저항성 운동이 고등학교 골프선수들의 전문체력과 경기수행력에 미치는 영향

Thesis(doctors) --서울대학교 대학원 :체육교육과,2008. 8.Docto

Development of a toroidal CVT control system for agricultural tractor

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :농공학과 농업기계전공,2004.Docto

Improving Positional Accuracy of Car Navigation by Prediction of GPS Signal

학위논문(석사) --서울대학교 대학원 :건설환경공학부, 2009.2.Maste

Translation Theories of Literary Works

Translation has much more complicated problems in itself than in general accepted. Translation is almost impossible and very difficult especially when it comes to translation of literary works. In 1984, the researchers who were involved for many years in the study of literary translation in Gottingen university, Germany, declared with determination that linguistic theories of translation cannot contribute to the translation of literary works basically. We can assume that literary translation is something really subtle and specific. The reason why it is difficult to translate literary works is because literary translation is not a transposition of linguistic cords but is deeply related to cultural factors. For two thousand years traditional(prescientific) translation theory was concerned only with outstanding literary works. The most influential concept in the history of translation is the dichotomy of word and sense, which traditional translation theory never managed to overcome, and which still besets translation theory today. It was Cicero in the first century BC who departed from the dogma that translation necessarily consisted of word-for-word rendering and so formulated the alternative: "Non ut interpres … sed ut orator". For the next two thousand years translation theory was mainly limited to a heated discussion of this dichotomy. Well over a thousand years later, in 1530, M. Luther was to fight a similar battle with the Church authorities of his time over the translation of the Bible into Germany. He defended the same basic principles as St. Jerome's, but his words were a good deal more aggressive. The debate over the merits of the "faithful" and the "free" - the latter culminating in the "belles infideles" - continued to rage in Europe, and it found eloquent expression in Germany during the early years of the 19th century, when translation blossomed again with the romantic movement. After the announcement of Schleichermacher's well known treatise "Ueber die verschiedenen Methoden des Übersetzens(1813)" the emphasis has shifted from the category "not … but" to the more tolerant alternative "either … or". Schleichermacher makes it clear in his treatise that favours the Method of Verfremdung, or translation that is faithful to the original. Apart from the polarized approach represented in the dichotomy, translation theory also presented the means of differenciating and categorizing translation types. This approach was the one adopted by Dryden (l680). Here he distinguishes between metaphrase and imitation; between these two extremes is paraphrase. The two dominated methods in translation studies recently are those focused on primarily literary works, rejecting theoretical presuppositions, normative rules and linguistic method and those focused on linguistic matters, claiming a scientific approach and rejecting alogical solutions and subjective speculation. Naturally literary translation dismissed any scientific linguistic analysis; linguists dismissed non-scientific literary analysis. The Prague Structuralists viewed texts as incorporated within semiotic networks and languages as codes of complex language elements that are confined according to certain rule. Levy also incorporated the interpretive aspect into his translation theory, basing such deduction upon W. Quine's hypothesis that translation meaning can be logically interpreted

프로골프선수와 일반인의 척추 및 근·골격계의 평형성에 관한 비교 연구

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :체육교육과,2003.Maste

Establishment of an acaricide-susceptible Tetranychus urticae strain and its species confirmation based on morphological and molecular characters

Acquisition of a reference Tetranychus strain that is completely susceptible to acaricides and retains an identical genetic background to acaricide-resistant strains is an essential step in elucidating mechanisms of resistance. To establish a strain completely susceptible to various acaricides, we collected Tetranychus mite populations from several regions in South Korea, including both remote and heavily cultivated regions. We tested their suitability as a susceptible reference strain by determining baseline susceptibility to six acaricides and by determining species identity as Tetranychus urticae. The UD strain, originally collected from a remote island region, was found to be most susceptible to all five major acaricides tested and was confirmed to as T. urticae on the basis of both morphological and molecular evidence. Moreover, molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the UD strain is an ancestral strain of other prevalently collected green-type strains. Taken together, we propose that the UD strain can be used as a susceptible reference strain for T. urticae resistance studies as it provides baseline susceptibility to acaricides and possesses a common genetic background with most other acaricide-resistant strains. © 2011 Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), which is a worldwide economic pest on various crops. The isolated loci were polymorphic, with 3-15 alleles in 40 individuals from four regional populations in Korea. The analyses revealed that 40 individuals had different multilocus genotypes, with the expected heterozygosity ranging from 0. 133 to 0. 899. Eight of the ten loci did not deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The isolated markers will facilitate population genetic studies of S. exigua. © 2012 The Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology

Two new records of the genus Cryptaphis Hille Ris Lambers (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Korea

The genus Cryptaphis Hille Ris Lambers 1947 is described for the first time in Korea with new records of two species, Cryptaphis geranicola (Shinji 1935) and Cryptaphis menthae Takahashi 1961. Cryptaphis geranicola was collected from Geranium thunbergii (Lamiaceae) and C. menthae was collected from Isodon inflexus (Lamiaceae). Important characteristics are re-described, illustrated, and measured in apterous and alate viviparous females. © 2011 Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society

Morphometric relationship, phylogenetic correlation, and character evolution in the species-rich genus Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Background: The species-rich genus Aphis consists of more than 500 species, many of them host-specific on a wide range of plants, yet very similar in general appearance due to convergence toward particular morphological types. Most species have been historically clustered into four main phenotypic groups (gossypii, craccivora, fabae, and spiraecola groups). To confirm the morphological hypotheses between these groups and to examine the characteristics that determine them, multivariate morphometric analyses were performed using 28 characters measured/counted from 40 species. To infer whether the morphological relationships are correlated with the genetic relationships, we compared the morphometric dataset with a phylogeny reconstructed from the combined dataset of three mtDNA and one nuclear DNA regions. Principal Findings: Based on a comparison of morphological and molecular datasets, we confirmed morphological reduction or regression in the gossypii group unlike in related groups. Most morphological characteristics of the gossypii group were less variable than for the other groups. Due to these, the gossypii group could be morphologically well separated from the craccivora, fabae, and spiraecola groups. In addition, the correlation of the rates of evolution between morphological and DNA datasets was highly significant in their diversification. Conclusions: The morphological separation between the gossypii group and the other species-groups are congruent with their phylogenetic relationships. Analysis of trait evolution revealed that the morphological traits found to be significant based on the morphometric analyses were confidently correlated with the phylogeny. The dominant patterns of trait evolution resulting in increased rates of short branches and temporally later evolution are likely suitable for the modality of Aphis speciation because they have adapted species-specifically, rapidly, and more recently on many different host plants. © 2010 Kim et al