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    The analysis of the research trends about the relation between organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: focusing on the field of public administration

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ–‰์ •ํ•™๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๋ถ„์•ผ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์กฐ์ง ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์œ ํ˜•์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์„ฑ(cultural types or traits)์ด ์กฐ์งํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” (strong culture)๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์งํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์  ์š”์ธ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ (fit)์ด ์กฐ์ง ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์ƒํƒœ์™€ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด(gap)๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์กฐ์ง ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์กฐ์งํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์€ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ์งํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณง ์กฐ์งํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ „์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋‚˜ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. In this study the research trends about the relation between organizational culture and organizational effectiveness focused on the field of public administration were analyzed. The result of the study shows that the research trends can largely be divided into four types of trends. First, specific organizational culture types and traits can affect organizational effectiveness. Second, a strong culture can give an important influence to organizational effectiveness on the aspect of a cultural intensity. Third, the fit between organizational culture types and other situational factors can have an effect on organizational effectiveness. Finally, as a research trend paid attention to recently, if the gap between the state of present organizational culture and the state of organizational culture being desired is grasped rather than try to identify the phenomenon of one period of organizational culture, it can be identified that how the degree of influential power on organizational effectiveness is changed accordingly. In conclusion, these research trends between organizational culture and organizational effectiveness reflect that organizational effectiveness can ultimately be improved through the change of organizational culture and this means that simple change of organizational structure or behavior has its limits in upgrading organizational effectiveness.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2004๋…„๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ(KRF-2004-075-B00010)
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