fifteen assessment items are: ecological value of ecological environment and landscape, water resources conservation, biodiversity conservation and enhancement, sustainable planting, pollution prevention assessment on two items, two on water resource conservation and management, two on energy management assessment items, three items on materials and resources, and two evaluation items on environment management and community contribution. There are seven indicators on ecological environment and landscape items and eleven assessment indicators on five items. Third, guidelines for the 18 assessment indicators were set up based on Korea environmental regulations and prior environmental review lawsfor golf course. Finally, the voluntary sustainability standard system developed in this study was applied to two golf courses certified by local and international standard golf sustainability system in order to verify the effectiveness of voluntary sustainability standard system for golf course development and management. In conclusion, the voluntary sustainability standard systems for golf course development and management presented in this study can help achieve the following: First, in the future more than 500 golf courses environmental policy makers can supervise golf course development and management and save costs and time by utilizing the results of the report applied in the voluntary sustainability standards systemssecond, the golf course industry can be practice voluntary sustainability standards over environmental regulations by introducing the voluntary sustainability standard systems for golf course development and management and it will be able to contribute the economic viability of the golf course for identifying sustainability factors of each sector of golf course facilitiesthird, it can be recognized as international sustainability level when the voluntary sustainability standard systems will be applied because the system was developed in this study referenced the GEO international sustainability standards established in accordance with the system of standard system ISEAL Alliance Code standards for voluntary sustainability standards systems.๋ชฉ ์ฐจ โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  5 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 6 ๊ฐ€. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 6 ๋‚˜. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 7 โ…ก. ๊ด€๋ จ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 11 1. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 11 ๊ฐ€. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋… 11 ๋‚˜. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์œ ํ˜• 14 ๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ง„ํ™” 15 ๋ผ. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ 17 2. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ •๋ฆฝ 20 3. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 24 ๊ฐ€. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ํ–ฅ 24 ๋‚˜. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 25 4. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 28 ๊ฐ€. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 28 ๋‚˜. ๊ตญ์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 29 ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 33 โ…ข. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 38 1. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ค์ • 38 2. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ์ • 39 3. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์ถ• 40 ๊ฐ€. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ์„ ์ • 40 ๋‚˜. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ 42 ๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๋„์ถœ 42 4. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 43 ๊ฐ€. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 43 ๋‚˜. ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‚ฐ์ •์‹ 53 5. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ณ„ ์ง€์นจ 54 ๊ฐ€. ์ƒํƒœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ 54 ๋‚˜. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ 62 ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ž์›๊ด€๋ฆฌ 65 ๋ผ. ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ 67 ๋งˆ. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ž์› 68 ๋ฐ”. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ 71 ์‚ฌ. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ํšจ๊ณผ 74 โ…ฃ. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  75 1. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ๊ฐœํ™ฉ 75 ๊ฐ€. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์„ ์ • 75 ๋‚˜. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ถ”์ง„ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 76 2. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 83 ๊ฐ€. ์ €๋ฅ˜์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ 83 ๋‚˜. ์œ ํ•ด๋ฌผ์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ 84 ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ž์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ 85 ๋ผ. ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ 87 ๋งˆ. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ž์› 89 ๋ฐ”. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ 93 ์‚ฌ. ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 94 ์•„. ์‹ฌ์ธต ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ 95 3. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  100 ๊ฐ€. St Andrews Links Trust 100 ๋‚˜. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club 105 4. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‹œํ–‰๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 107 ๊ฐ€. ์‹œํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€ 107 ๋‚˜. ์‹œํ–‰์ ˆ์ฐจ 108 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  110 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์˜์˜ 110 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ณผ์ œ 112 ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธํ—Œ 114 ๋ถ€๋ก 123 ๋ถ€๋ก 1. 1์ฐจ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ 123 ๋ถ€๋ก 2. 2์ฐจ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ 127 ๋ถ€๋ก 3. 3์ฐจ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ 131 ๋ถ€๋ก 4. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์ค‘์š”๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ 137 ๋ถ€๋ก 5. ์‹ฌ์ธต ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€ 145 ๋ถ€๋ก 6. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์‚ฐ์—… ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฒ•๊ทœ 146 ๋ถ€๋ก 7. ์šฉ์–ด์ •๋ฆฌ 175 ํ‘œ ์ฐจ ๋ก€ ํ‘œ โ… -1. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ 5 ํ‘œ โ… -2. 9๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ฒ™๋„์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 9 ํ‘œ โ… -3. AHP ์„ค๋ฌธ ์ฒ™๋„ 9 ํ‘œ โ…ก-1. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 12 ํ‘œ โ…ก-2. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์œ ํ˜• 15 ํ‘œ โ…ก-3. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ง„ํ™” 16 ํ‘œ โ…ก-4. ์ฃผ์š” ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ด์Šˆ 18 ํ‘œ โ…ก-5. ISEAL ํ‘œ์ค€์ค€์ˆ˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์›์น™ 19 ํ‘œ โ…ก-6. ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ•ด์„ 21 ํ‘œ โ…ก-7. ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ/์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ •์˜ 22 ํ‘œ โ…ก-8. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 27 ํ‘œ โ…ก-9. GEO ์ธ์ฆ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 32 ํ‘œ โ…ก-10. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ง„ํ–‰์ ˆ์ฐจ 34 ํ‘œ โ…ก-11. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์š”์•ฝ 37 ํ‘œ โ…ข-1. ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์š”์ธ 39 ํ‘œ โ…ข-2. ๋ฌธํ—Œ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œํ›„๋ณด ์ •๋ฆฌ 41 ํ‘œ โ…ข-3. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋Ÿผ ์ฐธ์„์ž ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 42 ํ‘œ โ…ข-4. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ์„ ์ •๊ณผ์ • 44 ํ‘œ โ…ข-5. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ(์ตœ์ข…) 45 ํ‘œ โ…ข-6. AHP ์„ค๋ฌธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 49 ํ‘œ โ…ข-7. AHP ๋ถ„์„์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ ๋ถ€์ˆ˜ 49 ํ‘œ โ…ข-8. ์ „์ฒด ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต ํ–‰๋ ฌ 50 ํ‘œ โ…ข-9. ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ์‚ฐ์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 51 ํ‘œ โ…ข-10. ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ํ›ผ์†์ง€ ๋ฉด์  ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 55 ํ‘œ โ…ข-11. ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ํ›ผ์†์ง€ ๋ณต์› ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 55 ํ‘œ โ…ข-12. ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ถ€์ง€ ์ƒํƒœ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 56 ํ‘œ โ…ข-13. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ๋ถ€์ง€ ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ถ€์ง€์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธยท๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 57 ํ‘œ โ…ข-14. ํ•˜์ฒœ ์ˆ˜๊ณ„ ๋ณด์ „ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 58 ํ‘œ โ…ข-15. ์Šต์ง€ ๋ณด์กด ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ํ‘œ 59 ํ‘œ โ…ข-16. ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„œ์‹์ง€ ๋ณด์ „ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๊ธฐ์ค€ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 60 ํ‘œ โ…ข-17. ์‚ฐ๋ฆผ ์›ํ˜•๋…น์ง€ ๋ณด์กด ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 61 ํ‘œ โ…ข-18. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์›ํ˜•๋…น์ง€์œจ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 61 ํ‘œ โ…ข-19. ํ–ฅํ† ์ˆ˜์ข… ๋„์ž… ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 62 ํ‘œ โ…ข-20. ์žฌ์ˆœํ™˜์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œ์„ค ์„ค์น˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 63 ํ‘œ โ…ข-21. ์ˆ˜์ƒ์‹๋ฌผ ๋„์ž… 63 ํ‘œ โ…ข-22. ์œ ํ•ด๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์šฉ 64 ํ‘œ โ…ข-23. ์œ ํ•ด๋ฌผ์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 64 ํ‘œ โ…ข-24. ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๊ธฐ์ค€ 65 ํ‘œ โ…ข-25. ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์› ๋ฐ ์ด์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ 66 ํ‘œ โ…ข-26. ๊ด€๊ฐœ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ์žฌ์ด์šฉ์ˆ˜ ๋น„์œจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ํ‘œ 67 ํ‘œ โ…ข-27. ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 67 ํ‘œ โ…ข-28. ์‹ ยท์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ด์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ํ‘œ 68 ํ‘œ โ…ข-29. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋‚ด์šฉ 69 ํ‘œ โ…ข-30. ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 70 ํ‘œ โ…ข-31. ๋†์•ฝยท๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ตœ์ ํ™” 70 ํ‘œ โ…ข-32. ์ตœ๊ทผ 3๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋†์•ฝยท๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ 71 ํ‘œ โ…ข-33. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 73 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-1. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์š” 76 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-2. ๋ฒ ์–ดํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ๋…น์ง€ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 78 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-3. ํ•ด์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ๋…น์ง€ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 80 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-4. ์žฌ์ˆœํ™˜์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์„ค์น˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ 83 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-5. ์ˆ˜์ƒ์‹๋ฌผ ๋„์ž… 84 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-6. ์œ ํ•ด๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์šฉ 84 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-7. ์œ ํ•ด๋ฌผ์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 85 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-8. ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๊ธฐ์ค€ 86 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-9. ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์› ๋ฐ ์ด์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ 86 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-10. ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 87 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-11. ์‹ ยท์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ด์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 88 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-12. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋‚ด์šฉ 89 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-13. ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 90 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-14. ๋†์•ฝยท๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ตœ์ ํ™” 91 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-15. ์ตœ๊ทผ 2๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋†์•ฝยท๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ด 92 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-16. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜์‹ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 93 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-17. ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ™œ๋™ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 94 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-18. ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ(์šด์˜๋‹จ๊ณ„) ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์•ฝ 95 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-19. ์‹ฌ์ธต ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ(In-depth interview) ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž ๊ฐœ์š” 96 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-20. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„ 96 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-21. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์— ๊ณ„ํš์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฒœ ์ •๋„ 97 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-22. St Andrews Links Trust ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 100 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-23. St Andrews Links Trust ๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 101 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-24. St Andrews Links Trust ๋†์•ฝ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 102 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-25. St Andrews Links Trust ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 103 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-26. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 105 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-27. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club ๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 106 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-28. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club ๋†์•ฝ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 106 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-29. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 107 ํ‘œ โ…ฃ-30. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ธ์ฆ์ ˆ์ฐจ 109 ๊ทธ ๋ฆผ ์ฐจ ๋ก€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ… -1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ๋ฆ„๋„ 10 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-1. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ํ˜œํƒ 13 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-2. ์—์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฒจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ณก์„  13 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-3. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ 17 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-4. ์ธ์ฆ์ ˆ์ฐจ Assurance Process 19 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-5. ๋…น์ƒ‰๊ฒฝ์˜๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์„ ์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ 28 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-6. GEO Partners, Sponsors 30 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-7. GEO ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ„๋„Œ์Šค ๊ตฌ์กฐ 31 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-8. GEO OnCourseโ„ข ์ธ์ฆ๊ณผ์ • 32 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ก-9. GEO OnCourseโ„ข ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ 33 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-1. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ๋ฆ„๋„ 39 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-2. ํ•ด์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์ „๊ฒฝ 43 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-3. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ(์ดˆ์•ˆ) 43 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-4. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ(์ตœ์ข…) 50 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-5. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ƒ์œ„๊ธฐ์ค€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 54 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ข-6. ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ๋น„๊ต 55 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-1. ๋ฒ ์–ดํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ๊ณจํ”„ํด๋Ÿฝ ์œ„์น˜๋„ 77 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-2. ๋ฒ ์–ดํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ๊ณจํ”„ํด๋Ÿฝ ์œ„์„ฑ์‚ฌ์ง„ 77 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-3. ๋ฒ ์–ดํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ๊ณจํ”„ํด๋Ÿฝ ํ† ์ง€์ด์šฉ๊ณ„ํš๋„ 78 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-4. ํ•ด์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์œ„์น˜๋„ 79 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-5. ํ•ด์Šค๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์œ„์„ฑ์‚ฌ์ง„ 79 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-6. ํ•ด์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ํ† ์ง€์ด์šฉ๊ณ„ํš๋„ 80 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-7. St Andrews The Old Course Swilcan Bridge 81 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-8. St Andrews Links Trust ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๋„ 81 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-9. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club 82 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-10. ๋ฒ ์–ดํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ˜„ํ™ฉ 88 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-11. ๊ฐ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ ๋†์•ฝ/๋น„๋ฃŒ/๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ/๊ตฌ๋งค๋‚ด์—ญ 91 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-12. ํ† ์ฐฉ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ฝ”์Šค ์„ ์ˆœํ™˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€(๋ฒ ์–ด ํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ) 92 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-13. ํ•ด์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์ธ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ GEO ํ˜‘์˜์ฒด 98 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-14. St Andrews Links Trust ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 101 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-15. St Andrews Links Trust ๋น„๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 102 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-16. St Andrews Links Trust ๋†์•ฝ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 103 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-17. St Andrews Links Trust ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 104 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-18. Machrihanish Dunes Golf Club ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰(2011-2013) 105 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ โ…ฃ-19. ๋ฒ ์–ด ํฌ๋ฆฌํฌ ์ฝ”์Šค ์ „๊ฒฝ 108Docto

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    Resource Allocation Algorithms for Downlink Capacity Enhancement in IEEE 802.16 Systems

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    DoctorIEEE 802.16, often referred to as WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), is a technology for providing high transmission rates over a wide range in broadband wireless access (BWA) networks. As a unified BWA solution, the IEEE 802.16 working group developed the IEEE 802.16 standard. In the IEEE 802.16 standard, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is the most promising multiple access scheme, as it is free from inter-symbol interference and frequency-selective fading.IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems have two types of subchannels: diversity subchannels (called normal channels in the IEEE 802.16 standard) and bandAMC subchannels. IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems support the diversity zone (using diversity subchannels) and the bandAMC zone (using bandAMC subchannels). In IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems, a subframe consists of the diversity zone only or both the diversity zone and bandAMC zone. We consider the IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems that use only the diversity zone and we call them normal 802.16 systems. In addition, we consider the 802.16 OFDMA systems that use both the diversity zone and bandAMC zone, and we call them the coexistent 802.16 systems. For multiuser environments, system capacity is an important criterion used to evaluate the feasibility of system deployment in IEEE 802.16 OFDMA. To increase system capacity, IEEE 802.16 systems require resource allocation algorithms that utilize limited downlink resources efficiently.In this dissertation, we propose resource allocation algorithms to address capacity enhancement in IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems (both normal and coexistent 802.16 systems). First, for the normal 802.16 system, we propose a heuristic burst construction algorithm, called HuB. The IEEE 802.16 standard specifies that a resource allocation should be performed with a rectangle region of slots, called a burst. To improve the downlink capacity in IEEE 802.16 OFDMA systems, HuB reduces resource wastage by considering padded slots and unused slots and reduces resource usage by considering the power boosting possibility during burst constructions. In addition, for simple burst constructions, HuB makes a HuB-tree in which a node represents an available downlink resource and the edges of a node represent a burst rectangle region. Thus, making child nodes of a parent node is the same as constructing a burst in a given downlink resource. Second, we propose resource allocation algorithms for the coexistent 802.16 system. Specifically, since there is no specified split ratio between the diversity zone and the bandAMC zone in the coexistent 802.16 system, reducing the size of one zone leaves more resources available to the other zone, and thus, it increases system capacity by providing services to more users. In the coexistent 802.16 system, we focus on reducing the size of the bandAMC zone and the proposed algorithms are designed for the bandAMC subchannels. The proposed algorithms try to reduce the size of the bandAMC zone by utilizing the multiuser diversity effect and reducing resource wastage.We analyzed the proposed algorithms and performed simulations to compare the performance of the proposed algorithms with existing algorithms. Compared to existing algorithms, the proposed algorithms show improved downlink capacity in both normal and coexistent 802.16 systems.IEEE 802.16 ๋˜๋Š” ์™€์ด๋งฅ์Šค๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๊ด‘๋Œ€์—ญ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ๋Œ€์—ญํญ๊ณผ ๋„“์€ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ด‘๋Œ€์—ญ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด IEEE 802.16 ์›Œํ‚น ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ๋Š” IEEE 802.16 ํ‘œ์ค€์„ ์ œ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. IEEE 802.16 ํ‘œ์ค€์—์„œ๋Š” OFDMA ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ฌ๋ณผ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ„์„ญ ์™„ํ™” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฑ„๋„์ธ diversity ์ฑ„๋„๊ณผ bandAMC ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, Diversity ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์„ diversity ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ bandAMC ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์„ bandAMC ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฑ„๋„ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” diversity ์˜์—ญ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ normal 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , diversity ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ bandAMC ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์„œ๋ธŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ coexistent 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œํ•œ๋œ ์ž์›์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์› ํ• ๋‹น ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ (normal 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ coexistent 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ)์—์„œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž์›ํ• ๋‹น ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„ , normal 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ธ HuB๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 802.16 ํ‘œ์ค€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž์› ํ• ๋‹น์„ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ์Šฌ๋กฏ์„ ํ• ๋‹นํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. HuB๋Š” ๋ฒ„์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ์Šฌ๋กฏ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์Šฌ๋กฏ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์„œ ์ž์› ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ํŒŒ์›Œ ๋ถ€์ŠคํŒ… ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์„œ ์ž์›์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. HuB ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ๋งํฌ ์ž์›์–‘์„ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋กœ, ๋ฒ„์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ž์›ํ• ๋‹น ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ HuB ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ™” ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, coexistent 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” bandAMC ์˜์—ญ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. Coexistent 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” diversity ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ bandAMC ์˜์—ญ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€์ •๋œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ํ•œ ์ชฝ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ์ชฝ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, bandAMC ์˜์—ญ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” bandAMC ์ฑ„๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์›ํ• ๋‹น ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ 802.16 ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ์˜ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ๋งํฌ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ธก์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค

    FLEXIBLE THERMOELECTRIC MODULE AND MANUFACTURING METHODS THEREOF

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    ์œ ์—ฐ ์—ด์ „ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ๊ฐœ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์œ ์—ฐ ์—ฐ์ ˆ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€, ํ—ˆ๋‹ˆ์ฝค(honeycomb) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์›ํ˜• ํ™€์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ ํด๋ฆฌ๋จธ ์ธต; Nํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๋ฐ Pํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ Nํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ Pํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ต๋ฒˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋„๋ก ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์›ํ˜• ํ™€์— ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ด์ „ ์†Œ์ž; ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ด์ „ ์†Œ์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ฐ„ ์ „๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ „๊ทน;์„ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
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