11 research outputs found

    Incidence Estimation and Severity Determinants of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Korean Military

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ(๋ณด๊ฑด์ •์ฑ…๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2018. 8. ๊น€์ฐฝ์—ฝ.์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์€ ํ‰์ƒ ํ›„์œ ์ฆ์ด ๊ณ ์ฐฉ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ํฐ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์งˆํ™˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์•”๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด๊ณผ์  ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์—ญํ•™์  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ํ•ด์™ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ํ˜น์€ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ธ๊ตฌ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ์—ญํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€์žฌํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตฐ(่ป) ์ธ๊ตฌ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ํ›„ํ–ฅ์  ์ฝ”ํ˜ธํŠธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‹ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตฐ๋‚ด ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ์„ฑ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ์ฆ์ฆ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ 2012๋…„ 5์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2017๋…„ 12์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ช…(์ œ 7์ฐจ ํ•œ๊ตญํ‘œ์ค€์งˆ๋ณ‘ยท์‚ฌ์ธ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์ด์šฉ)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ™˜์ž 3011๋ช…์„ 1์ฐจ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๋’ค ๋™์ผ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฐจ๋ก€ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ณ‘๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž ๋“ฑ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 2์ฐจ๋กœ ์žฌํ™œ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ค‘๋ณต ์ •๋ฆฌ๋œ 477๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์ „์ˆ˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ(็พŽ)์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒํ•™ํšŒ (ASIA, American Spinal Cord Injury)์˜ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ์ •์˜์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž 89๋ช…์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ตฐ๋‚ด ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ 1๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…๋‹น 24.99๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„๊ธ‰๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ต 19๋ช…(21.3%), ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ด€ 30๋ช…(33.7%), ๋ณ‘ 38๋ช…(42.7%), ์žฅ๊ต ํ›„๋ณด์ƒ(2.25%)์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œก๊ตฐ(86.5%), ํ•ด๊ตฐ(7.9%), ๊ณต๊ตฐ(5.6%)์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ์†์ƒ ์‹œ ํ‰๊ท  ์—ฐ๋ น์€ 29.82(ยฑ9.99)์„ธ์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œํ•™ํšŒ์ง€ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†์ƒ์›์ธ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋‚™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ 37๋ช…(41.6%)์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ์ด์–ด ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” 16๋ช…(18.0%), ๋‚™์ƒ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ฐ„ ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” 14๋ช…(15.7%), ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” 11๋ช…(12.4%), ๋‹ค์ด๋น™ ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” 7๋ช…(7.9%), ๊ธฐํƒ€(์žฅ๋‚œ ๋“ฑ) ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” 4๋ช…(4.5%)์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ˆ˜๋ถ€๊ฐ€ 64๋ช…(71.9%)๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰์ˆ˜๋ถ€ 9๋ช…(10.1%), ์š”์ฒœ์ˆ˜๋ถ€ 16๋ช…(18.0%)์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฅ์• ์ •๋„๋Š” AIS(๋ฏธ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒํ•™ํšŒ ์†์ƒ์ฒ™๋„, ASIA Impairment Scale) A๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„ ์ดํ•˜ ์šด๋™/๊ฐ๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์™„์ „ ๋งˆ๋น„)์ด 19๋ช…(21.3%), AIS B๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„ ์ดํ•˜ ์šด๋™์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์™„์ „ ๋งˆ๋น„, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋งˆ๋น„)์ด 5๋ช…(5.6%)๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์™„์ „๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” 24๋ช…(27.0%)์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด AIS C๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(์†์ƒ๋ถ€์œ„ ์ดํ•˜ ์ค‘๋“ฑ๋„์˜ ์šด๋™์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๋งˆ๋น„)์€ 14๋ช…(15.7%), AIS D๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(์†์ƒ๋ถ€์œ„ ์ดํ•˜ ๊ฒฝ๋„์˜ ์šด๋™์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๋งˆ๋น„)์€ 51๋ช…(57.3%)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” ์ด 65๋ช…(73.0%)์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ์ค‘์ฆ๋„(severity)๋ฅผ ์™„์ „๋งˆ๋น„์™€ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „๋งˆ๋น„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ตฐ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ์งง๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ƒ ์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ น์ด ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ์ค‘์ฆ๋„์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ฒซ ์—ญํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํŠน์ • ์ธ๊ตฌ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์„ ์ „์ˆ˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋ฐ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์†์ƒ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ™œ๋™์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ํ›„์†๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š”์–ด: ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ, ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ , ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตฐ, ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ I. ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 II. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 4 1. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 4 2. ๊ตญ์™ธ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 5 3. ๊ตฐ(่ป) ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 6 III. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 8 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 8 2. ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ์ •๋ณด 9 3. ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 10 IV. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 12 1. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตฐ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ  12 2. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตฐ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํŠน์ง• 17 3. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตฐ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ค‘์ฆ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ 29 V. ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 36 VI. ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  52 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 53 Abstract 65Maste

    Modification of aluminum thin films for MEMS by ion implantation

    No full text
    Thesis(master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2004.Maste

    ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ์Ÿ์ 

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋ฒ•ํ•™๊ณผ, 2013. 2. ์„ฑ๋‚™์ธ.๊ตญ ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ ๋ก ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ด 2008๋…„ 1์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž…๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด๋…์  ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ถŒ์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ๋ฒ•๊ด€์˜ ์ž„๋ฉด๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ๋Š”, ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ด‘์˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋‹จ์ฒด์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œ์šด๋™๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ–‰์ •๊ณผ์ •์—์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ”, ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์€ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์›๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ตญ์™•์˜ ์ „์ œ์™•๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ž์œ ์™€ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฐ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ํˆฌ์Ÿ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•œ ์ œ๋„์ด๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋ถ€์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ์ •์น˜์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ์—๋Š” ๋” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง๋„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์“ด๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํˆฌ์ฒ ํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜, ๊ณตํ™”์ œ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์—์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์• ์ • ๋“ฑ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ, ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›ํ›„๋ณด์ž ์งˆ๋ฌธ(voir dire)์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๋„ ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ •์กฑ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ ์ค‘ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์ดํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋…์ผ์€ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ ๋„์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋œ ์—ฐํ˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์˜ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์€ 3๋ช…์˜ ๋ฒ•๊ด€๊ณผ 9๋ช…์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์› ์„ ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฒ•์›์ด ์ง€๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์  ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์—์„œ๋„ ๊ณผ๋ฐ˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ถŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฌ์ œ์™€ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ๋กœ๋Š” ํ’€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ชจ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ˆ™์˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์€ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ง€์ผœ์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ๋„์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์  ํšจ๋ ฅ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋„์ž…์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์ œ27์กฐ์˜ ์žฌํŒ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ถŒ๊ณผ์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์‹คํ˜„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ๋Š” ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์„ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฒ•๊ด€์€ ์ „์ฒด๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฃผ๋„์ ์ธ ์ง€์œ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ์Ÿ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํฐ ๋น„์ค‘์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ์‚ฐ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒญ์ด ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒญ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•„์š”์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์‹ ์ฒญ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•„์š”์  ์‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„๊ธฐ์  ์ž…๋ฒ•์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ 9์ธ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ƒ ์ˆ˜๊ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ ๋ณด์žฅ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌํ† ๋ก ์˜ ๋ณด์žฅ์— ๋น„์ถ”์–ด ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์€ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ 9๋ช…์€ ํ™•๋ณด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ถŒ์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ์ƒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋„์ž…์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฐ์˜ ์›์น™์ด ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด: ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ, ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ, ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ถŒ์ฃผ์˜, ์žฌํŒ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ถŒ, ๋ฒ•๊ด€์— ์˜ํ•œ ์žฌํŒ ํ•™ ๋ฒˆ: 2003-23674Abstract Constitutional Issue of Civil Participation on Crimial Trial Act Kim, Jung-Kil Department of Law The Graduate School Seoul National University ใ€ŒCivil Participation on Criminal Trial Actใ€(the Act) passed the National Assembly of Korea on April 30, 2007, and it have come to effect on Jan. 1. 2008. The act introduces Civil participation system in serious criminal trials. Civil Participation in Criminal Trial adopted in order to cure the old disease of judicial bureaucratism in Korea in other words to improve democratic justice, transparency and trust in judicial precedures thorough ordinary thought of civil can be reflected in the judicial process. People can participate in judiciary system in many ways. The most essential and fundamental form among many ways is that people join in the process of a trial: the jury system and the Schรถffen system. In the jury system, citizen take part in a scrutiny of the case, the judge delivers a judgment based on the jury's established fact. On the other hand, in the Schรถffen system citizen sits in judgment with judge, giving a judgment on a fact or a legal question. People can perform the role in the area where a professional knowledge is needed or a social equity is guaranteed. The new Korean jury system does not take the conventional form of the English or American jury. And does not take Schรถffen system. A potential jury panel is selected randomly from a district area, and the jury decides the guilty/not guilty in order to recommend its opinion to the court. Therefore, the new jury system in Korea is somewhat a hybrid system a pure jury system in common law countries and a continental mixed jury system. In this sense, we can say the hybrid system is a kind of pilot system in order to determine which system is appropriate for the Korean culture and legal background. In recent years, the Atmosphere has changed. People are now reluctant to trust the court, mainly because the judicial process and decisions are obscure to the public, and the judicial judgements appear to be sometimes biased in favor of the rich or the powerful at the cost of justice and fairness. Popular sovereignty in judicial procedures should be attained by the introduction of a Korean-style jury system where the jury's verdict carry legal binding force, the number of jurors remain fixed the decision arrived is truly taken into consideration. Key-words : civil participation, jury, schรถffen, democratic justification Student number : 2003-23674๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ์ œ1์žฅ ๅบ่ซ– 1 I. ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 II. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  4 III. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 5 ์ œ2์žฅ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๊ฐ€์น˜ 7 ์ œ1์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ๋„์ž… 7 I. ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋„์ž… 7 1. ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์œ ๋ž˜์™€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ 7 ๊ฐ€. ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ํƒœ๋™(์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ œ๊ณต์ž๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ) 7 ๋‚˜. ์„œ์•ฝ์ฆ์–ธ๊ณผ ์‹ ํŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์žฌํŒ 9 ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 10 ๋ผ. ๊ธฐ์†Œ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ(grand jury)๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ(petit jury)์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ 11 ๋งˆ. ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ž…์žฅ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ง€์œ„์˜ ํ™•๋ฆฝ 11 2. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์œ ๋ž˜์™€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ 13 ๊ฐ€. ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ 13 ๋‚˜. ์–ต์••๋œ ํ†ต์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์œ ์˜ ๋ณด๋ฃจ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ 14 ๋‹ค. ์กด ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์Ÿ์–ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด 15 ๋ผ. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์ •์ฐฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์  17 ๋งˆ. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 18 3. ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜• 19 ๊ฐ€. ์žญ์Šจ๊ณผ ์ฝ”๋ฐœ๋ ˆํ”„์˜ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜• 19 ๋‚˜. ๋…์ผํ˜• ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ 19 ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ž‘์Šคํ˜• ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ 21 ๋ผ. ๋…์ผํ˜•๊ณผ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šคํ˜•์ด ์กฐํ•ฉ๋œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ 22 II. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋„์ž… 23 ์ œ2์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๊ฐ€์น˜ 24 I ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  24 1. ์˜์˜ 24 2. ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ฐธ์—ฌ 25 II. ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€์  27 III. ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฌ์ œ์™€ ๊ท ํ˜•์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ 28 IV. ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋กœ์„œ ํ’€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ถŒ์—์˜ ์‹คํ˜„ 29 V. ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ˆ™์˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ 30 ์ œ3์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 31 I. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ 31 1. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์˜์˜ ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋‹จ์  31 2. ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ์˜์˜ ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋‹จ์  32 3. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ 32 II. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 34 III. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ ๋„์ž… ์ดํ›„์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์  ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ 36 ์ œ3์žฅ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์ œ27์กฐ์˜ ์žฌํŒ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 37 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ข…์ „์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•๋„์ž…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฐฌ๋ฐ˜ ๋…ผ์˜ 37 I. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ฉํ—Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ 37 II. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์œ„ํ—Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ 38 1. ๋น„๊ต๋ฒ•์  ์ธก๋ฉด 38 2. ์ž…๋ฒ•์—ฐํ˜์  ์ธก๋ฉด 39 3. ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๋ถ„๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด 40 4. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•ด์„์ธก๋ฉด : ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์„ 41 III. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์™€ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ฉํ—Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ 42 1. ๋น„๊ต๋ฒ•์  ์ธก๋ฉด 42 2. ์ž…๋ฒ•์—ฐํ˜์  ์ธก๋ฉด 42 3. ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๋ถ„๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด 44 4. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•ด์„์ธก๋ฉด 45 (1) ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์„ 45 1) ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ƒ ๋ฒ•๊ด€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ไบŒๅ…ƒ็š„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ•ด์„๋ก  45 2) ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ƒ ๋ฒ•๊ด€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ไธ€ๅ…ƒ็š„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ•ด์„๋ก  46 (2) ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ด ์ •ํ•œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ 47 ์ œ2์ ˆ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์žฌํŒ์†Œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ํƒœ๋„์™€ ํ‰์„ 48 I. ๋ฌธ์ œ์  48 II. ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์žฌํŒ์†Œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ํƒœ๋„ 48 1. ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์› ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ฉํ—Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ 48 2. ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ 49 III. ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰์„ 50 1. ์œ„ํ—Œ๋ก  ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ํ‰์„ 50 2. ํ•ฉํ—Œ๋ก  ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ํ‰์„ 50 ์ œ3์ ˆ. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ์ œ์ • ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 51 I. ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ํšจ๋ ฅ 51 II. ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 53 III. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์†๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 53 IV. ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์ œ27์กฐ์™€์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 54 V. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ์˜ ์ธ์ • ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ 57 1. ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์ œ 27์กฐ์˜ ๋ฒ•๊ด€์— ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์ด ํฌํ•จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ 57 2. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ์˜ ์ธ์ •์ด ์žฌํŒ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ์„ ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 61 3. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ‰๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ์˜ ์ธ์ •์ด ์žฌํŒ์ œ๋„ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ 62 ์ œ4์ ˆ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  64 ์ œ4์žฅ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ƒ์˜ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ƒ ์Ÿ์  67 ์ œ1์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 67 I. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ 67 II. ํ‰๊ฐ€ 68 ์ œ2์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 70 I. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์—์„œ์˜ ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ 70 II. ํ‰๊ฐ€ 70 ์ œ3์ ˆ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ์„ ์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ 71 I. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 71 1. ๋ฌธ์ œ์  71 2. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ์ˆ˜ 72 3. ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜ 73 (1) ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜ 73 (2) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜ 74 (3) ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์ œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ฐธ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜ 78 (4) ๋น„๊ต๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 79 4. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 80 II. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ์„ ์ •๊ณผ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 82 1. ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› 82 2. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 83 3. ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 85 (1) ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ž๊ฒฉ 85 (2) ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ์งˆ๋ฌธ(voir dire)๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ”ผ์‹ ์ฒญ 87 III. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์„ ์ •๊ณผ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 88 1. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํŒ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ 88 (1) ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์˜ ์ž๊ฒฉ, ์ œ์™ธ, ์ œ์ฒ™์‚ฌ์œ  88 (2) ๋ฌด์ด์œ ๋ถ€ ๊ธฐํ”ผ์™€ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ 89 1) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฌด์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ 89 2) ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ์ œ๋„ 91 2. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ 92 3. ์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ์™€ ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ 92 (1) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ 92 (2) ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ์žฌํŒ์—์„œ ์ด์œ ๋ถ€๊ธฐํ”ผ์ œ๋„. 95 IV. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์› ํ›„๋ณด์ž ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€๊ณผ ์ž์œ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 95 1. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ 95 2. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 96 3. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 97 4. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›ํ›„๋ณด์ž์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ๋ณด์žฅ 98 ์ œ5์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  100 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 102Maste

    Intergranular Corrosion induced by Cr Segregation in Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steels

    No full text
    DoctorIntergranular corrosion (IGC) in stainless steels has been one of the most extensively studied subjects because it can result in severe loss of corrosion resistance, strength and ductility of steels. It has been accepted that intergranular corrosion in stainless steels is induced by electrochemical potential difference between the matrix and Cr depleted zone adjacent to intergranular precipitation of Cr-compounds such as Cr-carbides. Many studies, therefore, have proposed the proper amount of stabilizer elements, C and N to prevent formation of these intergranular Cr-compounds in the steel. However, it was recently reported that IGC developed in a low Cr Ti-stabilized ferritic stainless steel (FSS) with low C and N contnet, which meets the requirement for stabilizers and C, N contents. Thus, in this study, number of different sets of stabilized both ferritic and austenitic stainless steels with various alloying elements were evaluated to verify IGC characteristics and IGC mechanism in the materials.Firstly, IGC tests were carried out with Ti-stabilized 11 wt% Cr FSS with low C and N. The result implied that IGC occurs in the specimens aged at 400, 500 and 600โ„ƒ, but not at 700โ„ƒ. The sensitization time decreases with increasing aging temperature. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis on the intergranular precipitation in the specimen suffered from IGC, it was revealed that intergranular TiC carbides were observed and Cr peak was detected in these carbides, but no Cr-compounds were found.A laser assisted three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) analysis on the specimen showed that a segregation of Cr atoms as well as Ti and C atoms were formed along the grain boundary. Cr atoms highly segregated up to 18 at% on the grain boundary and a consequent Cr depletion is resulted inevitably adjacent to the segregation. On the basis of these experimental results, it was newly proposed that IGC in Ti-stabilized stainless steels with low C and N was induced by the Cr depletion zone by un-reacted Cr segregation around fine TiC, but not by Cr depletion zone induced by formation of Cr-carbides and/or Cr-carbonitrides, which have been generally known as the main cause of IGC. And then, in order to understand IGC prevention methods, the effects of the content of Cr and C, type of matrix and stabilizers on the IGC and intergranular precipitation were examined with the stabilized both ferritic and austenitic stainless steels with various amount of alloying elements. In precipitation analysis on FSS with various Cr content and type of stabilizers of Ti, Nb and Ti+Nb, it was made clear that regardless of Cr content and type of stabilizers, IGC was induced by Cr segregation along the grain boundary carbides [TiC, (Ti,Nb)C or NbC], although the increase in Cr content improves IGC resistance of FSS to a certain extent. In austenitic stainless steel, IGC developed much slower than in ferritic stainless steel because of its slow kinetics of diffusion and precipitation, but IGC could not be prevented. However, along the grain boundaries of FSS aged for 10h at 500โ„ƒ with 0.002 wt% C content, no formation of intergranular TiC and Cr segregation were observed and IGC did not develop. Thus, reducing carbon to extremely low level around 0.002 wt% could prevent the IGC in FSS aged for less than 10h at 500โ„ƒ

    Prediction of Power Consumed By Forward and Reverse Rotation Rotavator using Field Load Analysis

    No full text
    In this study, we installed forward and reverse rotation rotavators on a tractor to measure the load in thefield and analyze the power consumed. The rotavator is attached to the rear of the tractor and transmits thepower applied from the power take off (PTO) of the tractor to the rotating shaft of the rotavator, and it plowsor reverses the soil according to the rotational direction of the rotating shaft. Depending on the rotationaldirection of the rotavator, the power consumed in the tractor engine and the power transmitted to the tractoraxle and rotavator also vary, thus, research of load and power is an essential factor in designing the system. Asa field test results, 84.1โ€“93.5% power was consumed by the forward rotation rotavator, and 37.8โ€“57.5% powerwas consumed by the reverse rotation rotavator. In addition, depending on the rotation direction of the rotavator,the power consumed by the tractor was in the order of PTO and axle. Based on the research results,development of reliable rotavator systems would be possible in the future research.N
    corecore