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    The Effects of Trimethaphan on Responses of the Cardiovascular System During Endotracheal Intubation

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    μ˜ν•™κ³Ό/석사[영문] [ν•œκΈ€] μ „μ‹ λ§ˆμ·¨ ν•˜μ—μ„œ 직접 ν›„λ‘κ²½μ‚½μž…κ³Ό κΈ°κ΄€λ‚΄ 삽관은 μ •μƒν™˜μžμ—μ„œ μ‹¬ν˜ˆκ΄€κ³„μ— μžκ·Ήμ„ κ°€ ν•˜μ—¬μ„œ 동λ§₯ν˜ˆμ••κ³Ό μ‹¬λ°•λ™μˆ˜μ˜ 증가λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ”λ°(Reid 및 Brace 1940: Burstein λ“± 1950 : King λ“± 1951: Take-shimaλ“± 1964: Forbes 및 Dally 1970) μ΄λŠ” κΈ°λ„μ˜ 기계적 μžκ·Ήμ— μœ„ν•œ κ²½λΆ€μ˜ 원심성 κ΅κ°μ‹ κ²½μ„¬μœ μ˜ κΈ°λŠ₯ν•­μ§„μœΌλ‘œ 인해 μΌμ–΄λ‚œλ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ©°(Tomori 및 Widdi combe 1969) λ˜ν•œ κΈ°κ΄€λ‚΄ μ‚½κ΄€μ‹œμ—λŠ” λ―Έμ£Όμ‹ κ²½ 자극으둜 각쒅 심뢀정λ§₯을 μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 있고 (Burstein λ“± 1950: King λ“± 1951: Forbes 및 Dally1070) κ²½μš°μ— λ”°λΌμ„œλŠ” μ‹¬μ •μ§€κΉŒμ§€ 일 μœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆλ‹€(Burstein λ“± 1950: Dwyer 1953: Raffan 1954: Lander 및 Mayer 1965). 특히 κ³ ν˜ˆμ•• ν™˜μžλŠ” ν•­μ§„λœ Vasopressive responseλ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λ―€λ‘œ κΈ‰κ²©ν•œ ν˜ˆμ•• μƒμŠΉμ‹œ μ’Œμ‹¬μ‹€λΆ€μ „κ³Ό λ‡ŒμΆœν˜ˆλ“±μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ„ μ΄ˆλž˜ν•  수 있고 λ˜ν•œ 생λͺ…μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ„ μ£ΌλŠ” 심뢀정λ§₯도 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 μžˆλ‹€ (Dingle 1966: Masson 1964). μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ν˜ˆμ•• 및 μ‹¬λ°•λ™μˆ˜μ˜ 상 승과 λΆ€μ •λ§₯의 μΆœν˜„μ„ 쀄이기 μœ„ν•œ μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 약리적인 μ‹œλ„κ°€ ν–‰ν•΄μ Έ μ™”μœΌλ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ λ§Œμ‘±ν• λ§Œν•œ μ™„μ „ν•œ 방법은 λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. μ €μžλŠ” 1979λ…„ 8μ›”λΆ€ν„° 9μ›” 사이에 μ—°μ„ΈλŒ€ν•™ ꡐ μ˜κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 뢀속 μ„ΈλΈŒλž€μŠ€ λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œ 기관내삽관에 μ˜ν•œ μ „μ‹ λ§ˆμ·¨ν•˜μ— μˆ˜μˆ μ„ λ°›λŠ” 성인 ν™˜μž 쀑 정상 ν˜ˆμ••ν™˜μž 40λͺ…κ³Ό κ³ ν˜ˆμ••ν™˜μž 20λͺ…을 λ¬΄μž‘μœ„ μ„ νƒν•˜μ—¬ 각각을 λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°κ³Ό trim ethaphan camphosulfonas νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜ν•˜μ—¬ κΈ°κ΄€λ‚΄μ‚½μž…κ΄€μ‹œμ˜ ν˜ˆμ••κ³Ό μ‹¬λ°•λ™μˆ˜μ˜ 변동 및 λΆ€μ •λ§₯의 μΆœν˜„μ„ 비ꡐ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ—¬ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ΄€μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 1. 정상 ν˜ˆμ••κ΅°μ—μ„œλŠ” λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ trimethaphanνˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ˜ ν˜ˆμ••μƒμŠΉμ΄ μ•½κ°„ μ–΅μ œλ˜μ—ˆ μ§€λ§Œ 톡계학적인 μ˜μ˜λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ³ ν˜ˆμ••κ΅°μ—μ„œλŠ” trimethaphanνˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ˜ ν˜ˆμ••μƒμŠΉ μ–΅μ œκ°€ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 의의 있게 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€(P<0.05). 2. μ „μ‹ λ§ˆμ·¨ ν•˜μ— 직접 ν›„λ‘κ²½μ‚½μž…μ‹œ μ‹¬λ°•λ™μˆ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ .trimethaphan의 νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” 톡계상 별 μ˜μ˜κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. 3. 비정상심전도 μ†Œκ²¬μ€ κ³ ν˜ˆμ••κ΅°μ—μ„œ λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ trimethaphan νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ΄ 적게 λ‚˜ 타났닀. μ΄μƒμ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ’…ν•©ν•˜λ©΄ μ „μ‹ λ§ˆμ·¨ ν•˜μ— 직접 ν›„λ‘κ²½μ‚½μž…μ‹œ κ³ ν˜ˆμ•• ν™˜μžμ—μ„œ trimethaph an을 μ†ŒλŸ‰(0.1㎎/㎏) μ •μ£Όν•˜λ©΄ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ hypertensive crisisλ₯Ό 막을 수 μžˆλŠ” ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λ£Œλœλ‹€. The Effect of Trimethaphan on Responses of the Cardiovascular System During Endotracheal Intubation Sang Ki Paik Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Kwang Won Park, M.D.) Tachycardia and hypertension are well documented complications of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in normal patients(Reid and Brace, 1940; Burstein et al, 1950; King et al 1951; Takeshima et al, 1964; Forbes and Dally, 1970). This phenomenon has been studied in detail in cats by Tomori and Widdicombe(1969), who found it to be associated with an increased impulse traffic in the cervical sympathetic efferent fibers. This nervous activeity was especially increased by stimulation of the epipharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal regions, and was accompanied by the largest hypertensive response(Takki et al, 1972). Also various arrhythmias were elicityed by vagal stimulation during endotracheal intubation (Burstein et al, 1950; King et al, 1951; forbes et al, 1970), and it has been known that cardiac arrest could be observed in severe cases(Burstein et al, 1950; Dwyer, 1953; Raffan, 1954; Lander and Mayer, 1965). That hypertension during induction of anesthesia in critically ill patients may be harmful is substantiated by reports of cerebral hemorrhage, left ventiricular failure and life threatening cardiac arrhythmia(Forbes and Dally, 1970; Dingle, 1966; Masson, 1964; Katz and Bigger, 1970). Pharmacologic attempts to attenuate these blood pressure and heart rate elevations and appearances of arrhythmia have been tried but these approaches have been only partially successful. We selected at random 60 adult patients who had received operation under the general anesthesia with intubation at Severance Hospital from August to September, 1979. They were divided into 4 groups. Group β…  was normotensive without trimethaphan(n=20), Group β…‘ was normotensive with trimethaphan(n=20), Group β…’ was hypertensive without trimethaphan(n=10) and Group β…£ was hypertensive with trimethaphan(n=10). The changes of arterial blood pressure and pulse rate, and appearance of arrhythmia were analyzed and data were compared between groups. The results were as follows; 1. In the trimethaphan injected group, during induction attenuation of increase in blood pressure was not significant in the normotensive group but was statistically significant in the ypertensive group. 2. The effects of trimethaphan on changes of pulse rate were not significant during laryngoscopic insertion under general anesthesia. 3. On EKG of hypertensive patients the trimethaphan injected group revealed fewer abnormal EKG findings than the control group. It is suggested from the above results that intravenous injection of a small amout(0.1mg/kg) of trimethaphan in a hypertensive patient just before endotracheal intubation can be used as one method to prevent a dangerous hypertensive crisis.restrictio
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