Long-term follow up after endodontic microsurgery :The changing patterns between one year and over four years’ follow up

Dept. of Dentistry/석사Many outcome studies for endodontic microsurgery were done in a period of approximately one-year. Controversy exists on whether the postoperative one-year observation results are maintained over longer follow up. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the post-surgical results of the endodontic microsurgery under two time frames, one-year follow up, and over four years after the surgery. We analyzed patterns of stability, healing, deterioration, and the causes of failure of microendodontic surgery.The clinical database of the Department of Conservative Dentistry at the College of Dentistry, Yonsei University in Seoul, Korea, was searched for patients with a history of endodontic microsurgery performed from 2004 to 2007 and evaluated clinically and radiographically at the point of one-year and over four years after endodontic microsurgery. All evaluations were performed using the Molven criteria and PAI scoring system. Among the 550 cases with endodontic microsurgery, 103 cases were included in this study. In Molven criteria, of 92 cases classified as success at one-year, 89 cases (96.7%) remained so, whereas 3 cases (3.3%) regressed to failure at long-term follow up. Conversely, of 11 cases regarded as failure at one-year, 3 cases (27.3%) progressed to success group. After long-term follow up, the failure group after one-year follow up did not become more healed or deteriorative than the success group. In PAI scoring system, of 94 cases classified as successful results (score 1-3) at one-year, 90 cases (95.7%) remained so at long-term follow up, whereas 4 cases (4.3%) regressed to failure results (score 4-5). Conversely, of 9 cases classified as failure results at one-year, 2 cases (22.2%) progressed to successful results. After long-term follow up, the failure group after one-year follow up did not become more healed than in the success group. On the other hand, the failure group after one-year follow up became more deteriorative than in the success group.In spite of limitations, through this study, we were able to conclude that long-term outcomes of endodontic microsurgery can be predicted by one-year outcomes. During the long-term period, PAI scoring system was more sensitive than Molven criteria in observation of healing pattern changes. However, clinically, the PAI scoring system and the Molven criteria did not show significant differences in assessing the success and failure of the endodontic microsurgery.ope

Fun, educative, and ineteractive tangram for children

본 발명에 따른 인터렉티브 맞춤놀이 기구는, 블록들(10a 내지 10e)이 올려 놓여지며 블록들의 위치 및 모양을 인식하는 인식패드(20); 인식패드(20)에 의해 인식되는 블록들의 위치 및 모양을 화면으로 출력하는 모니터(30); 소정의 기준조합모양과 상기 기준조합모양에 대한 애니메이션이 저장되는 저장장치; 및 인식패드(20)에 의해 인식되는 블록조합모양이 상기 기준조합모양과 동일하면 모니터(30)에 나타나는 블록조합모양을 애니메이션으로 변환하여 출력시키는 MPU; 를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 블록을 이용하여 만든 모양이 소프트웨어 컨텐츠 상에서 다양한 시각적, 청각적 효과를 지닌 일러스트 애니메이션으로 변하기 때문에 아동은 자신의 창작 결과를 통해 공감각적 경험을 하게 된다. 애니메이션은 그 모양에 해당하는 학습정보도 담고 있다. 따라서, 적절한 컨텐츠를 결부시키면 아동에게 재미를 주고 나아가 지속적인 창작동기를 부여할 수 있게 된다

인터랙티브 제품 프로토타이핑을 위한 교육 프레임워크

When the design profession started, design targets were mainly static hardware centered products. Due to the development of network and digital technologies, new products with dynamic and software-hardware hybrid interactive characteristics have become one of the main design targets. To accomplish the new projects, designers are required to learn new methods, tools and theories in addition to the traditional design expertise of visual language. One of the most important tools for the change is effective and rapid prototyping. There have been few researches on educational framework for interactive product or system prototyping to date. This paper presents a new model of educational contents and methods for interactive digital product prototyping, and its application in a design curricula. The new course contents, integrated with related topics such as physical computing and tangible user interface, include microprocessor programming, digital analogue input and output, multimedia authoring and programming language, sensors, communication with other external devices, computer vision, and movement control using motors. The final project of the course was accomplished by integrating all the exercises. Our educational experience showed that design students with little engineering background could learn various interactive digital technologies and its implementation method in one semester course. At the end of the course, most of the students were able to construct prototypes that illustrate interactive digital product concepts. It was found that training for logical and analytical thinking is necessary in design education. The paper highlights the emerging contents in design education to cope with the new design paradigm. It also suggests an alterative to reflect the new requirements focused on interactive product or system design projects. The tools and methods suggested can also be beneficial to students, educators, and designers working in digital industries

개에서 급성 후천성 망막변성증의 임상적 특징과 치료 결과에 대한 후향적 연구

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 수의과대학 수의학과, 2017. 8. 서강문.The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical manifestations in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS), and to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes. One hundred dogs presented with SARDS between January 2005 and December 2016 at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. This study included dogs with a history of acute vision loss and, absence of ophthalmic lesions consistent with the degree of vision loss. Among them, SARDS was diagnosed by using electroretinogram, clinical signs and ophthalmic examination. Medical records including breed, age, gender, weight, serum biochemistry, season of diagnosis, and clinical signs were reviewed when available. The incidence rate of SARDS was 2.4%. The most frequently affected breeds were the Maltese (40), Schnauzer (23), Cocker Spaniel (10), and Shih-Tzu (9) in order. The gender of SARDS-affected dogs comprised 55 male dogs and 45 female dogs. The mean age of SARDS patients was 8.3 ± 2.6 yr. Of the dogs diagnosed with SARDS, Cushings-like signs were observed in 35 dogs. The median body weight of SARDS patients was 6.5 ± 3.5 kgapproximately 72.9% weighed less than 9 kg. Forty-four dogs were prescribed systemic steroidsof those, 4 dogs regained vision (4/44, 9.1%). In conclusions, middle-aged to older dogs were commonly affected by SARDS. Smaller dogs, less than 9 kg, appeared overrepresented. There were no significant gender-related differences. Also, if the patient is confirmed as SARDS, high-dose steroid can be a good therapeutic trial for regaining the patients vision.1.Introduction 1 2.Materials and Methods 4 2.1 Animals 4 2.2 Therapeutic trials 6 2.3 Statistical analyses 7 3.Results 8 4.Discussion 14 5.References 19 6.Abstract in Korean 24Maste