27 research outputs found

    Difference in medical care utilization between the two groups who received and did not receive the regular physical examination

    No full text
    ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๊ณตยท๊ต ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰์ค‘์ธ ํ”ผ๋ณดํ—˜์ž ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฒ€๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฒ€๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ด์šฉ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์•ก์„ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณต๋‹จ ํ”ผ๋ณดํ—˜์ž์ค‘ 1984๋…„๋„์™€ 1986๋…„๋„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง„๋‹จ์„ 2ํšŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜๊ฒ€๋ฐ›์€ 670,015๋ช…๊ณผ 2ํšŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜๊ฒ€๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ 4,674๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์„ 1:3์œผ๋กœ ์ง์ง€์–ด 18,696๋ช…์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ๋ฝ‘์•„ 1985๋…„ 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 86๋…„ 12์›” 31 ์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ด์šฉ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์•ก์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด X**2 ๊ฒ€์ •์„, ์˜๋ฃŒ์ด์šฉ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” t๊ฒ€์ •์„, ๊ตฐ๋‚ด ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„ (one-way ANOVA)์„, ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(two-way ANOVA)์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์ง„๋ฅ ์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.5ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.1ํšŒ ์˜€๊ณ , ์ง„๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 15.2์ผ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 19.1์ผ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 48,600์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 77,500์› ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ณดํ—˜๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋น„๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 32,500์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 53,700์› ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์™ธ๋ž˜ ์ง„๋ฃŒํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.3ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 1.8 ํšŒ ์˜€๊ณ , 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ž…์›์ง„๋ฃŒํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 0.04ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 0.09ํšŒ ์˜€๋‹ค. 4. 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ๋ณ‘์›์ด์šฉํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 0.68ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 1.00ํšŒ ์˜€๊ณ , 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์˜์›์ด์šฉํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 1.63ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 0.90ํšŒ ์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์งˆํ™˜๋ณ„ 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์ง„๋ฅ ์€ ํ๊ฒฐํ•ต์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.2ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 3.2ํšŒ, ๋ณธํƒœ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.2ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.4ํšŒ, ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.6ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.7ํšŒ, ๊ฐ„์งˆํ™˜์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 2.0ํšŒ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 3.0ํšŒ ์˜€๋‹ค. 6. ์งˆํ™˜๋ณ„ 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ง„๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ํ๊ฒฐํ•ต์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 37.4์ผ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 69.6์ผ, ๋ณธํƒœ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 30.6์ผ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 42.9์ผ, ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 28.9์ผ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 43.6์ผ, ๊ฐ„์งˆํ™˜์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 26.4์ผ, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 60.3์ผ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 7. ์งˆํ™˜๋ณ„ 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„๋Š” ํ๊ฒฐํ•ต์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 71,000์› ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 180,400์›, ๋ณธํƒœ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 50,600์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 108,300์›, ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 91,600์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 182,800์›, ๊ฐ„์งˆํ™˜์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 99,000์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 196,800์› ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 8. ์งˆํ™˜๋ณ„ 1์ธ๋‹น ํ‰๊ท  ๋ณดํ—˜๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋น„๋Š” ํ๊ฒฐํ•ต์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 45,400์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 123,800์›, ๋ณธํƒœ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 31,000์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 69,500์›, ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 65,300์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 114,500์›, ๊ฐ„์งˆํ™˜์€ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 65,800์›, ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์ด 126,400์› ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ฒ€์ง„๊ตฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ด์šฉ ํšŸ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์ง„์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ด ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ธก์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This is a study of comparison on medical care utilization rates, costs, patterns and types of medical care facilities between the two groups who received and did not receive the regular physical examination required by Health Insurance for Government and Private School Employees from January 1, 1985 to December 31 ,1986. The differences in medical care utilization rates and costs for the four diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis, essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus and liver diseases were also compared. A total of 4,674 insureds in the non-examined group and 14,022 insureds in the examined group were studied. The samples of the two groups were taken by matching sex, age and income. Statistically significant variables were identified by X**2 test, which in turn entered t-test, one-way and two-way ANOVA between the two groups. The results of this study are summed up as follows: 1. The average medical care utilization rates per insured person for two years were 2.5 times in the examined group and 2.1 times in the non-examined group. The average total treatment periods per insured person for two years were 15.2 days in the examined group and 19.1 days in the non-examined group. 2. The average total medical care costs per insured person for two years were W48,600 in the examined group and W77,500 in the non-examined group. The average costs for the insurer's share per insured person for two years were W32,500 in the examined group and W53,700 in the non-examined group. 3. The average out-patient utilization rates per insured person for two years were 2.3 times in the examined group and 1.8 times in the non-examined group. The average in-patient utilization rates per insured person for two years were 0.04 times in the examined group and 0.09 times in the non-examined group. 4. The average hospital utilization rates per insured person for two years were 0.68 times in the examined group and 1.00 times in the non-examined group. The average clinic utilization rates per insured person for two years were 1.63 times in the examined group and 0.90 times in the non-examined group. 5. The average medical care utilization rates of the four diseases per insured person for two years, between examined and non-examined groups were 2.2 times and 3.2 times in pulmonary tuberculosis, 2.2 times and 2.4 times in essential hypertension, 2.6 times and 2.7 times in diabetes mellitus and 2.0 times and 3.0 times in viral hepatitis, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, respectively. 6. The average total treatment periods of the four diseases per insured person for two years, between examined and non-examined groups were 37.4 days and 69.6 days in pulmonary tuberculosis, 30.6 days and 42.9 days in essential hypertension, 28.9 days and 43.6 days in diabetes mellitus and 26.4 days and 60.3 days in viral hepatitis, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, repectively. 7. The average total medical care costs for the four diseases per insured person for two years, between examined and non-examined groups were W71,000 and W18O,400 in pulmonary tuberculosis, W5O,600 and W1O8,300 in essential hypertension, W9l.600 and Wl82,800 in diabetes mellitus and W99,600 and Wl96,800 in viral hepatitis, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, respectively. 8. The average costs for the insurer's share of the four diseases per insured person for two years, between examined and non-examined groups were W45,400 and Wl23,800 in pulmonary tuberculosis, W3l,000 and W69,500 in essential hypertension, W65,300 and Wll4,500 in diabetes mellitus and W65,800 and Wl26,400 in viral hepatitis, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, repectively. All results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in medioal care utilization. While these findings were not necessarily resulted from the preventive measure, but they showed positive outcomes usually resulted from the successful prevention programs. Further studies for objective evaluation of preventive effects, development of systematic and valid instrument to measure the effects are needed to prove real effects of the program.prohibitio

    ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ์•„๋™์˜ ์•…์•ˆ๋ฉด ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๋ถ„์„์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ˆ„๋…„์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

    No full text
    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[์˜๋ฌธ] [ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์น˜๊ณผ๊ต์ •ํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด Broadbent์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋œ ์ดํ›„ ํ™˜ ์ž์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฆ๋ก€๋ถ„์„, ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ํš ๋ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์–‘๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ด์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฐฉ ์‚ฌ์„  ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์‚ฌ์ง„์˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋ น์ธต์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ˆ„๋…„์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด ์ €์ž๋Š” 6์„ธ์—์„œ 9์„ธ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด(๋‚จ 40๋ช…, ์—ฌ 50๋ช…)๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค๋…„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ์‹ ์žฅ, ์ฒด์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Ricket ts์˜ ๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์•„๋™์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋„์™€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์•ˆ๋ฉด๋ถ€์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ๋‚จ๋…€, ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ๋‚จ๋…€๊ฐ„์— ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์œ ์˜์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ facial axis length์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ๋‚จ๋…€์—์„œ cranial base length, facial axis length, upper molar to PTVํ•ญ๋ชฉ๊ณผ, ๋‚จ ์ž์˜ lower incisor to APOํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด 4๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ณ„์† ์œ ์˜์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋ น๊ตฐ์˜ cranial base length, facial axis length์™€ ์‹ ์žฅ, ์ฒด์ค‘๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ „ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. A LONGITUDINAL CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY OF CRAN10FACIAL GROWTH OF KOREAN CHILDREN Tae Soo Park, D.D.D.,M.S.D. Dept. of Dental Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Young Kyu Ryu. D.D.S.,Ph.D.) Many investigators have studied the growth changes of craniofacial complex to obtain important informations and standard values with which attempts at prediction of growth and treatment results have been under exploration. The author analyzed 360 cephalometric roentgenograms of 40 boys and 50 girls taken from the ages of 6 to 9 to assess the growth changes of craniofacial complex and to establish Korean norms by Ricketts' analysis method. 17 Landmarks, 10 planes and 8 angles were plotted and measured by linearly and angularly. The results were as follows: 1. The suthor made the tables of means, standard deviations from the measured values. 2. The item which showed significant difference between males and females in longitudinal study was facial axis length. 3. Items which show significant changes during 3 years were cranial base length, facial axis length, lower incisor to APO, Upper molar to PTV in males, and cranial base length, facial axis length, upper molar to PTV in females. 4. The correlations between cranial base length and facial axis length to body height and weight were higher in males than in females throughout the items.restrictio

    (An) experimental study of the effects of removal of the masticatory muscles on the growth of the mandible in the guinea pig

    No full text
    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๊ณจ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทผ์œก์ด ๊ณจ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋˜์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ €์ž‘๊ทผ ์ค‘ ํŠนํžˆ ์ธก๋‘๊ทผ, ๊ต๊ทผ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด์ธก์ต๋Œ๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ Guinea Pig ํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ์ƒํ›„ 25์ผ ๋œ ์ฒด์ค‘ 250gm ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜ Guinea pig 15๋‘๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์„ธ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด 5๋‘๋Š” ์ธก๋‘๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ทผ์—, 5๋‘๋Š” ๊ต๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์—, 5๋‘๋Š” ๊ต๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋‚ด์ธก์ต๋Œ๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฐฐ๋‹นํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3.5% Chlorol hydrate๋ฅผ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋‚ด ์ฃผ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €์ž‘๊ทผ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 4๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํฌ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋–ผ๋‚ด์–ด Potassium hydroxide ์šฉ์•ก์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๋“์—ฌ ์—ฐ๋ถ€์กฐ์ง ์ œ๊ฑฐํ›„ ๊ณจ ๊ฑด์กฐํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์œก์•ˆ์  ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ ๋‹ค. 1. ์ธก๋‘๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํก์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ๊ต๊ทผ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์˜ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์ธก ๊ตฌ์น˜๊ตํ•ฉ๋ฉด ๋งˆ๋ชจ ๋ฐ ํ•˜์•…๊ฐ์˜ ํก์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ๊ต๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋‚ด์ธก์ต๋Œ๊ทผ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต๊ทผ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์•…๊ฐ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํก์ˆ˜ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ณจ์กฐ์ง์€ ๊ทผ์œก์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Fifteen young pigs were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups; 1. Group for removal of the temporal muscle, 2. Group for removal of the masseter muscle, 3. Group for removal of masseter and internal pterygoid muscles. The animals were anesthetized with 3.5% chloral hydrate intraperitoneally. In the right side the head was shaved. The masticatory muscle was removed. The animals were sacrificed four months later. The head was separated from trunk and cleaned by boiling in a solution of potassium hydroxide. The results were as follows; 1. In the group for removal of the temporal muscle, the Coronoid process of the mandible was resorbed. 2. In the group for removal of the masseter muscle, there was produced asymmetrical growth of the mandible, attrition of the molar teeth in the control side, and resorption of the mardibular angle. 3. In the group for removal of the Masseter and Internal muscles, the changes were more severe than that of the group for removal of the masseter muscle. The mandibular angle was completely absent. 4. The growth of the bone seems definitely related to the presence of the muscular tissue actively pulling upon it.restrictio

    Relationship between caring climate, exercise flow, and exercise adherence intention of Leisure Sports Participants

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌ๋ฒ”๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ฒด์œก๊ต์œก๊ณผ, 2018. 2. ๊ถŒ์„ฑํ˜ธ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œก ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž… ๋ฐ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œก ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์˜ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์„ ์ด‰์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์„ค ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œกํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž 377๋ช…์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž… ๋ฐ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๋ฐ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•œ ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…๊ณผ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ •์ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…์ด ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„์— ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž… ๋ฐ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œก ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…์„ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋กœํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„์— ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œก ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ฐํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋†’์€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชฐ์ž… ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์˜ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  7 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 8 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 9 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 10 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ(caring climate) 10 1. ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™” 10 2. ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 11 3. ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๊ด€๋ จ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 12 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…(exercise flow) 14 1. ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 14 2. ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ ๋ชฐ์ž… 17 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„(exercise adherence intention) 19 1. ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 19 2. ์šด๋™์ง€์†์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ 20 3. ์ƒํ™œ์ฒด์œก ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 21 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 23 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ 23 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ 24 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ ˆ์ฐจ 32 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„ 33 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒ€์ฆ 33 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 34 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 34 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€์ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž… ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜๋„ 35 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ผ€์–ด๋ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชฐ์ž…, ์šด๋™์ง€์†์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„ 36 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ฒ€์ฆ 40 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๋…ผ์˜ 43 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 49 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  49 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ œ์–ธ 50 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 52 ๋ถ€๋ก 58 Abstract 61Maste

    ์žก์Œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ ์‘ํ˜• ํ•„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์Šคํ… ํฌ๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

    No full text
    DoctorIn this paper, various studies have been conducted to improve the performance of the adaptive filter in a noisy environment. Adaptive filter is a kind of estimation technique and is used in various signal processing fields such as system identification, echo cancellation, and active noise control today. These adaptive filters have various structures, and their performance is evaluated in terms of convergence rate, steady-state error, robustness to noise, and computational complexity. Factors affecting the performance of such an adaptive filter include input noise, impulsive measurement noise, and input characteristics. Therefore, in this paper, we present a meaningful study result for an adaptive filter algorithm that is robust to impulsive noise and has good performance in such a noisy environment. In Chapter 1, the background of the adaptive filter is explained to help the understanding of the discussed adaptive filter. First, the basic operating principle and types of adaptive filters will be described. Second, the concept of variable step size, which has been studied to improve the performance of such an adaptive filter, is explained. In Chapter 2, a novel individual variable step-size subband adaptive filter algorithm robust to impulsive noises (NIVSS-NSAF) is introduced. A fixed step-size subband adaptive filter algorithm that is robust against impulsive noises is newly derived by obtaining the optimal solution from a constrained optimization problem through the Lagrange multiplier. In addition, in order to further improve the convergence performance of the proposed algorithm, the weight update formula with a single fixed step size is modified to have multiple individual step sizes. By analyzing its mean-square-deviation (MSD), the optimal individual step size is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the algorithms robust to impulsive noises in the literature. In Chapter 3, the result of extending the concept of variable multiple step size (VMSS) introduced in Chapter 2 to the affine projection sign algorithm (APSA) is presented. APSA has also been researched on variable step size in various ways, and in this dissertation, performance improvement is proposed through extended application of VMSS. The basic weight update formula of APSA is transformed from a single step size form to a multiple step size form. The optimal variable multiple step size is designed through MSD analysis. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has much better performance than the existing variable step size APSAs. In Chapter 4, a scheduled step-size normalized subband adaptive filter algorithm is proposed. The mean-square deviation of the normalized subband adaptive filter according to the step size is analyzed geometrically to construct a pre-designed trajectory. The mean-square deviation learning curve of the normalized subband adaptive filter algorithm is forced to follow the pre-designed trajectory. This method removes the need for the normalized subband adaptive filter algorithm to introduce tuning parameters and does not add any additional online computation. The table of the scheduled step sizes can be reconstructed online in proportion to not only the number of taps but also the number of subbands once they are scheduled offline. The novel memory-efficient scheduling scheme minimizes the memory space required and simplifies operation without performance degradation. Because of these features, the proposed algorithm performs as well as the variable-step-size normalized subband adaptive filters studied previously, and is very suitable for chip level implementation in terms of computational complexity and memory space. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against external environment change and has good performance compared to the existing variable step-size algorithms without any additional online computation and tuning parameter

    A Longitudinal Study on the Psychological Awareness of Yanbian Koreans in China

    No full text
    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ณ€ ์กฐ์„ ์กฑ์˜ ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ข…๋‹จ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค.1995๋…„ 1์ฐจ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ 2000๋…„ 2์ฐจ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๋ณ€์กฐ์„ ์กฑ์˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๋ น ์ง‘๋‹จ๋ณ„(์—ฐ๋ณ€์ผ์ค‘, ์—ฐ๋ฒผ๋Œ€, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ) ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ด 558๋ช…(1์ฐจ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 327๋ช…, 2์ฐจ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 231๋ช…)์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜์‹์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ณ€์กฐ์„ ์กฑ์€ 5๋…„์ „์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜์‹๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ˜ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จ๋ถํ†ต์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ๋น„๊ด€์  ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์‹์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด ๋” ๋†’์•„์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ œํ•œ์ ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. This study is a longitudinal research to investigate the change of psychological awareness and mental characteristics in native Yabian Koreans in China. The difference between first survey data(1991) and second survey data(2000) was analyzed. Another purpose of this study was to find the differences of psychological awareness in Korean generation groups at Yanbian territory, China. The data from native Yanbian Korean groups(n=558) were accordingly analyzed. The survey questionnaire was composed of items reflecting the individual subject's view of values and psychological items concerning evaluation of incumbent social issues. The major result of this study was an increased tendency toward capitalistic values and preference of psychological well-being In Yanbian Koreans. In addition, Yanbian Koreans in the year of 2000 took relatively pessimistic view of the unification of Korea as compared to those in 1991. The implication and limitation of this research result were discussed

    A modified scheduled step-size subband active noise control algorithm with implemental considerations

    No full text
    MasterThis paper proposes an algorithm that actively controls the noise using a modifi ed scheduled step-size normalized subband adaptive lter (MSSS-NSAF). One of the properties of active noise control (ANC) system is that the system has a very long FIR lter coe cients by their long echo tails. Because of the property of the ANC system, NSAF algorithm is applied to reduce the computational complexity by partitioning the input and desired signals. In adaptation step, the scheduled step-size table is applied to acheives fast convergence rate and small steady state error by the mean square deviation (MSD) analysis of the modi ed NSAF. For the calculation e ciency in chip implementation, we proposed a novel step size update algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed MSSSNSAF algorithm has much more better convergence property than xed step-size algorithm

    ์ค‘๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์กฐ์„ ์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•œ์กฑ์˜ ์˜์‹๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋น„๊ต

    No full text
    ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ 1992๋…„ ์–‘๊ตญ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณต์‹ ์ˆ˜๊ต ์ดํ›„ ๊ด„๋ชฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œยท๋ฌธํ™”์  ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ต๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋Š” ์ ์ฐจ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์–‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ต์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์€ 1996๋…„ ์ดˆ์— ์ด๋ฏธ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒํšŒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์ผ๋ณธ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์ธ์  ๊ต๋ฅ˜ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•ฝ 4์ฒœ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฐ๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์žฌํ•™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์กฐ์„ ์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋ฌด์‹œ์žฅ ์ง„์ถœ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 5๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋ช… ์„ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ง„์ถœ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ์†Œ 5๋งŒ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ด€๊ด‘๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ๊ฒฝ ๋“ฑ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋ช…์†Œ์™€ ์—ฐ๋ณ€ ์กฐ์„ ์กฑ ์ž์น˜์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ์–‘๊ตญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ยท์ง‘๋‹จ์  ์ ‘์ด‰์ด ์ผ๊ณผ์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ƒ์‹œ์  ๋ณดํŽธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค

    The reality of heresy and the response of the Church

    No full text

    Accelerated crystal structure prediction of multi-elements random alloy using expandable features

    No full text
    Properties of solid-state materials depend on their crystal structures. In solid solution high entropy alloy (HEA), its mechanical properties such as strength and ductility depend on its phase. Therefore, the crystal structure prediction should be preceded to find new functional materials. Recently, the machine learning-based approach has been successfully applied to the prediction of structural phases. However, since about 80% of the data set is used as a training set in machine learning, it is well known that it requires vast cost for preparing a dataset of multi-element alloy as training. In this work, we develop an efficient approach to predicting the multi-element alloys' structural phases without preparing a large scale of the training dataset. We demonstrate that our method trained from binary alloy dataset can be applied to the multi-element alloys' crystal structure prediction by designing a transformation module from raw features to expandable form. Surprisingly, without involving the multi-element alloys in the training process, we obtain an accuracy, 80.56% for the phase of the multi-element alloy and 84.20% accuracy for the phase of HEA. It is comparable with the previous machine learning results. Besides, our approach saves at least three orders of magnitude computational cost for HEA by employing expandable features. We suggest that this accelerated approach can be applied to predicting various structural properties of multi-elements alloys that do not exist in the current structural database.11Nsciescopu
    corecore