19 research outputs found
The Roles and Features of Everyday Experience in Elementary School Students Understanding of Thermal Phenomena
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : κ³Όνκ΅μ‘κ³Ό(물리μ 곡), 2014. 2. μ‘μ§μ
.νμλ€μ νκ΅μμ κ³Όνμ λ°°μ°κ³ λ μΌμμ κ²½ν μμμ κ·Έκ²μ νμΈνκ±°λ μ μ©νλ€. λ°λλ‘ μΌμμ κ²½ν μμμ 체λν κ²μ νκ΅λ‘ κ°μ Έμ€κΈ°λ νλ€. μ μΈμ μμ€μμ νμμ μΌμκ²½νμ΄ κ³Όννμ΅μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ€λ μ견μ μ μν μ°κ΅¬λ¬Όμ λ§μ΄ μμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μΌμκ²½νκ³Ό κ³Όννμ΅μ μ°κ²° μ§κ³ , ꡬ체μ μΌλ‘ μ΄ λμ΄ μ΄λ»κ² κ΄κ³λ₯Ό λ§Ίλμ§μ λν μ€μ μ μΈ μ°κ΅¬λ κ±°μ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§μ§ μμλ€. μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ νμ μ€λ¬Έμ‘°μ¬ λ° λ΄νκ΄μ°°, κ΅κ³Όμ©λμ λΆμμ ν΅ν΄ μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μ λν μΌμκ²½νμ μν κ³Ό κ·Έ νΉμ§μ λ°νλ κ²μ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ μ€μ νμλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ΄ 3 κ°μ νμ μ°κ΅¬λ€λ‘ ꡬμ±λμ΄ μλ€.
μ°κ΅¬ 1μμλ μ κ΅ 4κ° μ§μμ μ΄λ±νκ΅ 4νλ
298λͺ
μ λμμΌλ‘ νμ κ°μΈμ΄ μ΄ νμμ μ΄ν΄νλ λ° μμ΄μ μΌμκ²½νμ μν κ³Ό νΉμ§μ νμν΄λ³΄κ³ , κ³Όνμμ
μμ μΌμκ²½νμ λμ
νλ κ²μ λν νμλ€μ μκ°μ μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. μ°κ΅¬ 2μμλ μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μμ μΌμκ²½νμ μν μ κ°μΈμ νμ΅μ΄ μλ μ¬νλ¬Ένμ κ΄μ μμ μ΄ν΄λ³΄κΈ° μν΄ μ΄λ±νκ΅ 4νλ
νμ 6λͺ
μ΄ μ€μνλ κ³Όνλ΄νλ₯Ό κ΄μ°°νμλ€. 6λͺ
μ νμμ΄ λλ£μ μ¬νμ μνΈμμ©μ νλ©΄μ μΌμκ²½νμ μ΄λ»κ² μ¬μ©νκ³ μλ‘ μ΄λ ν μν₯μ μ£Όκ³ λ°λμ§ μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ°κ΅¬ 1κ³Ό 2μ λΆμκ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό Deweyμ κ²½νλ‘ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ λ
Όμνμλ€. μ°κ΅¬ 3μ μ΄κ°λ
νμ΅μ λν λ³΄λ€ κ΅¬μ²΄μ μμ¬μ μ μ»κΈ° μν΄ μ΄λ±νκ΅ κ³Όνκ³Ό κ΅κ³Όμ©λμ(4νλ
, 3λ¨μ μ΄μ λ¬κ³Ό μ°λ¦¬ μν)μ λ΄κΈ΄ μΌμκ²½νμ λν λ΄μ©μ λΆμνμλ€.
μ°κ΅¬ 1μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄ν΄λ³΄λ©΄, μΌμκ²½νμ κ³Όν νμμ μ΄ν΄νλ κ·Όκ±°λ‘μμ μν μ μννλ©° μ΄λ λ€λ₯Έ κ²½νλ€λ³΄λ€ λΉμ€μ΄ μκ³ , κΈμ μ μΌ λΏλ§ μλλΌ λΆμ μ μν λ μννμλ€. νμλ€μ΄ μ΄ νμκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨μ΄ μλ€κ³ λ μ¬λ¦° κ²½νμ μΌμμ§μ κ²½ν(λΉμλμ 체ν, μλμ 체ν), νμΈμ΄λ μμ맀체β’μ±
β’μΈν°λ· λ±μ μν μΌμκ°μ κ²½ν, νκ΅κ³Όνμμ
μ μν νμκ΅μ‘κ²½ν, λ°©κ³Όν κ΅μ‘νλμ μν λΉνμκ΅μ‘κ²½νμΌλ‘ λλ μ μμλ€. ν΄λΉ κ³Όνλ΄μ©μ΄ νμκ΅μ‘μμ κ²½νν κ²μΌμ§λΌλ μμ μ΄ κ²½νν μΌμμ§μ κ²½νμ λ°νμΌλ‘ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νλ €λ κ²½ν₯μ΄ μμλ€. νμλ€μ΄ μΌμκ²½νκ³Ό κ³Όν νμμ μ°κ²° μ§μ λ, μ΄ λμ μ°κ²°νλ μμ¬, κ°κ°, νμ, 물리μ 쑰건, κ³Όνμ©μ΄μ κ°μ μ§μ μ°κ²°κ³ 리μ μ μ¬μμ¬, μ μ¬νμ, μ μ¬ λ¬Όλ¦¬μ 쑰건과 κ°μ κ°μ μ°κ²°κ³ λ¦¬κ° μμμ λ°κ²¬νμλ€. λν μ΄ μ°κ²°κ³ 리λ€μ νμμ μ¬κ³ λ¨κ³μ λ°λΌ μ¦κ°μ μ°κ²°κ³ 리μ ν΄μμ μ°κ²°κ³ λ¦¬λ‘ κ΅¬λΆν μ μμλ€. νμλ€μ΄ μ΄ νμκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨μ§λ μ νμ μΈ μΌμκ²½νλ€μ νμΈν μ μμλλ°, μ리λ μ£Όλ°©μμ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§λ κ²½νμ΄ μ£Όλ₯Ό μ΄λ£¨μλ€. νμλ€μ κ³Όνμκ°μ μΌμκ²½νμ λμ
νλ κ²μ κΈμ μ λ°μμ 보μμΌλ©° μμ μ μ§μ κ²½νμ κ°μ₯ μ λ’°ν μ μλ κ·Όκ±°λ‘ κΌ½μλ€.
μ°κ΅¬ 2μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄, μΌμκ²½νμ νμλ€μ΄ κ³Όνλ΄νμμ μμ μ μ견μ λ°κΎΈλ λ° μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λν μΌμκ²½νμ κ³Όνλ΄νμμ λλ£λ₯Ό λ°λ°νκ±°λ, λ·λ°μΉ¨ν λ μ¬μ©νμμΌλ©°, λλ£μ κ²½νμ μκΈ°μν€κ³ μμ μ μ견μ νμ νκ±°λ λ³νμν€λ κ·Όκ±°λ‘μμ μν μ μννμλ€. μ΄λ¬ν κ³Όμ μ ν΅ν΄ νμλ€μ μ΄ νμμ λν μλͺ»λ μ΄ν΄λ₯Ό λ°λ₯΄κ² μμ νκ±°λ μλͺ»λ μΆλ‘ μ μ΄λ₯΄κΈ°λ νμλ€. λν νμλ€μ μ°κ²°κ³ 리λ₯Ό νμ₯νκΈ°λ νκ³ μ°κ²°κ³ 리λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μλ‘μ΄ μΌμκ²½νμ μ μνκΈ°λ νμλ€. μ΄ λ΄ν μ¬λ‘λ€μ Deweyμ κ³μμ±κ³Ό κ΅λ³μμ©μ νμ₯λ μλ₯Ό 보μ¬μ£Όμλ€. μ΄κ²μ΄ Deweyκ° λ§ν κ΅μ‘μ κ²½νμΌλ‘ κ°λ μλ°μ μ 보μ¬μ€λ€κ³ ν μ μλ€.
μ°κ΅¬ 3μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄, κ΅κ³Όμ©λμλ μΌμμνκ³Ό κ³Όννμ΅μ μ°κ³μν€κΈ° μν΄ νμμ μΌμκ²½ν κ΄λ ¨ λ΄μ©μ μ μνκ³ μμΌλ, νμ κ°μ μΌμκ²½νμ 곡μ νκ³ κ΅νν μ μλ μκ°μ΄λ μ§λ λ°©λ²μ μ μλμ§ μμλ€. μΌμμνμμ κ²ͺμ λ§ν μ¬λ‘λ€μ κ΅κ³Όμμ λμ
νμμΌλ νμμ΄ μ¬μ©νλ μ°κ²°κ³ λ¦¬κ° κ΅κ³Όμ μμμλ νλ°νκ² νμΈλμ§ μμμΌλ©°, νμμ μ νμ μΌμκ²½νκ³Ό κ΅κ³Όμμ μ κ°μ μ°¨μ΄κ° μμλ€. μ΄κ²μ κ΅κ³Όμ μ§νμμ κ΄μ μμ κ°λ
μ€μ¬μ μ°κ²°μ ν΅ν΄ μλ₯Ό μ μ νκ³ μ μνμκΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄λ€.
μ’
ν©ν΄λ³΄λ©΄, λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ νμλ€μ΄ μΌμκ²½νμ μ λ’°νκ³ κ³Όν νμμ λν μμ μ μ΄ν΄λ₯Ό λ·λ°μΉ¨νλ κ·Όκ±°λ‘ μ¬μ©νκ³ μμμ μ μ μμλ€. νμλ€μ κ³Όνλ΄ν μ€μ μΌμκ²½νμ 곡μ νκ³ , μλ‘ κ΅ννλ©°, μΌμκ²½νμ ν΅ν΄ λλ£μ μ견μ νκ°νκ³ μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μνΈ μν΅νλ©΄μ κ³Όν νμμ μ΄ν΄νκ³ κ³Όν κ°λ
μ νμ±ν΄κ°λ€. λν μ΄ νμκ³Ό μΌμκ²½νμ μ°κ²°μν€λ μ°κ²°κ³ 리μ νμμ μ νμ μΌμκ²½νμ νμΈνμλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ Deweyμ κ²½νλ‘ κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨μ§μ΄ νμμ μΌμκ²½νμ λν΄ λ
ΌμνμμΌλ©°, μΌμκ²½νκ³Ό μ΄ νμ κ°μ μ°κ²°κ³ 리λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘μ¨ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅κ³Όμ©λμ κ°λ°μλ€μ΄ κ³Όνκ΅μ‘μ μΌμκ²½νμ λμ
ν μ μλ μ€λ§λ¦¬λ₯Ό μ μν κ²μμ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μμλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ μ μκ² λ€.μ°¨ λ‘
μ΄ λ‘ I
μ°¨ λ‘ IV
ν μ°¨λ‘ VII
κ·Έλ¦Ό μ°¨λ‘ X
1. μ λ‘ 1
1.1. μ°κ΅¬μ λκΈ°μ λͺ©μ 1
1.2. μ°κ΅¬ λ¬Έμ 5
1.3. μ°κ΅¬ κ³Όμ μ κ°μ 6
1.4. μ©μ΄μ μ μ 10
1.5. μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ 13
2. μ νμ°κ΅¬μ μ΄λ‘ μ λ
Όμ 15
2.1. κ³Όννμ΅κ³Ό μΌμκ²½νμ κ΄κ³ 15
2.1.1. κ³Όνκ°λ
νμ±μ λν μΌμκ²½νμ μν₯ 15
2.1.2. κ³Όνμ κ°λ
λ°λ¬κ³Ό μΌμκ²½νμ κ΄κ³μ κ΄ν λ
Όμ 17
2.1.3. κ²½νκ³Ό κ΅μ‘μ κ΄ν λ
Όμ 18
2.1.4. κ³Όν νμκ³Ό κ²½νμ μ°κ²°: κ·μΆ, μ μΆ, λΉμ 24
2.2. μΌμκ²½νκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ κ³Όνκ΅μ‘ μ νμ°κ΅¬ 28
2.2.1. μΌμμνκ³Ό κ³Όννμ΅μ λν μ νμ°κ΅¬ 28
2.2.2. Vygotskyμ κ³Όνμ κ°λ
λ°λ¬κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ κ³Όνκ΅μ‘ μ νμ°κ΅¬ 36
2.2.3. Deweyμ κ²½νλ‘ κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ κ³Όνκ΅μ‘ μ νμ°κ΅¬ 36
2.3. κ΅μ‘κ³Όμ μ λνλ μΌμμνκ³Όμ μ°κ³ λ° μ΄κ°λ
μ§λ 38
2.4. μ΄λ¦°μ΄λ₯Ό μν κ³Όνκ΅μ‘ 42
2.4.1. κ³Όννμ΅κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μ΄λ¦°μ΄μ νΉμ§ 42
2.4.2. μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄κ°λ
μ λν μ νμ°κ΅¬ 45
3. μ°κ΅¬ 1: (κ°μΈμ μΈ‘λ©΄) μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μ λν 체νλ μΌμκ²½νμ μν κ³Ό νΉμ§ 49
3.1. μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± λ° λͺ©μ 49
3.2. μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ² 50
3.2.1. μ°κ΅¬ λμ 50
3.2.2. μ€λ¬Έ λ¬Έν μ μ 52
3.2.3. μ€λ¬Έ μ‘°μ¬ λ° λΆμ λ°©λ² 58
3.3. νμ μλ΅ λΆμ 60
3.3.1. μ΄ νμμ λν νμμ μ΄ν΄μ μΌμκ²½ν κ°μ μ°κ²° νΉμ§ 60
3.3.2. κ³Όννμ΅κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨νμ¬ μΌμκ²½νμ λν νμμ μκ° 95
3.4. κ²°λ‘ λ° μμ¬μ 99
4. μ°κ΅¬ 2: (μ¬νμ μΈ‘λ©΄) μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μ λν κ΅νλ μΌμκ²½νμ μν κ³Ό νΉμ§ 104
4.1. μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± λ° λͺ©μ 104
4.2. μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬μ λ° μλ£ μμ§ 106
4.3. μλ£ ν΄μ 110
4.4. νμ μλ΅ λΆμ 113
4.4.1. λλ£μμ μ¬νμ μνΈμμ© μ€ νμμ μ견 λ³ν μ΄μ 113
4.4.2. μ¬νμ μνΈμμ© μ€ κ΅νλ μΌμκ²½νμ λ±μ₯ μ ν λ° μ°κ²° νΉμ§ 117
4.5. κ²°λ‘ λ° μμ¬μ 133
5. μ°κ΅¬ 3: μ΄λ±νκ΅ κ³Όνκ³Ό κ΅κ³Όμ©λμ μ΄λ¨μμ μ μλ μΌμκ²½ν λμ
μ νΉμ§ 137
5.1. μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± λ° λͺ©μ 137
5.2. μ°κ΅¬ λμ λ° μ‘°μ¬ λ΄μ© 138
5.3. μ°κ΅¬ κ²°κ³Ό λ° λ
Όμ 141
5.3.1. κ΅κ³Όμμ λνλ μΌμκ²½ν κ΄λ ¨ μμ 141
5.3.2. κ΅μ¬μ©μ§λμμ λνλ μΌμκ²½ν κ΄λ ¨ μ§λ νν© 150
5.4. κ²°λ‘ λ° μμ¬μ 152
6. κ²°λ‘ λ° μ μΈ 155
6.1. μμ½ 155
6.2. κ²°λ‘ λ° μμ¬μ 158
6.3. νμ μ°κ΅¬ κ³Όμ 160
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 162
[λΆλ‘1: μ°κ΅¬ 1] μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μ λν μΌμκ²½νμ μν μ‘°μ¬ μ€λ¬Έμ§ 175
[λΆλ‘2: μ°κ΅¬ 1] μΌμκ²½νμ μν μ€λ¬Έ ν νμ λ©΄λ΄ μ μ¬λ³Έ(μΌλΆ) 182
[λΆλ‘3: μ°κ΅¬ 1] μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬ λμμ 186
[λΆλ‘4: μ°κ΅¬ 1] μ΄λ±νμμ μ΄ νμ μ΄ν΄μ λν μΌμκ²½νμ μν μ‘°μ¬ μ€λ¬Έμ§μ νλΉλ μ κ² μλ’°μ 187
[λΆλ‘5: μ°κ΅¬ 1] μ΄ νμμ λν μ΄λ±νμμ μλ΅ μ΄μ λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό 190
[λΆλ‘6: μ°κ΅¬ 2] μ΄λ±νμμ κ³Όνλ΄ν μ§λ¬Έμ§ 195
[λΆλ‘7: μ°κ΅¬ 2] κ³Όνλ΄ν μ μ¬λ³Έ(μΌλΆ) 202
ABSTRACT 208Docto
Risk factors of osteonecrosis of the jaw after tooth extraction in osteoporotic patients on oral bisphosphonates
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) after tooth extraction in patients with osteoporosis on oral bisphosphonates in Korea and to evaluate local factors affecting the development of BRONJ.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical records of 320 patients who underwent dental extraction while receiving oral bisphosphonates were reviewed. All patients had a healing period of more than 6 months following the extractions. Each patient's clinical record was used to assess the incidence of BRONJ; if BRONJ occurred, a further radiographic investigation was carried out to obtain a more definitive diagnosis. Various local factors including age, gender, extraction site, drug type, duration of administration, and C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) level were retrieved from the patients' clinical records for evaluating their effect on the incidence of BRONJ.
RESULTS: Among the 320 osteoporotic patients who underwent tooth extraction, 11 developed BRONJ, reflecting an incidence rate of 3.44%. Out of the local factors that may affect the incidence of BRONJ, gender, drug type, and CTx level showed no statistically significant effects, while statistically significant associations were found for age, extraction site, and duration of administration. The incidence of BRONJ increased with age, was greater in the mandible than the maxilla, and was associated with a duration of administration of more than 3 years.
CONCLUSION: Tooth extraction in patients on oral bisphosphonates requires careful consideration of their age, the extraction site, and the duration of administration, and close postoperative follow-up should be carried out to facilitate effective early management.ope
Comparative Accuracy of STL Conversion Digital Model of DICOM Files according to CBCT Scanning Protocols
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the digital models from Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of orthodontic diagnostic models by comparing the Digital Imaging & Communication in Medicine (DICOM) file to Stereolithography (STL) conversion data obtained by various voxel sized CBCT machines with the digital model obtained by a 3D optical extraoral scanner.
Materials and Methods: Three orthodontic diagnostic models were scanned with a 3D optical scanner and stored as STL file data. The three models were scanned with the 5 modes which were Object scan (100 ΞΌm), 300, 400 ΞΌm of RAYSCAN Ξ±+ and 300, 390 ΞΌm of Alphard 3030. The DICOM files were converted to STL file data. For each orthodontic model, two digital models obtained by CBCT and optical scanner were paired, and GOM inspect software was used to superimpose and obtain the deviation between two digital models. One way ANOVA test was performed to determine whether there is a statistical difference in the mean value of deviations between digital models by the 5 protocols.
Results: In three diagnostic models, the mean values of the deviations between the digital model of the Object scan (100 ΞΌm) and the digital model of 3D optical scanner were the smallest in comparison with other image protocols and there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). The mean values of the deviations were in the range of 0.0967 ~0.1022 mm. On the other hand, deviations of STL data from 400 ΞΌm of RAYSCAN Ξ±+ showed the largest mean value from 0.4007 to 0.4534 mm.
Conclusions: The STL file data of the Object scan (100 ΞΌm) of RAYSCAN Ξ±+ is more accurate than those of large voxel sized protocols of CBCT. It shows the availability as an orthodontic digital model.ope
μΉμ£Όμ§νμΌλ‘ μ€μΈλ μ μλ μμ λμ μκΈ΄ νΈνμνΌμΈν¬μμ’
Maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma is a relatively rare disease, comprising only 3% of malignant diseases of head and neck. As the growth rate is high and its prognosis is poor compared to others, the 5-year survival rate of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma(MSSCC) is 23.4-49%.
We introduce two rare clinical cases of squamous cell carcinoma originated from maxillary sinus of which symptoms include toothache and gingival swelling. On clinical examinations of both patients, deep periodontal pockets on upper right posterior teeth were detected. On panoramic images, the bony destruction of the maxillary sinus and its surrounding structures were not obvious and only alveolar bone loss was noted. It is difficult to diagnose MSSCC at an early stage due to symptoms of tooth pain and gingival swelling that are similar to that of periodontal diseases. However, if the symptoms do not improve after routine treatment of upper teeth, dentists should bear in mind of underlying malignant mass as differential diagnosis, thus early detection of the lethal disease.
The aim of this study is to caution dental practitioners that malignancies have a potential to mimic periodontal diseases by introducing two cases of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma presented as periodontitis.ope
Morphological analysis of the lower second premolar for age estimation of Korean adults
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the applicability of the pulp/tooth area ratio in the lower premolar teeth using panoramic radiography in age estimation of Korean adults.
METHODS: 402 digital panoramic images of Korean adults between 20 and 78 years were analyzed. Following Cameriere et al.'s method, two observers measured the pulp and tooth areas of the lower second premolar on digital panoramic images, and the ratio of pulp to tooth area in the whole tooth (PTR) was calculated. In addition, the whole tooth was divided into coronal and root parts at the cementoenamel junction, and the ratios in the coronal part (PcCR) and root part (PrRR) were also calculated separately. Independent t-test, Analysis of covariance, linear regression, and the standard error of the estimate (SEE) were computed using statistical software. To justify the use of linear regression models for purposes of prediction, diagnostic tests of principal assumptions were also performed.
RESULTS: Independent t-test revealed significant differences in genders. PrRR produced the best age correlation (male, SEE=10.8; female, SEE=9.8; total, SEE=10.4 years), followed closely by PTR (male, SEE=11.1; female, SEE=10.3; total, SEE=10.7 years) and a relatively lower accuracy for PcCR (male, SEE=14.7; female, SEE=14.4; total, SEE=14.6 years). Model assumptions and accuracy for purposes of prediction in PTR and PrRR were satisfied.
CONCLUSIONS: The pulp/tooth area ratio using panoramic radiography has the potential as an effective tool for age estimation in the Korean adult population, and the pulp/tooth area ratio in the root part is more accurate than that of the whole tooth. Notably, female has shown higher accuracy compare to male subject.restrictio