86 research outputs found

    μš΄λ™μ— μ˜ν•΄ μœ λ„λœ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬μ˜ μ„±μˆ™μ΄ In vitro μƒμ—μ„œ 근윑 μž¬μƒμ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ 체윑ꡐ윑과, 2023. 2. λ¬Ένš¨μ—΄.Skeletal muscle forms the largest organ system in the human body and it is essential for generating strength and movement. Skeletal muscle is prone to injury in daily life, including mechanical trauma, heat stress, ischemia, and other pathogenic conditions, but it is uniquely able to adapt and remodel for protection. The immune system is essential for muscle repair and regeneration. It is important in determining the rate and outcome of the healing process at injury sites. Among immune cells, neutrophils are an important first line of defense in the innate immune system. In the early stages of muscle regeneration, neutrophils initiate a cascade to remove the damaged muscle fibers and secrete cytokines to recruit other immune cells to the injury site. Therefore, controlling neutrophil mobilization and function may be an effective strategy to promote muscle regeneration. Physical exercise can mediate immune components that successfully control tissue regeneration, including affecting functional changes in neutrophils. Acute moderate- or high- intensity exercise and chronic moderate intensity exercise can improve neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. To investigate the maturation of neutrophils after 4 weeks of mouse treadmill exercise, we isolated mouse neutrophils from bone marrow and maturation markers were compared. In the exercise group, significantly higher LTF and CXCR2 mRNA levels were identified compared to the sedentary group. Following this, we performed a wound healing assay to evaluate whether treatment with exercise-activated neutrophils is effective for muscle regeneration in vitro. Exercise-activated neutrophils improved wound healing of mouse muscle cells; we further confirmed this at human cell level. For neutrophil-like cells treated with dexamethasone (dex), exercise mimetics had significantly higher LTF, fMLP, and CD11b mRNA levels compared to the control. Furthermore, neutrophil-like cells treated with dex improved wound healing of human muscle cells. This is the first study showing that exercise affects neutrophil maturation and that exercise-induced neutrophils contribute to muscle regeneration in vitro.골격근은 μΈμ²΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 기관계λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λ©° 힘과 μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μƒμ„±ν•˜λŠ” 데 ν•„μˆ˜μ μ΄λ‹€. 골격근은 μΌμƒμƒν™œμ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 기계적 외상, μ—΄ 슀트레슀, ν—ˆν˜ˆ 및 기타 감염 상황 등에 μ˜ν•΄ μ†μƒλ˜κΈ° μ‰½μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμŠ€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ³΄ν˜ΈκΈ°μ „μœΌλ‘œ 슀슀둜 μ μ‘ν•˜κ³  μž¬ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ³ μœ ν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯을 가지고 μžˆλ‹€. λ©΄μ—­ μ²΄κ³„λŠ” 근윑 회볡 및 μž¬μƒμ— ν•„μˆ˜μ μ΄λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 손상 λΆ€μœ„ 치유 κ³Όμ •μ˜ 속도와 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 데 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ©΄μ—­ 세포 μ€‘μ—μ„œ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬λŠ” μ„ μ²œμ„± λ©΄μ—­μ²΄κ³„μ˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 첫번째 방어선이닀. 근윑 μž¬μƒμ˜ 초기 λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬λŠ” μ†μƒλœ 근윑 μ„¬μœ λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•˜κ³  손상 λΆ€μœ„μ— λ‹€λ₯Έ 면역세포λ₯Ό λ™μ›ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 사이토카인을 λΆ„λΉ„ν•œλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬ 동원과 κΈ°λŠ₯을 μ‘°μ ˆν•˜λŠ” 것은 근윑 μž¬μƒμ„ μ΄‰μ§„ν•˜λŠ” 효과적인 μ „λž΅μ΄ 될 수 μžˆλ‹€. 신체 μš΄λ™μ€ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬μ˜ κΈ°λŠ₯적 변화에 영ν–₯을 미치며 쑰직 μž¬μƒμ„ μ„±κ³΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” λ©΄μ—­ ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ€‘μž¬ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. μΌνšŒμ„±μ˜ 쀑강도 λ˜λŠ” 고강도 μš΄λ™κ³Ό λ§Œμ„±μ  쀑강도 μš΄λ™μ€ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬μ˜ μ£Όν™”μ„±κ³Ό 식균 μž‘μš©μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”4μ£Όκ°„μ˜ 마우슀 νŠΈλ ˆλ“œλ°€ μš΄λ™ ν›„, ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬μ˜ μ„±μˆ™λ„λ₯Ό μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ³¨μˆ˜μ—μ„œ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬λ₯Ό λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μ„±μˆ™ 마컀λ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅ν–ˆλ‹€. μš΄λ™ κ·Έλ£Ήμ—μ„œ LTF 및 CXCR2 mRNA μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ λΉ„μš΄λ™ 그룹에 λΉ„ν•΄ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ 높은 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ν™•μΈλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ ν›„, μš΄λ™μ— μ˜ν•΄ λ³€ν™”λœ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬κ°€ in vitroμƒμ—μ„œ 근윑 μž¬μƒμ— νš¨κ³Όμ μΈμ§€ ν‰κ°€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ wound healing assayλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν–ˆλ‹€. μš΄λ™ 유발 ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬λŠ” 마우슀 근윑 μ„Έν¬μ˜ μƒμ²˜ 치유λ₯Ό μ΄‰μ§„μ‹œμΌ°λ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것을 인간 세포 μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ μΆ”κ°€λ‘œ ν™•μΈν–ˆλ‹€. μš΄λ™ λͺ¨λ°©μ²΄λ‘œ μ„€μ •ν•œ λ±μ‚¬λ©”νƒ€μ†μœΌλ‘œ 처리된 ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬ μœ μ‚¬ μ„Έν¬μ˜ 경우, λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ LTF, fMLP 및 CD11b mRNA μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ λ†’μ•˜λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λ±μ‚¬λ©”νƒ€μ†μœΌλ‘œ 처리된 ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬ μœ μ‚¬ μ„Έν¬λŠ” 인간 근윑 μ„Έν¬μ˜ μƒμ²˜ 치유λ₯Ό μ΄‰μ§„μ‹œμΌ°λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μš΄λ™μ΄ ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬ μ„±μˆ™μ— 영ν–₯을 미치고 μš΄λ™ 유발 ν˜Έμ€‘κ΅¬κ°€ in vitro μƒμ—μ„œ 근윑 μž¬μƒμ— κΈ°μ—¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 첫 번째 연ꡬ이닀.I. Introduction 6 1. Need for research 6 2. Purpose of research 9 3. Hypotheses 9 II. Study Background 10 1. Skeletal muscle regeneration 10 2. Exercise and immune cells 11 3. Neutrophils 12 3.1 Neutrophils 12 3.2 Neutrophils and muscle regeneration 13 3.3 Neutrophils and exercise 14 III. Materials and Methods 15 1. Cell culture and differentiation 15 2. HL60 differentiation with dexamethasone treatment 16 3. Wound healing assay 16 4. Quantitative PCR analysis 17 5. Animal experiments 19 5.1 Animal care 19 5.2 Treadmill exercise protocol 20 6. Neutrophil isolation 21 7. Statistical analysis 21 IV. Results 22 1. Exercise promotes neutrophil maturation in mice 22 2. Neutrophils from exercised mice enhanced C2C12 wound closure 25 3. Exercise mimetics promotes neutrophil-like cell (dHL-60) maturation 27 4. dHL-60 cells treated with dexamethasone enhance HSMM wound closure 30 V. Discussion 32 VI. Conclusion 36 VII. Reference 37석

    On the correlation of epistemic modality and interrogative

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    The aims of this paper are to investigate the correlation of epistemic modality and interrogative, and to describe some linguistic phenomena in Korean. 1 recognize that the semantic domain of epistemic modality and that of interrogative have an overlapping part. The meaning of Interrogative can be characterized as to demand an information from hearer' in communicative respect, and can also be characterized as 'to express speaker's ignorance' in modal respect. In Korean, it is observed that epistemic forms like '-ne, -guna, -gun, -damyeonseo(sentence final endings)' sometimes invoke a pseudo-interrogative effect. That's because the epistemic expressions used in the declarative sentences make the sentences to be less informative. I also observe that the meanings of interrogative endings like '-eunga, -eulgga' are apt to be interpreted as epistemic judgement. I think that these are endings of soliloquy, so they are not so much expressing speaker's demand for an information from hearer as expressing the state of speaker's knowledge

    (The)Ecophysiology of the cyst-producing marine dinoflagellates in the vicinity of the Saemankeum area, Korea

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μ§€κ΅¬ν™˜κ²½κ³Όν•™λΆ€ 해양학전곡,2003.Docto

    Undaria pinnatifida의 고정화와 μ€‘κΈˆμ† 흑착 κ³΅μ •μ˜ λͺ¨λΈλ§

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :화학곡학과,1996.Maste

    쒅결어미와 λ³΄μ‘°μš©μ–Έμ˜ 톡합 ꡬ문 에 λŒ€ν•œ μž¬κ²€ν† 

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    μƒν™œμ‚¬ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν•œ 적쑰원인쒅 lingulodinium polyedrum(dodge)의 생식과 μ„±μž₯

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :ν•΄μ–‘ν•™κ³Ό,1998.Maste

    ν˜„λŒ€κ΅­μ–΄ 반말체 μ’…κ²°μ–΄λ―Έ 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :κ΅­μ–΄κ΅­λ¬Έν•™κ³Ό ꡭ어학전곡,1998.Maste
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