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    ํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์–ธ๋ก ์ •๋ณดํ•™๊ณผ, 2019. 2. ์ด์ค€ํ™˜.[์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ] ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ๋‰ด์Šค ์†Œ๋น„ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜ ๋‚˜๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ๊ณต์—์„œ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ , ๋งฅ๋ฝ์  ์ฐจ์ด ๋กœ์ธํ•ด๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ์ž‘์€ํ™”๋ฉด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์ƒ์—์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์—๋Š”์ข…์ข…์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์›น ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ์›น ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ„์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค ์ด ์›น ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ, ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ์ €์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋Š” ํˆดํ‚ท์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. [์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ ] ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ธฐ ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณง ๋””์ž์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜•ํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ํŒจํ„ด๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ณผ์ • ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ฐ€์‹œ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ์žฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ํŽ˜์ดํผ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘ ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. [์—ฐ๊ตฌ 1] ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค์™€ ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ €๋„ ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•œ 104๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์ด๋ก ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ˜• ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฌผ, ๋™์ž‘, ์ „๋žต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€, ๋™์ž‘์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€, ์ „๋žต์€ ๊ทธ ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋œ๋‹ค. [์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2] ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋” ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ํŽ˜์ดํผ ํ”„๋กœ ํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘ ์›Œํฌ์ˆ(n=20)์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์›Œํฌ์ˆ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ์Šคํฌํ†ฑ ๋ฒ„์ „์˜ ๋ฐ ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ž‘์€ ํ™”๋ฉด ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ดํผ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘ ๋ฐ ๋””์ž์ธ ํˆดํ‚ท์ด ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๋„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ๋“ค์„ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์˜๋„๋“ค์€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ขํ˜€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ธฐ, ๊ธธ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ€์‹œ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ, ์ •๋ณด ์†Œ์‹ค์˜ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘ ์šฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์˜ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. [ํ•จ์˜] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐ ์‹ค์šฉ์  ํ•จ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.[Background] Small screen devices (e.g., smartphones) are one of the prominent news channels these days. Similarly, the mobile market is also an active place for news articles with data visualization. However, presenting those articles on small screen devices is often challenged due to physical and environmental differences. In the field of web development, developers tend to start with desktop versions to provide web documents for multiple types of devices. Considering that visual articles are mostly presented in a web environment, a design toolkit is needed to transition news articles with data visualization from large to small screen devices. [Research Goal] A design space that organizes various design patterns can be a solution to this problem for two reasons. First, it contains design patterns which refer to repeatedly used design methods, so authors can effectively apply previous design methods to their works. Second, a well-structured design space can function as a framework for design process by categorizing the design patterns. Therefore, we conducted a design space analysis in order to derive a reusable design space for the transition of news articles with data visualization from large to small screen de- vices. The design space can be more useful when there are guides to use it, so we also conducted two paper-prototyping workshop sessions in order to derive design implications. [Study 1] For the design space analysis, we reviewed 104 news articles with data visualization from the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal through a mixed method of content analysis and open-coding. The resultant design space consists of three dimensions: targets, actions, and strategies. Targets refer to what to change, actions indicate how to change, and strategies guide the likely impact of a change. [Study 2] To make the design space more useful, two paper-prototyping work- shops (n=20) were operated with a task of transitioning the desktop versions of news articles with data visualization to mobile versions. The participants were also given prototyping toolkits. From the workshops, I could derive four design implications: narrowing down for quick insights, making shorter for length and visibility, interac- tively compensating for information reduction, and making readers curious of next. [Implication] Finally, the proposed design space has both theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, it enriches the discussions on design spaces of visualiza- tion by adding a device factor and connecting it to previously emphasized concepts. Practically, this offers a design-thinking convention for data visualization on multiple device platforms.I. Introduction ............................... 1 II. LiteratureReview ............................ 5 2.1 Differences between Small and Large Screen Devices . . . . . . . . 5 2.1.1 PhysicalDifferences ..................... 5 2.1.2 ContextualDifferences.................... 8 2.2 Previous Attempts for the Large-to-Small Transition . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.1 Web:ResponsiveTechnology ................ 11 2.2.2 Approaches in Information Visualization . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3 SolutionthroughaDesignSpace................... 15 2.3.1 From the Perspective of Visual Storytelling . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3.2 To the Problem-Solving through a Design Space . . . . . . 19 III. Study1:DesignSpaceAnalysis..................... 24 3.1 Method ................................ 24 3.1.1 Samples............................ 25 3.1.2 Top-Down:ContentAnalysis................. 27 3.1.3 Bottom-up: Grounded Approach Open-Coding . . . . . . . 29 3.1.4 Synchronization ....................... 29 3.2 Large-to-SmallTransitionCases ................... 29 3.2.1 USCabinet .......................... 30 3.2.2 Megabank........................... 32 3.2.3 StartupStocks ........................ 35 3.3 Design Space for the Transition of News Articles with Data Visual- izationfromLargetoSmallScreenDevices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3.1 Dimension1:Target-WhattoChange . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3.2 Dimension2:Action-HowtoChange. . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.3.3 Dimension3:Strategy-AfterChanging . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.4 Discussion............................... 46 3.4.1 DirectionofChanges..................... 46 3.4.2 WhentoTransition...................... 48 IV. Study2:Paper-prototypingWorkshop................. 50 4.1 Method ................................ 50 4.1.1 Participants.......................... 50 4.1.2 Tasksandtools ........................ 52 4.1.3 Procedure........................... 54 4.1.4 Materials ........................... 55 4.1.5 Analysis ........................... 57 4.2 Evaluation............................... 57 4.3 Design Implications for a More Guided Use of the Design Space . . 58 4.3.1 DI1:NarrowDowntoGiveQuickInsights . . . . . . . . . 59 4.3.2 DI2:MakeShorterforLengthandVisibility . . . . . . . . 62 4.3.3 DI 3: Interactively Compensate Reduced Information . . . . 64 4.3.4 DI4:MakeReadersCuriousofNext . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.4 Discussion............................... 67 4.4.1 NotConformingButFine-Tuning .............. 67 4.4.2 Design Space and Design Pattern Cards in HCI Education . 68 V. Conclusion ................................ 70 References ................................... 72 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Maste

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    Docto

    ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์ธ์‚ฌ์ œ๋„ ํ˜์‹  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–‰์ •์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์ธ์‚ฌ์ œ๋„ ์ค‘ ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ๋„์˜ ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ œ๋„ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์™ธ์ ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋…ธ๋ น์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ์ฒญ๋…„์‹ค์—…์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฌธ์ œํ™” ๋“ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์‘ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์€ ๋ณด์ง๋ถ€์ ์‘ ํ•ด๊ณ , ๋งค๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ง€, ํƒ„๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ธ์‚ฌ์šด์˜ ๋“ฑ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. - ์ดํ›„ ์ƒ๋žต์ œ1์žฅ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ง 1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 2) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  2 3) ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํšจ๊ณผ 3 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฒ”์œ„ 3 2) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 4 ์ œ2์žฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…๋™ํ–ฅ 5 1. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ฒ€ํ†  5 1) ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋„์ž… ๋ชฉ์  5 2) ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  6 3) ์ˆœํ™˜๋ณด์ง ๊ด€ํ–‰์˜ ์ง€์†์›์ธ 8 2. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ์ •์ฑ…๋™ํ–ฅ 9 1) ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ๋„ 9 2) ์ „๋ณด์ œํ•œ์ œ๋„ 11 3) ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ œ๋„(CDP, Career Development Program) 11 4) ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋ฌดํœด์ง์ œ๋„ 13 3. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 14 1) ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋… 14 2) ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ธ์‚ฌ์šด์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 16 4. ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฐ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ด€์  17 ์ œ3์žฅ ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„ ๋ณด์ง๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ œ๋„ ์šด์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  18 1. ์ธ๋ ฅํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  18 2. ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ง์œ„ ์šด์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  23 3. ๋ณด์ง๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ ์ธ์‚ฌ์šด์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  27 4. ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ๋„ ์šด์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  31 ์ œ4์žฅ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ 33 1. ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ œ๋„ ์šด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 33 1) ๊ด€์„ธ์ฒญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ œ๋„ ์šด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 33 2) ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ œ๋„ ๋„์ž… ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 39 2. ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ๋„ ์šด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 43 1) ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 43 2) ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ ์šด์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” 44 3) ์ „๋ฌธ๊ด€ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ 46 ์ œ5์žฅ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ธ์‚ฌ์ œ๋„ ํ˜์‹ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 49 1. ์ธ์‚ฌ์ œ๋„ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 49 1) ์ง๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 50 2) ๊ณต์ง๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์ฒด๊ณ„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 53 2. ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„ ์ธ์‚ฌ์ œ๋„ ํ˜์‹  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 58 1) ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์œ„์ œ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 58 2) ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 64 3) ์ง๋ ฌ์žฌ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 75 4) ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ตฐ์ œ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 83 ์ œ6์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์ œ์–ธ 95 1. ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  95 2. ์ •์ฑ…์ œ์–ธ 96 3. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ณผ์ œ 100 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 10

    A Sudy on Presidential Leadership and Policy Agenda Setting Pattern : A Content Analysis of Korean Presidential Addresses

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ด๋…์ด ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ ์„ค์ •์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ์™”๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค๊ฐ„ ์˜์ œ์„ค์ •์˜ ์–‘ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค์˜ ์˜์ œ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ ์„ค์ •์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ณด์ˆ˜์  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค์ด ์ง„๋ณด์  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–‘์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด ์™”๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ ์„ค์ •์˜ ์–‘ํƒœ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ€์น˜์ฒด๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜์‹, ์ •์น˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‘œ๋ช…๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค์˜ ์ทจ์ž„์‚ฌ, ์‹ ๋…„์‚ฌ, ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋…์‚ฌ, ๊ตญํšŒ์—ฐ์„ค, ๋Œ€๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋‹ดํ™”์— ํ•œ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ 435๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋“ค์„ ์ž๋ฃŒํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜์ œ์„ค์ •์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋…์„ฑํ–ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜์ œํ˜•์„ฑ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์ฆ‰ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋ก ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋„ ์‹ฌ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜์ œ์„ค๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ด๋…์„ฑํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€, ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€, ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์ „ ๋ฐ ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„๋„ ์œ ํšจํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.This study aims to trace the agenda-setting pattern of Korean presidents, and find out its intrinsic meaning under the assumption that the contents of presidential agendasetting is remarkably influenced by individual presidents ideological commitment and pursuit of partisan value. This study analyzed inaugural addresses, New Year's addresses, commemorative addresses, speeches at the National Assembly, and public discourse. According to the analysis, conservative presidents like President Lee tends to consistently emphasize the values of freedom and unification against the threat of North Korea. It is President Kim Daejung who emphasized the importantance of the welfare issue during his presidential address. The agenda-setting pattern seems to be influenced by ideological commitment as well as the demands of the times.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2012๋…„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ธฐ๋ก๊ด€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง€์›๋น„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ

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    Thesis(master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์•ฝํ•™๊ณผ ์˜์•ฝ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต,2006.Maste

    Trends of sedation practices and analysis of affecting factors using the Korean Healthcare Bigdata

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    1. ๋ชฉ ์  ์น˜๊ณผ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์น˜๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ณตํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์กฐ์ ˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์กฐ์ ˆ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์€ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜, ๊ฐ„ํ˜น ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์น˜๊ณผ์—์„œ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์น˜๊ณผ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์น˜๊ณผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์ œ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋กœ ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ „์ฒด ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์  ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜์‹ฌ์‚ฌํ‰๊ฐ€์› ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. 2. ๋ฐฉ ๋ฒ• ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜์‹ฌ์‚ฌํ‰๊ฐ€์›์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์น˜๊ณผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ์•ฝ๋ฌผ8 ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  2007๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„ 9์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ์ง„์ • ์•ฝํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์น˜๊ณผ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๋ช…์„ธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„, ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ณ„, ํ™˜์ž๋ณ„ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹คํƒœ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ์š”์ธ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด 2007๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„ 9์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์น˜๊ณผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ™˜์ž ์ˆ˜๋Š” 786,003๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ 1,649,688๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝํ’ˆ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ ์ค‘ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ(N2O)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 86.81%๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์˜ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋…„๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ๋‹จ๋…, ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ(Midazolam) ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์ ์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ(Chloral hydrate)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋…์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ์–‘์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ™˜์ž ๋‚˜์ด์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ 2007๋…„์—์„œ 0-2์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด 2019๋…„์—๋Š” 8-15์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„์ •์•ฝ์ œ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ 1ํšŒ ์ง„์ •์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์ง„์ •ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์˜€๋‹ค. โ€ƒ 4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  ๋ณดํ—˜์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜์‹ฌ์‚ฌํ‰๊ฐ€์›์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์ œ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ƒ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ •๋ณด ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์•ฝ์ œ์ธ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์ ์ฐจ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์ ์šฉ ๋‚˜์ด๋„ ์ ์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์„ ์ค‘์š”์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š”์–ด : ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์น˜๊ณผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•, ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํ•™ ๋ฒˆ : 2018-38498Introduction Dentists have used various behavioral control methods to manage people's anxiety and fear about dental treatment. Among these behavior control methods, sedation, which is a control method with drugs, is very useful, but sometimes it causes serious side effects and causes social issues. Therefore, it would be meaningful to regularly check the actual conditions of sedation in actual clinicians. In particular, the emergence of medical-related big data makes it possible to more advantageously investigate the actual condition of all data, unlike in the past. Therefore, in this study, we tried to understand the actual situation of the complaints law using big data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), which has not yet been implemented in Korea. Methods: Eight types of representative drugs that can be used for dental sedation were presented in the Healthcare Bigdata Hub (HBH) provided by the HIRA, and from January 2007 to September 2019, dentists with a record of using this sedative drug All of the patient's health insurance claim statements were requested. Using this data, check statistics by type of sedation drug and statistics by year, region, medical institution, and patient. In addition, we try to infer the contributing factors that may affect the actual situation of this petition. Results: According to the analysis of the provided data, from January 2007 to September 2019, the number of patients who received dental sedation was 786,003, and a total of 1,649,688 cases of sedation were performed. Inhalational sedation using nitrous oxide (N2O) accounted for most of the sedatives that can be charged for medical treatment. In particular, from 2014, when insurance claims for nitrous oxide drugs became possible, it was confirmed that the number of claims under the complaints law rapidly increased. By type of sedative agent, the use of nitrous oxide alone and the mixed use of nitrous oxide and midazolam showed an increasing trend, and in the case of chloral hydrate, both single and mixed use showed a gradual decrease. It was confirmed that this trend appeared as a common pattern nationwide over time. In terms of the age of patients receiving sedation, the most common age was 0-2 in 2007, but it gradually increased over time, and in 2019, the highest number was 8-15 years old. Although the number of medical institutions implementing the sedation method is continuously increasing, it is insufficient to satisfy the increasing number of patients with the sedation method. Due to the nature of sedative drugs that are used increasingly, the duration of one sedation decreased and the number of sedations increased. Conclusion: In the case of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation, where insurance is applied and usage records are submitted to the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, it was possible to analyze medical information using detailed and massive data. According to the analysis, the use of nitrous oxide and midazolam, which are highly safe drugs, is gradually increasing, while the use of chloral hydrate is gradually decreasing. As the age at which the sedation method was applied gradually increased, it was confirmed that the sedation method was changing in a direction that emphasized safety. Keywords : Healthcare Bigdata, Dental Sedation, Nitrous oxide. Student Number : 2018-38498์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  15 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 16 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 23 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ณ  ์ฐฐ 64 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  75 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 76 Abstract 83 ํ‘œ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ . [ํ‘œ 1] ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ์•ฝ๋ฌผ 8 ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์•ฝํ’ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ ๋ชฉ๋ก 18 [ํ‘œ 2] 8๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์•ฝ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋ชฉ๋ก 21 [ํ‘œ 3] ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ๋ณ„ ํ™˜์ž ํ‰๊ท  ๋‚˜์ด 27 [ํ‘œ 4] ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ํ™˜์ž์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋น„์œจ(๊ธฐ๊ฐ„: 2007๋…„ 1์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„ 9์›” 30์ผ๊นŒ์ง€) 29 [ํ‘œ 5] ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ์ง„์ž…, ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์น˜๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ˆ˜(ํ•œ ํ•ด 10๊ฑด ์ด์ƒ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ถ„์„) 55 [ํ‘œ 6] ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›์€ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ํ™˜์ž ์ˆ˜ (๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ : 2007 . 1 ~ 2019 . 9) 62 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ . [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1] ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ถ”์ถœ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค 19 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ™˜์ž ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 24 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์˜ ์ผ๋ณ„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 31 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ4] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 31 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง„์ • ์•ฝ์ œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋“ค์˜ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๋น„์œจ 32 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ์•ฝ์ œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 34 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7] ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ ๋ฐ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 35 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8] ์ „์ฒด ์ง„์ • ๊ฑด์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋ถ„์„ 37 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9] ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋น„๋ก€ ์ง„์ • ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋น„์œจ 38 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ 40 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 11] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ 41 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 12] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์ง„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ 42 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ13] ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์ง„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ง„์ • ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ถ”์ด 48 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 14] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ 49 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 15] ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์›๊ธ‰ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ์˜ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 51 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 16] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ•์˜ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์‹œํ–‰ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 53 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 17] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํก์ž…์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ๋‹จ๋… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ ๋‚˜์ด๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 57 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 18] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ํด๋กœ๋ž„ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์ง„์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ ๋‚˜์ด๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 58 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 19] ์•„์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ๋žŒ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ ๋‚˜์ด๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 59 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 20] ์•ฝ์ œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ 61 [๊ทธ๋ฆผ 21] ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‹น ์ง„์ •๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›์€ ํšŸ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 63๋ฐ•

    ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ „๊ธฐยท์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2013. 8. ํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์›….์ฐจ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๊ณต์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด, nm ๊ธ‰ 450mm ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์›จ์ดํผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ ์šฉ ์‹œ์ ์ด ๊ณง ๋„๋ž˜ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค 1.5๋ฐฐ ํ™•๋Œ€๋œ ๋” ํฐ ๋ฉด์ ์—์„œ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ€๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ณผ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์–ด๋„ 450mm ์›จ์ดํผ ์ „๋ฉด์ ์—์„œ 5% ์ด๋‚ด์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„ ๊ท ์ผ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฉ์ „ ์ค‘ ๋†’์€ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ €์••์—์„œ๋„ ์ž˜ ๋™์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์†Œ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์žฅ๋น„์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์†Œ์Šค๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘, ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ (ICP) ์— ์•ฝํ•œ ์ž์žฅ์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์Šค์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ฝ์ž์žฅ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฑด์‹ ์‹๊ฐ ์‹œ์— ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฒ•(LIF)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋‚ด ์‰ฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์˜ DC ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ RF ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ LIF ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์„ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ „์‚ฐ ๋ชจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์ด ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์Šคํƒ€ํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐด๋“œ๋งŒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐด๋“œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฒœ์ด ํ™•๋ฅ ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ LIF ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ICP ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์— RF ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์— ์‰ฌ์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฉด์ด ๊ทธ ์œ„์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ICP ์— ์ž์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‰ฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ž์žฅ์ด ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋ฐ€๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๋ฅผ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์— ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์‹๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„์™€ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ์†Œ์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ ˆ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด์˜จ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด ๋‘˜์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ(CCP) ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, CCP ์— ์•ฝํ•œ ์ž์žฅ์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์•ฝํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ICP ์—์„œ๋„ CCP์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ICP ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋ก ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, CCP์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ICP ์—์„œ๋„ ์•ฝํ•œ ์ž์žฅ์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‘ ์†Œ์Šค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ค„์–ด ๋“œ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ICP ์™€ ์•ฝ์ž์žฅ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์‚ฌ์ด (M-ICP) ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์–ด ์ง„๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ICP ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์ •์ƒ์  ํ‘œํ”ผ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, M-ICP ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŒŒ๋™์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ R-wave ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. R-wave ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ wave ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ํšจ์œจ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋น„๊ต์  ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฑ๊ธ€ ๋ž‘๋ฎค์–ด ํ”„๋ฃจ๋ธŒ์™€ ๋“€์–ผ ๋ž‘๋ฎค์–ด ํ”„๋ถ€๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋ถ€๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ์ „์ž ํšŒ๋กœ์™€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์ด๋ณ„ ๋ฐ€๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  EEPF ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ R-wave ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„คํ‹ฑ ํ”„๋ฃจ๋ธŒ๋„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ M-ICP ๋‚ด์—์„œ R-wave ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฑด์‹ ์‹๊ฐ์—์„œ ์‹๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์˜จ์˜ ํ”Œ๋Ÿญ์Šค์™€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์—์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹๊ฐ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, CF_4 ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ์•„๋ฅด๊ณค ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ „์‹œ์ผœ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์†Œ์ž ์ œ์ž‘์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์œ ์ „ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ง‰์„ ์‹๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์›จ์ดํผ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„ ๊ท ์ผ๋„์™€ ์ด์˜จ ํ”Œ๋Ÿญ์Šค์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„ ๊ท ์ผ๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ์‹๊ฐ๋ฅ ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž์žฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ์‹๊ฐ ๊ท ์ผ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๊ตญ ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ ๋ก ............................................................................................. i ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ .................................................................................................. iv ๊ทธ ๋ฆผ ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ......................................................................................... ix ํ‘œ ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ....................................................................................................... xiv ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  ................................................................................................... 1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ICP ์™€ M-ICP ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ....................................................... 7 2.1 ์„œ๋ก  ............................................................................................................ 7 2.2 ์žํ™” ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ˜• ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” ............................................... 9 2.2.1 ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์—์„œ ์ „๋ ฅ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋งค์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ .......................... 9 2.2.2 ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ............................................ 11 2.2.3 ์žํ™”๋œ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ .................................................. 14 2.2.4 ์ž์žฅ์— ์˜ํ•œ confinement ๋ฉ”์นด๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋ฐ R-wave ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ................... 16 2.3 ์‹คํ—˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ(ICP) ์žฅ์น˜ ......................... 19 2.3.1 ๋ฐ˜์‘ ์šฉ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž์žฅ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ถ€ ............................................. 19 2.3.2 ์ „๋ ฅ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ถ€ .............................................................................. 22 2.4 ์‹คํ—˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์œ ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ(ICP) ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํŠน์„ฑ ........ 24 2.4.1 ์••๋ ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋ฐ€๋„ ................................................. 24 2.4.2 ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ICP ์™€ M-ICP ๊ฐ„ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋น„๊ต .......................... 25 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์‰ฌ์Šค์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ...... 30 3.1 ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ์‰ฌ์Šค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ .............................................................. 30 3.2 ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ....................... 33 3.2.1 Emission spectroscopy diagnostics .............................................. 33 3.2.2 Opto-galvanic technique .................................................... 33 3.2.3 ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘ (Laser-induced fluorescent) .......................... 34 3.2.4 ๋ผ๋งŒ ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ...................................................................................... 35 3.2.5 Two-photon ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ........................................................................ 36 3.3 ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ .................. 37 3.3.1 ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ ................................. 37 3.3.2 LIF ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „์‚ฐ ๋ชจ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ........ 42 3.3.3 ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ...... 45 3.4 ์žํ™”๋œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์—์„œ ์‰ฌ์Šค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ .......................... 50 3.4.1 ์„œ๋ก  ........................................................................................ 50 3.4.2 ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ............................................................... 50 3.4.3 ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ† ์˜ ............................................................ 53 3.5 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‰ฌ์Šค์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ..... 56 3.5.1 ์„œ๋ก  ...................................................................................... 56 3.5.2 ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ............................................................................... 56 3.5.3 ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ† ์˜ ............................................................ 57 3.6 ์š”์•ฝ ............................................................................................... 60 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ž‘๋ฎค์–ดํ”„๋ฃจ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ................. 61 4.1 Langmuir probe ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ bulk plasma ์ง„๋‹จ ................................. 61 4.1.1 ์‹ฑ๊ธ€ ๋ž‘๋ฎค์–ด ํ”„๋ฃจ๋ธŒ(SLP)์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ ............................ 61 4.1.2 RF ๋ณด์ƒ๋œ SLP ................................................................. 65 4.1.3 SLP ์ „์•• ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์ธก์ • ํšŒ๋กœ ...................................... 65 4.1.4 SLP ์˜ I-V ์ปค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋ฒ• ................. 68 4.1.5 SLP ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ .................................................... 71 4.2 Dual Langmuir probe ........................................................... 73 4.2.1 ๋“€์–ผ ๋ž‘๋ฎค์–ด ํ”„๋ฃจ๋ธŒ(DLP)์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ ............................... 73 4.2.2 DLP ์ „์•• ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์ธก์ • ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ...................... 75 4.2.3 DLP์˜ I-V ์ปค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋ฒ• ............ 76 4.2.4 DLP์šฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ................................................... 77 4.2.5 DLP ์™€ SLP ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋น„๊ต ............................................ 79 4.3 Magnetic probe ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๋ณ€ ์ž์žฅ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์ธก์ • ... 80 4.3.1 B ฬ‡ probe ์˜ ์ธก์ • ์›๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  ....................................... 80 4.3.2 Electrostatic pickup rejection probe ........................................... 82 4.3.3 B ฬ‡ probe ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ................................................ 83 4.4 ์•ฝ ์ž์žฅ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ................................................................................. 83 4.4.1 ์„œ๋ก  .............................................................................................. 83 4.4.2 ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ......................................................... 84 4.4.3 ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ† ๋ก  ................................................................. 86 4.4.4 ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ............................................................................ 97 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ...... 98 5.1 ์„œ๋ก  .................................................................................................. 98 5.2 ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ............................................ 98 5.2.1 ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ์˜ ์ด๋ก  ............................................... 98 5.2.2 ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ(IEDA) ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ................................ 103 5.3 ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์ธก์ •์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ............... 105 5.3.1 ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ .................................... 105 5.3.2 ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ธก์ • ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ........................................................... 115 5.3.3 Discriminator grid ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŒŒํ˜• ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ....................... 118 5.3.4 ํŒŒํ˜• ํš๋“ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ............................................................... 120 5.3.5 ๋‹จ๋ง๊ธฐ์šฉ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ .......................................................... 121 5.4 ์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ..................................................................................... 124 5.4.1 ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค(13.56MHz ) ํŒŒ์›Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ IED .............................. 124 5.4.2 ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค(2MHz) ํŒŒ์›Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ IED .................................... 126 5.4.3 ์‹คํ—˜ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ................................................................. 128 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ง‰ ์‹๊ฐ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋งˆ์—์˜ ์‘์šฉ ........................................ 130 6.1 ์„œ๋ก  .................................................................................................... 130 6.2 ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฅ์น˜ .......................................................................................... 133 6.3 ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ ................................................................................... 138 6.3.1 ๊ธฐํŒ ์œ„ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ....................................................... 138 6.3.2 ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์˜จ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” .......................... 139 6.3.3 ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ํŒŒ์›Œ์™€ Etch rate ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ................................. 143 6.3.4 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด ์‹œ๋ณ€ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ............................... 146 6.4 ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ............................................................................................... 150 ์ œ 7 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  .................................................................................... 151 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ ............................................................................................................ 154 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... 158Docto

    A Critical Evaluation of Korean Presidential System

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    ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ค‘์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ ์ฒด๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๊ณ ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์˜ ์ œ๋„์  ๊ตฌํ˜„๊ณผ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๏ผŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์ดํ›„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํ”๋ž€๊ธฐ๏ผŒ ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ ํ™•๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ , ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ ์‡ ๋ฝ๊ธฐ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ 4๊ฐœ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ˜„ ์ฒด์ œ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ค์ •์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ™•๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜์  ์ด์ต์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ž‘์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ณด๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ œ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ์ œ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ๏ผŒ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๏ผŒ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ˆ™๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์  ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž„๊ธฐ์‘๋ณ€์‹์˜ ์ œ๋„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์„ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ˜„ ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 4๋…„์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ž„๊ธฐ๋‹จ์ถ•๊ณผ ์ค‘์ž…ํ—ˆ์šฉ๏ผŒ ๋Œ€์„ ๊ณผ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์˜ ์ด์„ ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์ผ์น˜๏ผŒ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ œ ์ฒ ํ๏ผŒ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์œ„์› ๊ฒธ์ง ๊ธˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์œ„์› ํ•ด์ž„๊ฑด์˜๊ถŒ ํ์ง€๏ผŒ ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์˜ ๋„์ž… ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณต์  ๊ตญ์ •์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œ๋„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ด์™ธ์—๋„ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šด์˜์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๏ผŒ ํŠนํžˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๋Œ€์˜ํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ํŒจํ„ด ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰๏ผŒ์˜ํšŒ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๊ฐ„ ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋น„์„œ์‹ค ๋‚ด ์˜ํšŒ๋‹ด๋‹น์‹ค์˜ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์˜ํšŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋น„์„œ์‹ค ์ฐธ๋ชจ๋“ค์ด ์˜ํšŒ์™€ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋น„์„œ์‹ค ์ฐธ๋ชจ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์‹œ์— ์˜ํšŒ์— ์ƒ์ฃผ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ์–˜ ์˜ํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. Presidential government is already established as the most appropriate governmental system in Korea. However, there are a lot of doubts as to whether the presidential government has the best shape and function. In order to correctly understand the problems of Korean presidential system, this study approached the historical change of Korean power structure by classifying four different periods: 1) the creation period of modem governmental system, 2) the growth period of authoritarian presidential system, 3) the decay period of authoritarian presidential system, 4) the establishment period of democratic presidential system. The Korean presidential system substantially includes various problems, because it was produced as a temporary expedient from political bargaining. This study suggests several reform measures for the developmental institutionalization of Korean presidential system as follows: 1) shortening the presidential tenure from 5 years to 4 years, 2) granting presidential reelection, 3) synchronizing the presidential and National Assembly election, 4) abolishing the premiership, 5) banning concurrent service of an Assemblyman and a state minister, 6) abolishing National Assembly' s dismissal recommendation against cabinet members, and 7) introducing vice-presidency. In addition to the constitutional structural reform measures, this study suggests also several managerial reform measures for a desirable Assembly-president relationship such as establishing an Office of Congressional relations in the Presidential Secretariat and dispatching presidential aides to the National Assembly for amicable communication with Assemblymen

    Practice of the Village Compact and the Change of Social Relationships in the 18-19 Century Chosลn Korea : A Case Study from Sลngha village

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    ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„ ํ™์„ฑ๊ตฐ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ๋ฉด ์„ฑํ˜ธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—ฝ ์ด๋ž˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜์—ฌ ์™”๋˜ ๊น€๋…• ๊น€์”จ ์ง‘์•ˆ์—๋Š” ์•ฝ 300๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํ•„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 1,500์—ฌ์  ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋“ค์ด ์†Œ์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์„œ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ฑํ˜ธ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ด์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ๋ฆ„ ์ค‘ ํ•„์ž์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹œ๋„์ด๋‹ค. ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ์„ ํ›„๊ธฐ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ฐœ์ „๋ก ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ง‘์•ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์—… ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์—… ํ™œ๋™์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ด ์ง‘์•ˆ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ช…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ด ์˜จ ์ƒ์ธ๊ณผ ํ–ฅ์ดŒ์ค‘์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ด€์ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํƒ€์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ด ์ง‘์•ˆ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๅฏŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ง์ฒฉ์„ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์—ฌ ๅ‘ๅŒ–ไบบ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ฒœํ•œ ์‹ ๋ถ„์„ ้‹ช้“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ, ์ข…์ค‘์„ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๊ต ๊ต์–‘์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์–‘๋ฐ˜๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ํก์ˆ˜ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.This paper aims to illuminate the local and historical characteristics of the western coastal in Chosลn dynasty by studying the change of the social relationships among native inhabitants in the Sลng-ho village(ๆ˜Ÿๆน–้‡Œ), Andong Kim family(ๅฎ‰ๆฑ ้‡‘ๆฐ) from the outer, the local government, the bureau of Kyulsลng(็ตๅŸŽ็ธฃ), conjunct with the village compact system. Having studied this topic, I reached three conclusions as follows. 1. The Sลng-ho village compact system was construed by the agreement between Andong Kim family and the influential inhabitants in Sลng-ho village in the mid-l8th century. This village compact system was scheduled that the Yangban class(๏ฅธ็ญ) ruled the village through the organization of village compact. It was managed not by ritual but by penalty. It was like a sort of prison, which it is difficult for the participants to escape. 2. Some families belonging to the middle group(ๅ‰ฏๅฅ‘), village natives had the political hegemony over this village through this village compact system practically. Their fundamental purpose was to block the excessive taxes imposed by the informal bureaucrats by borrowing the power of the outer the Yangban class(๏ฅธ็ญ) coming from Seoul. 3. The relationship between Andong Kim family and the influential inhabitants in Sลng-ho village had changed greatly four times in all. As the time flies, their relationship changed from the authority-obedience relationship to the contractual relationship based on monetary equality
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