17 research outputs found

    Inverse Transformation Sampling of Solar Neutrino Creation

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    (An) analysis on laws and regulations related with medical radioisotope safety controls

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    ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์œค๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ, ๋†์—…, ๊ณต์—…๋ถ„์•ผ ์ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฒ•๋ น์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ์„ค, ์œ ํ†ต๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ํŒ๋งค์ œ๋„ ๋ฐ ํ”ผํญ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ ์ง„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ตญ๋‚ดยท์™ธ์ ์ธ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ์˜ ์ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋„๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์žฅ์น˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ผ๋ฒ• ์ฒด๊ณ„ ์†์— ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ์ด์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ ์—ฌ๊ฑด๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํžˆ ๋ฒ•๋ น์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์›์ž๋ ฅ๋ฒ•์— ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ •๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๋ฐฉํ˜ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ • ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„๋ฒ•ํ™” ํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€์—์„œ, ํ•ต์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ด์›ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ํ–‰์ •์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™” ๋ฐ ์ ์ •๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ผ์›ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋ฒ• ์กฐํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์ค‘ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ƒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ์„ค์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ถŒ์˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ™•๋Œ€๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทœ์ •๋“ค์€, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ถŒ์˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ์„ ์ง„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์„ ์ง„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด์šฉ์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์ œ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์šฉ์ž ๊ทœ์ œ์— ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” 2002๋…„ 12์›”์— ใ€Œ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ์ด์šฉ์ง„ํฅ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ œ์ •ยท์‹œํ–‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ์ด์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ , 2003๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฐฉํ˜ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์‹ ๊ถŒ๊ณ (ICRP60)์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌํ™”์™€ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ ํ•™์„ ์žฌ์ •๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ์ด์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ •์ฐฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ์ด์šฉ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ทœ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ์ด์šฉ์ž ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]The use of radioactive rays has been extended to medicines, agricultures, and industrial areas and has closely related to the living of people, contributing to medical services and better quality of living. This study is to analyze the laws and regulations of safety controls for radioisotope use in medical institutes in order to have objective, general data for improved radioactive ray safety techniques associated to medical radioisotope. In addition, it is to seek the reasonable criteria of safety control that will meet the domestic and foreign needs by comparing and analyzing the safety control criteria of radioisotope for medical use, concerned facilities, distributions, sales systems and exposure controls against the safety control status of the developed foreign countries. The findings are as follows; First, ใ€ŒAtomic Energy Actใ€ characterized by a mother law of the use and safety control for radioisotope, provide for the terms of radioisotope and radioactive ray generators in a vast single law system so that it is limited in containing various contents and natures of them and that it is difficult to have laws reflected the changing needs according to developed radioactive ray techniques and conditions. So, it is necessary to separate the provisions of ใ€ŒAtomic Energy Actใ€ that combined both provisions for radioisotope control and for radioactive protections. Second, in order to have simplified, appropriate administrative systems in medical radioactive ray safety controls, it will have to unify medical law revisions by mutual agreement of the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Ministry of Science and Technology. Third, it is necessary to clarify each object of the regulations in order to have even discretionary powers, especially for provisions that have potentials to be extended too much for a given issue by discretionary powers because there is no clear standard with much difference in nature. Finally, as a result of evaluating the overall cases of radioisotope safety control in both Korea and the developed countries, it is found that although it has applied the laws and regulations from the developed countries to Korea, Korea do not accept user-oriented effective regulation systems, but maintain unreasonable systems that focus on controlling users. According to the enactment and announcement of ใ€ŒRadioactive Rays and Radioisotope Advancement Actใ€in December, 2002, it is expected the increased use of radioactive rays, and a new radiation dose systems that reflected ICRP''s new recommendations has been in operation since 2003. Both users and control agencies have to contribute to develop radioactive ray uses further, by reestablishing the rationality and philosophy of radioisotope safety controls, and by encouraging a reasonable safety control environments for different institutions using radioisotope.ope

    Invariant Theory in Crystal Symmetry

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