Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promotes cancer invasion by modulating cathepsin D via early growth response (EGR)-1

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) contributes to tumor progression as well as maintaining telomere length, however, the mechanism by which hTERT promotes invasiveness is not yet completely understood. This study aims to unravel the precise mechanism through which hTERT promotes cancer invasion. We established an hTERT-overexpressed immortalized cell line (IHOK/hTERT). In orthotopic xenograft models, IHOK/hTERT harbors higher tumorigenicity than IHOK/Control. IHOK/hTERT showed much higher migration and invasion activities compared to IHOK/Control. IHOK/hTERT co-cultured with fibroblasts displayed increased invasion compared to IHOK/hTERT without fibroblasts. We screened for genes that play an important role in intermodulation between cancer cells and fibroblasts using a microarray and identified fibroblast activation protein (FAP). hTERT knockdown showed decreased expression of FAP and early growth response (EGR)-1, one of the transcriptional regulators of FAP in IHOK/hTERT and oral cancer cell line YD10B. Furthermore, EGR-1 knockdown in IHOK/hTERT and YD10B showed reduced invasion and reduced cathepsin D expression compared to Control-siRNA cells. Taken together, this study provides evidence that hTERT overexpression is responsible for the upregulation of the cysteine protease cathepsin D by regulating EGR-1 to activate invasiveness in cancer progression.ope

병원 간호사의 질 관리 및 의료기관평가제도에 대한 인식과 간호업무성과와의 관계

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify relationships among the perception of quality assurance and national hospital evaluation program and nursing performance of hospital nurses. Method: The participants were 401 nurses who worked at the A medical center. The data were collected from 25 April to 9 May. 2008. The cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Result: The perception of the quality assurance correlated significantly with nursing performance. Also, the perception of national hospital program correlated significantly with nursing performance. However, the scores of perception of quality assurance & national evaluation program of hospital nurses is relatively low. Conclusions: These results means positive perception of quality assurance of nurses can produce good nursing performance. It suggests that nurses need more education and training for quality assurance. And the incentives will be needed to enhance the perception of quality assurance. Moreover, the detailed nursing performance indicators should be developed to measure the quality of nursing performance properly

임상간호실습교육과 학교-임상 연계 조직에 대한 교수와 실습지도 간호사의 인식

Purpose: This study was intended to describe the perception of professors and nurses on clinical practice teaching and organizational integration of colleges and clinical nursing departments. Method: Fifty-three professors of five nursing colleges and eighty-four nurses of one university hospital participated. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Result: Disposition for a good clinical instructor was both teaching skill and abundant clinical experience. Professors were competent at adapting nursing process and critical thinking, whereas, nurses were good at clinical skills. Most of the subjects agreed on the organizational integration of nursing colleges and the nursing departments of the hospital, and the proper position for a clinical teacher would be a concurrent instructor. Conclusion: Cooperation between the nursing college and clinical nursing department is needed, and organizational integration of these two is one way for better instruction in clinical practice

An Analyis on <Dosolcheon(Tushita)> for Geomungo and Janggu Composed by Dae-seong Kim

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 음악대학 음악과, 2023. 8. 허윤정.본 연구는 2005년에 위촉된 김대성의 첫 거문고 독주곡, 거문고와 장구를 위한 을 분석하여 악곡의 구조와 연주법을 밝힌 논문으로 그 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 거문고와 장구를 위한 은 E♭, A♭, B♭음정이 중심음으로 사용되며 C, F음정은 일시적 조바꿈 역할을 한다. 또한 초기 영산회상 선법인 황, 협, 중, 임, 무와 현행 영산회상 선법인 황, 태, 중, 임, 무와 더불어 황, 태, 중, 임, 남 총 3가지의 선법이 사용된다. 단락마다 주요한 하나의 선법이 등장하지만, 대부분 다른 조들로 빈번하게 조바꿈이 되고 선법의 구성음이 아닌 음들을 출현시킴으로써 전통에서 벗어나는 느낌을 준다. 둘째, 단악장으로 구성된 은 빠르기의 변화와 선율의 흐름에 따라 총 8개의 단락으로 구분할 수 있다. 세부적으로는 6개의 모티브가 등장한다. 각 단락은 단락별로 발전을 반복하며 전체 악곡을 구성하는데, 축소와 변주의 형태로 변화가 나타난다. 셋째, 에서는 아프리카 피그미족의 리듬인 양기사 리듬이 사용되었다. 아프리카 리듬은 5/8+7/8+5/8+7/8의 박자가 하나의 프레이즈를 이루며 반복하고 있다. 본 작품에서 거문고는 변형 리듬인 3+2+2+2+3+3+2+2+2+3을 사용했다. 또한 강박의 도치로 3+2+3+2+2+3+2+3+2+2의 리듬 형태도 보인다. 넷째, 작곡가가 본 곡에 제시한 타악기는 장구와 징이 있고 징은 상대적으로 느린 빠르기의 단락에서만 등장한다. 타악은 주로 거문고와 동일한 리듬을 연주함으로써 거문고의 선율을 받쳐주지만, 때로는 거문고의 리듬과 대비 혹은 대구를 이루어 곡의 긴장과 이완을 표현하였고 장구 가락을 비워 거문고의 선율에 집중할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 징을 사용하여 곡에 생기를 더해주고 곡의 분위기를 표현하였다. 다섯째, 본 작품에서는 현대적인 음계와 리듬을 효과적으로 표현하기 위해 거문고의 다양한 주법이 활용되었다. 에 사용된 오른손 주법으로는 뜰살, 뜰, 싸랭, 2음을 동시에 발현하는 주법, 슬기둥, 스르렁, 피치카토, 술대로 현침을 치는 주법이 사용되었고 왼손 기법으로는 전성, 자출, 추성, 퇴성, 농현, 모르덴트, 줄을 손으로 눌러 내는 주법이 사용되었다. 김대성 작곡 거문고와 장구를 위한 은 전통 어법을 사용했지만, 서양음악의 현대적 주법과 반음음계의 사용으로 전통에서 벗어나는 현대적인 곡이다. 본고를 통해 거문고 연주자들이 의 작품구조를 이해하고, 거문고 연주자들이 곡을 연주하는 데에 도움이 되기를 기대한다.This study analyses Kim Dae-seong's first solo work for Geomungo solo, Dosolcheon(Tushita) for Geomungo and Janggu, commissioned in 2005, to discover the structure and playing technique of the piece, and the results of the analysis are as follows. Firstly, "Dosolcheon" for Geomungo and Janggu uses E♭, A♭, and B♭ as the main notes, with C and F serving as temporary modulations. In addition, the piece contains three modes: the early Yeongsanhoesang's mode of "Huang, Hyeop, Jung, Im, Mu" and the current Yeongsanhoesang's mode of "Huang, Tae, Jung, Im ,Mu", as well as Huang, Tae, Jung, Im, Nam. Although each paragraph features a single, dominant mode, but it is frequently transposed to other keys, and it breaks from tradition by introducing notes that are not part of the mode. Secondly, "Dosolcheon", which is composed of a single movement, can be divided into a total of eight paragraphs according to changes in speed and melodic flow. In detail, there are six motifs. Each section develops in section and constitutes the entire piece, with changes occurring in the form of scaling down and variations. Thirdly, the rhythm of the 'pygmy people' of Africa is used in 'Dosolcheon'. The African rhythm consists of 5/8+7/8+5/8+7/8 beats repeated in a single phrase. In this piece, the Geomungo uses a variation of this rhythm, 3+2+2+2+3+3+2+2+2+3. Alternatively, the rhythmic form of 3+2+3+2+2+3+2+3+2+2 is also seen as a rhythmic change. Fourthly, the percussion instruments in this piece are Jangu and Jing, Jing appearing only in the relatively slow passages. The percussion mainly supports the melody of the Geomungo by playing the same rhythm as it, but occasionally it contrasts with the Geomungo's rhythm to express the tension and relaxation of the piece, and occasionally Janggu is silenced to allow the focus to be on the Geomungo's melody. In addition, the Jing is used to add liveliness to the piece and express the mood of the piece. Fifthly, various techniques of the Geomungo were used in this piece to effectively express modern scales and rhythms. The right-hand techniques used in include the following: Tteulsal, Tteul, Ssaraeng, a technique for producing two notes simultaneously, Seulgidung, seureureong, pizzicato, a technique which involves hitting the instrument with a Suldae, while the left-hand techniques include Jeonseong, Jachul, Chuseong, Toeseong, Nonghyeon, mordent. Kim Dae-seong's "Dosolcheon" for Geomungo and Janggu is a modern piece that uses tradition but deviates from it by using the modern techniques and chromatic scale of Western music. This study aims to help Geomungo players understand the piece's structure and to help Geomungo players perform the piece.Ⅰ. 서론 1 1. 문제 제기 및 연구목적 1 2. 연구범위 및 연구방법 5 Ⅱ. 작품 개관 7 1. 김대성의 작품세계 7 2. 의 작품 구성 14 1) 조현법 14 2) 선법 17 3) 악곡 구조 18 Ⅲ. 악곡 분석 21 1. 거문고 선율 분석 21 1) 제①단락 22 2) 제②단락 28 3) 제③단락 30 4) 제④단락 38 5) 제⑤단락 40 6) 제⑥단락 45 7) 제⑦단락 51 8) 제⑧단락 57 2. 타악기 리듬 분석 64 Ⅳ. 연주법 분석 67 1. 오른손 주법 67 2. 왼손 기법 76 Ⅵ. 결론 86 참고문헌 89 작곡가와의 인터뷰 92 Abstract 95 Ⅵ. 결론 77석

기본간호학 실습교육에 있어 표준화 환자를 이용한 학습방법의 효과

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a standardized patients managed instruction program for a fundamentals of nursing. The standardized patients managed instruction was evaluated by using a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group posttest design with two separate classes of sophomore students attending fundamentals of nursing classes at one baccaleureate nursing school in Korea. Control group was taught by traditional lecture/model instruction and experimental group was taught by standardized patient managed instruction. Data were collected from December, 1999 to July, 2000 using checklist developed by researcher on following areas; clinical nursing performance, communication skills, and learning motivation. There were 36 students in the experimental group and 40 students in the control group. Data analysis was done using SPSS WINDOW. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Clinical nursing performances were evaluated by change position, back care and hot bag apply. The total score was statistically significant higher in the experimental group than the control group(t=3.325, p=.000). Thus hypothesis 1 was supported. 2. Communication skill was evaluated by professional attitude and ability to explain to patients. There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (t=4.232, p=.000). Thus hypothesis 2 was supported. 3. Learning motivation was evaluated by self-reported questionnaires. There was statistically a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(t=3.024, p=.004). Thus hypothesis 3 was supported. In conclusion, this study suggests that standardized patients managed instruction is an effective learning method to nursing students. By utilizing a standardized patient managed instruction, learning can proceed in a more relaxed environment and reduce the risks to patients because student inexperience are avoided. It is recommended to develop more standardized patients cases for wider areas of nursing educational and evaluate the program with more students using logitudinal method

초등학교 학생과 교사의 양성평등에 관한 인식 비교: 5·6학년을 중심으로

Objectives: Today, there arc no differences in opportunities between genders to enter the school, but unequal education is still happening because of paternalism. Moreover. teachers are not prepared enough to teacher gender equality to their students. This study is to assess the perception of elementary students and their teachers regarding gender equality to develop education programs to improve their perception of gender equality. Methods: The self-reported questionnaire is based on the Korean Gender Equalitarianism Scale for adult and adolescents published by the Korean Women Development Institute and was used to assess the perception of gender equality. The subjects were 594 students enrolled in 5th and 6th grades and 110 teachers of elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The data was collected from Mar. 1 to May 30, 2004. Results: Teachers had significantly lower scores in the section of school life than students. However, students had lower scores in home and social life. The female students had significantly higher scores than male ones and students who learned sexual education from father higher scores than those who didn’t. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to differentiate the level of studying by male and female students about sex education. Teachers’ gender equality perception would affect on student’s gender equality perception, so they must be educated well before they teach to their students as well as their parents

기본간호학 실습교과과정 개선에 관한 연구

It was reported that nursing students had most difficulties in clinical competency due to their short of knowledge and skills in nursing care. Enviromental difference between laboratory in nursing school and hospital was another difficulty to them. This implicated that more preclinical competency education is needed in fundermental nursing to achieve skills of care and the laboratory environment of nursing school had to be improved. The purpose of this study was to examine contents, total lecture and practicum hours of the fundermental nursing education in nursing schools. It was also examine the difference of contents between hospital in-service education and nursing school. Its study is a descriptive study with study sample of 56 nursing professors who teach fundermental nursing in colleges and universities. Structured Questionnaires was used in collecting data. The result showed that practicum hours total 96.8 hours which was 59% of funderm. Nursing course. The education regar medication account for large numbers of h Aseptic technique, elimination care, vital oxygen related care were the next common contents. When compared with hospital in-service education, 76% of the education were the same. This suggested that pre-clinical education in fundermental nursing needed to be enforced. In its contents & education hours to establish clinical practice centered nursing education

기혼 직장여성의 결혼만족도 관련요인

Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the related factors on the marital satisfaction in working married women in Korea. Methods: The data were collected by self-report questionnaires from 567 working married women of over 20 years old in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Cheonla, and Kyungsang province. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS win 14.0 program with t-test. ANOVA, pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The results showed that the mean score of sexual life satisfaction and marital satisfaction were respectively 31.54 (range 10.00 to 50.00) and 58.82 (range 25.00 to 90.00). There were a significant difference in the score of sexual life satisfaction and marital satisfaction according to age, educational level, marital duration, number of child, type of job, purpose of working, monthly family income, menopause and hypertension. The marital satisfaction was significantly correlated with sexual life satisfaction (r=0.468, p＜0.001), stress (r=-0.345, p＜0.001), depression (r=-0.350, p＜0.001), and job satisfaction(r=0.271, p＜0.001). The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that sexual life satisfaction (adjusted R2=0.216) strongly predicted the marital satisfaction. Conclusions: Effective sexual counselling program based on psychosocial intervention is need to design for married working women to improve marital satisfaction and quality of life