55 research outputs found
Development of retargetable binutils based on architecture description language
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬) --μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μ κΈ°. μ»΄ν¨ν°κ³΅νλΆ, 2009.2.Maste
Relationships between Supervisor Trust, Organizational Trust and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediational Role of Organizational Commitment
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ§λ°©μμΉλ¨μ²΄(κ΄μ)μ ꡬμ±μμ λμμΌλ‘ μμ¬μ λ’°, μ‘°μ§μ λ’°μ μ‘°μ§μλ―Όνλ(OCB)κ³Όμ μΈκ³Όκ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ΄λΌλ νλλ³μλ₯Ό 맀κ°λ³μλ‘ νμ¬ μ΄ν΄λ³΄μλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ λΆμκ²°κ³Όλ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ μμ½, μ 리ν μ μλ€. 첫째, μ‘°μ§κ΅¬μ±μμ΄ μ§κ°νλ μ‘°μ§μ λ’°, μμ¬μ λ’° μ€ μ‘°μ§μ λ’°λ§μ΄ μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μλμλ€. λμ§Έ, μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ OCBμ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯λ ₯μ κ°μ§λ κ²μΌλ‘ λΆμλμλ€. μ
μ§Έ, μ‘°μ§μ λ’°, μμ¬μ λ’°μ OCBμμ μΈκ³Όκ΄κ³μμλ μμ¬μ λ’°λ§μ΄ OCBμ ν΅κ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λμΌλ‘ μ‘°μ§μ λ’°λ§μ΄ μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ λΆλΆλ§€κ°λ‘ νμ¬ OCBμ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μλμλ€. This research examines the nature of the causal relationships between trust (organizational trust, supervisor trust) and the mediating role of organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior. Using a sample of 547 local government employees in South Korea, this study analyzes three alternative hypotheses centered around trust, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. The results show that organizational trust has a strong positive effect on organizational commitment. Second, organizational commitment is positively related to organizational citizenship behavior. Third, supervisor trust is positively related to organizational citizenship behavior. Finally, organizational trust is positively related to mediating role of organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior. This study recommends supervisor trust, organizational trust and organizational commitment be valued in order to increase the organizational citizenship behavior vital for organizational effectiveness or productivity.μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ 2007λ
λ μ λΆμ¬μ(κ΅μ‘μΈμ μμλΆ νμ μ°κ΅¬μ‘°μ±μ¬μ
λΉ)μΌλ‘ νκ΅νμ μ§ν₯μ¬λ¨μ μ§μμ λ°μ μ°κ΅¬λμμ
The effect of transformational leadership and transactional leadership on job satisfaction: mediating role of supervisor trust in local government, South Korea.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ λΆνκ° μΈμνλ μμ¬μ λ³νμ , κ±°λμ 리λμμ΄ μ λ’°λ₯Ό 맀κ°λ‘νμ¬ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ ꡬ쑰방μ μ λͺ¨νμ ν΅ν΄ λΆμν΄ λ³΄μλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ λΆμκ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ 리νλ©΄ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, λ³νμ , κ±°λμ 리λμμ μμ¬μ λ’°μ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μλμλ€. λμ§Έ, μμ¬μ λ’°λ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ κΈμ μ μΈ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λΆμλμλ€. μ
μ§Έ, λ³νμ , κ±°λμ 리λμκ³Ό μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±κ³Όμ κ΄κ³μμ μμ¬μ λ’°λ μ μμ κ²½μ°μλ λΆλΆλ§€κ°λ³μ(partial mediation variable), νμμ λ³μμλ μμ 맀κ°λ³μ(full mediation variable)λ‘μμ μν μ κ°κ° μννλ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μλμλ€. This paper examines the causal relation between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and job satisfaction, focusing on the mediating variable of supervisor trust. The results of this study are as follows. First, transformational leadership and transactional leadership were positively related to supervisor trust. Then, supervisor trust was positively related to job satisfaction. Finally, transformational leadership had a direct positive relation to job satisfaction, but transactional leadership did not. Transformational leadership and transactional leadership were positively related to job satisfaction through the mediating supervisor trust variable. This study suggests organizational leaders or managers should take great interest in charisma, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration in order to increase the job satisfaction of the organization's employees with respect to long-term strategies. In terms of short-term strategies they suggest the importance of fair compensation (or evaluation) for employee job performance based on the exchange between supervisor and employee
A Study on the role of Korean ministers
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :νμ νκ³Ό νμ ν μ 곡,2001.Docto
The Mediating Effect of Trust in Supervisors in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Affective Organizational Commitment
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ§λ°©μμΉλ¨μ²΄μ ꡬμ±μμ λΆμκΈ°μ€μΌλ‘ μΌμ, κ·Έ ꡬμ±μλ€μ΄ μΈμνλ μμ¬μ λ³νμ 리λμμ΄ μμ¬μ λ’°μ μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ κ°κ° μ΄λ ν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ μ§μ λν΄ λΆμνμλ€. λν 맀κ°λ³μμΈ μμ¬μ λ’°κ° λ³νμ 리λμ (λ
립λ³μ)κ³Ό μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
(μ’
μλ³μ)κ³Όμ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ μλ―Ένκ² λ§€κ°νκ³ μλμ§λ₯Ό κ²ν νμλ€. λΆμκ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μμ½νλ©΄ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, λ³νμ 리λμμ μμ¬μ λ’°μ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λμ§Έ, λ³νμ 리λμμ μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λΆμλμλ€. μ
μ§Έ, μμ¬μ λ’°λ μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
μ μ μλ―Έν μ (+)μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. ννΈ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ λΆμκ²°κ³Ό 맀κ°λ³μμΈ μμ¬μ λ’°λ λ³νμ 리λμκ³Ό μ‘°μ§λͺ°μ
κ³Όμ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό λΆλΆλ§€κ° (partial mediation)νκ³ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μλμλ€. μ΄ κ°μ λΆμκ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό ν λλ‘ μ΄λ‘ μ , μ μ±
μ ν¨μκ° λ
Όμλμλ€.This study examines whether transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on trust in supervisor and affective organizational commitment, and whether trust in supervisor is positively related to affective organizational commitment. The study also examines whether trust in supervisor mediates the effects of transformational leadership on affective organizational commitment. The results are as follows. First of all, transformational leadership is positively related to trust in supervisor. Secondly, transformational leadership is positively related to affective organizational commitment. Third, trust in supervisor is positively related to affective organizational commitment. Finally, trust in supervisor partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and affective organizational commitment. Theoretical and practical implications for these findings are discussed
Radiological evaluation of facial bone fracture
μνκ³Ό/μμ¬[νκΈ]λ³Έ μ°μΈμλ£μμμ 1964λ
λΆν° 10λ
κ° μ면골골μ λ‘ μ§λ¨μ λ°μ 113μμ λνμ¬ μ°λ Ή, μ±λ³λΆν¬ λ° μ¬κ³ μ μμΈμ λΆλ₯ κ³ μ°°νμμΌλ©° μ΄λ€μ€ λκ°κ³¨ μ λ©΄ λ° μΈ‘λ©΄μμ μ»μ μ μμλ 101μμ λνμ¬ λ°©μ¬μ νμ κ³ μ°°μ νμλ€.
1. μ면골골μ μ λ¨μμκ²μ νμ ν λ§μ 81.4%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§νμκ³ νΉν 20λμ λ¨μμκ²μ κ°μ₯ λ§μ λΉλλ₯Ό λνλλ€.
2. μ¬κ³ μ μμΈμ μλμ°¨μ¬κ³ μ체μ μν κ²μ΄ 19.5%, μ°μ
μ¬ν΄μ μν κ²μ΄ 15.9%, ννμ μν κ²μ΄ 14.3%μ μμΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€.
3, μ면골골μ μ€μμλ νμ
골골μ μ΄ κ°μ₯ λ§μ 53.4%μμ λ°μνμμΌλ©° μμ골골μ μ΄ 32.6%, λΉκ³¨κ³¨μ μ΄ 29.7%, νκΆκ³¨μ μ΄ 25..7%, μμ
골골μ μ΄ 24.7%μμ λνλ¬λ€.
4. λκ°κ³¨ μ λ©΄ λ° μΈ‘λ©΄μμμ λνλ μ면골골μ μμ μ¬λ¬κ°μ§μμ μ’
ν©νμ¬ μ»μ μ면골골μ μλ₯Ό λΉκ΅νμ¬ λ³΄λ©΄ νμ
골골μ μ 54..3%μ€ 52.5%μμ λνλ κ±°μ λλΆλΆμ΄ λ°κ²¬λμκ³ μ¬κ³¨κ³¨μ μ 8.9%μ€ 7.9%μμ, μ λ골 μμ
λ기골μ μ 7.9%μ€ 6.9%μμ, λΉκ³¨μ
λλ΄ν©μ λΆλ¦¬λ 8.9%μ€ 7.9%μμ λνλ μ΄κ³¨μ μ λκ°κ³¨ μ λ©΄ λ° μΈ‘λ©΄μμμ μ 보μλ€.
5. Water μ¨μμ νμ
골골μ , μ¬κ³¨κ³¨μ , λΉκ³¨κ³¨μ λ° λΉκ³¨μ λλ΄ν©μ λΆλ¦¬λ₯Ό μ μΈνκ³ μλ κ±°μ λͺ¨λ μ면골골μ λ€μ΄ μ λ°κ²¬λλ μμμ νμΈνμλ€.
6. λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μμμ μ면골골μ μ λ²μμ μ°κ΄μ±μ μ λνλ΄μ΄μ£Όκ³ νμ
골μ μ€νλκΈ°μ κ³ΌμλκΈ°μ 골μ λ° μμ골μ Blow Out골μ μ νμΈνλλ° λ§μ λμμ΄ λμλ€.
7. μμ
λμ μμμ¦κ°λ κ·ΈνΈμ μ면골골μ μ κ°λ₯μ±μ μλ―Ένλ λ§€μ° μ€μν μ¦νμμ νμΈνμλ€.
[μλ¬Έ]Radiological Evaluation of Facial Bone Fracture
Ho Kyun Kim
Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University
(Directed by Professor Byung Sook Choi, M.D.)
On the basis of radiological positive findings of 101 cases, facial bone fractures are analysed according to the location and predilection of fracture site with the other adjoining facial bone fractures by force being observed, as follows;
1. The incidence of facial bone fracture is markedly prominent in the males, 81.4%, compare with the females, and the most frequent age group is 3rd decade, 26.6%
2. Among the causes of accident, the car accidents are most frequent, of which percentage is 19.5% and the other causes of accidents are as follows ; read users and pedestrians is 18.6%, falls 17.7%, industrial 15.9%, assualt 14.3% and motor and bicycles 8.8%.
3. Among the facial bone fractures, visible on various view, the mandibular fractures are most common, of which percentage is 53.4% and the other facial bone fractures in order of frequency, as follows ; orbital wall fracture is 32.6%, nasal bone fracture 29.7%, fracture of zygomatic arch 26.6% and maxillar fracture 24.7%.
4. Comparing the percentage of visible facial bone fracture on skull AP and lateral view with that of the facial bone fracture taken on various views ; the mandibular fracture is found in 52.5% on skull AP and lateral view out of 53.4% on various views, ethmoid fracture in 7.9% out of 8.9%, maxillary process fracture of frontal bone in 6.9% out of 7.9% and the nasofrontal suture separation in 5.9% out of 6.9%, and the skull AP and lateral view are most helpful for detection of above fractures.
5. On Water's view most of the facial bone fractures are detected, except the fractures of the mandible, ethmoid and nasal bones and nasofrontal suture separations. One of the two cases of the maxillary bone fractures which is not visualized on Water's view is the alveolar portion of the maxillary bone, which is
however visualized on the skull lateral view.
6. Tomography is necessary to evaluate the continuity and extensibility of facial bone fracture, and confirm the fractures of coronoid and condyloid process of mandible and orbital blow out fracture.
7. The maxillary bone fracture are frequently associated with the facial bone fractures on the same side, such as inferior wall of orbit in 84.0%, zygomatic arch in 56.0%, malar part of zygoma in 56.0% and frontozygomatic suture separation in 48.9%.
8. Among the subsequent case of increased haziness in the maxillary antrum, the incidence of facial bone fractures are markedly increased on the same side and the haziness may be from post traumatic edema, exudate and hemorrhage in the maxillary
sinus.
9. By the skull AP, lateral and Water's view, the most of the facial bone fractures are detected except nasal bone fracture due to improper angle of central beam and different densities, however the accurate location and extension of various facial bone fractures, such as the fractures of zygomatic arch, coronoid
and condyloid process of mandible, maxillary bone and orbital wall and blow out fractures may only be definitely visualized on the special view, such as zygomatic arch view, TM joint view of the mandible, optic foramen view and tomography.restrictio
- β¦