For the Peace Island, Kyodongdo

왜 평화를 일상의 인사로 사용하는 문화권에서조차 수없이 많은 비참한 전쟁이 치러졌는가? 전쟁을 반대하거나 또는 전쟁에 찬성하는, 서로 입장이 다른 세력은 언제나 동일한 목표, 즉 평화(peace)를 주장한다. 특히 흑(敵)과 백(友)의 구분이 분명했던 냉전시대의 경험을 통해 우리는 나와 우리의 평화를 위해 그와 그들의 평화를 인정해야 한다는 값비싼 교훈을 얻었지만, 교훈은 교훈일 뿐 뼛속 깊이 각인된 증오와 공포는 여전히 우리의 혈관을 타고 끝없이 배회한다. 누가 평화를 주장하는가. 그리고 그들이 말하는 평화란 도대체 무엇인가

성인남성에서 심박동수 변이를 이용하여 측정한 자율신경계 활성도와 하부요로증상의 관계 분석

학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :의학과,2010. 2국문요약 i 차례 iii 표 차례 iv Ⅰ. 서론 1 Ⅱ. 대상 및 방법 2 Ⅲ. 결과 3 Ⅳ. 고찰 5 Ⅴ. 결론 9 참고문헌 10 ABSTRACT 14Maste

Mitochondria 에 부착된 creatine kinase 의 생화학적 기능

학위논문 (석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 생물공학과, 1980.2, [ [vi], 60 p. ]Intact mitochondria prepared from pig heart muscle showed a considerable activity of creatine kinase(EC 2.7, 3.2), but this mitochindria bound creatine kinase was released in soluble form by incubation in isotonic sodium phosphate solution. This result suggests that the mitochondrial creatine kinase is rather loosely bound to the mitochondrial membrane outside. The molecular nature and some of physico-chemical properties of mitochondrial creatine kinase were found to be different from that of cytoplasmic isoenzyme. The optimum pH in the direction of phosphocreatine formation is 8.2 for mitochondria bound creatine kinase ; 7.8, released and purified mitochondrial creatine kinase; 8.5, for cytoplasmic creatine kinase. The nature of substrate binding properties of the mitochondria bound creatine kinase(α=1) were found to be different from those of released mitochondrial creatine kinase(α=1/26) and cytoplasmic creatine kinase(α=1/3). The apparent Km values of the releasee mitochondrial creatine are 0.083 and 5.8 mM, repectively, and those of cytoplasmic creatine kinase, 0.34 and 12.8 mM. These kinetic properties indicate that mitochondrial creatine kinase is especially adapted to the formation of phosphocreatine. The mitochondria bound creatine kinase was also found to be linked directly to the mitochondria respiratory system. The rate of respiration was controled by the amount of creatine and phosphocreatine added. The mitochondria respiration was also affected by the presence of cytoplasmic creatine kinase. Based on the different nature of two forms of creatine kinase, a specific role of the mitochondrial creatine kinase in the heart cell energy metabolism was suggested.한국과학기술원 : 생물공학과

돼지 심장 미토콘드리아에 존재하는 크레아틴 키아제의 생화학적 역할

학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 생물공학과, 1987.2, [ xii, 98 p. ]In order to elucidatate the biochemical role of heart mitochondrial creatine kinase in the energy metabolism of heart muscle cell, we studied the mechanism on the coupling between the production of phosphocreatine by respiring heart mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation. We also studied the effect of the concentration ratio of phosphocreatine to creatine on the rate of coupled respiration as well as that of uncoupled respiration in order to examine the possible regulatory role of the creatine kinase in the energy metabolism. The followings are the main results. 1. Effect of the concentration ratio of phosphocreatine to creatine on the rate of respiration: In the absence of added creatine and phosphocreatine, pig heart mitochondria respiring in the presence of glutamate and malate exhibited an approximately 5-fold increase in the initial State 4 respiratory rate upon the addition of ADP, followed by return to the state of the Post-ADP State 4 rate. When the concentration of creatine was increased, the rate of the State 3 as well as the post-ADP State 4 increased further. The increased rates of the State 4 and 4 respiration due to the addition of creatine were diminished in the presence of phosphocreatin. The half maximal stimulation of post-ADP State 4 respiration was obtained with 8 mM creatine, which is comparable to the value of apparent Km of purified pig heart mitochondrial creatine kinase for creatine(8.5 mM). The State 3 respiratory rate decreased by increasing the concentration ratio of phosphocreatine to creatine with the total concentration of creatine plus phosphocreatine fixed at 20 mM. The maximum state 3 respiratory rate in the presence of excess ADP was further stimulated about 2-fold by the addition of 20 mM creatine. Also, the response of the uncouped respiratory rate in the presence of FCCP to the creatine and phosphocreatine was similar to that of the State 3 rate. These results indicate that the concentration ratio of phosphocreatine to ...한국과학기술원 : 생물공학과

전송 빔형성과 공간 다중화를 결합한 다중 입출력 안테나 구조

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학전공, 2004.2, [ v, 69 p. ]We propose new channel-based or covariance-based closed-loop space-time signal processing schemes that combines transmit beamforming and spatial multiplexing in Rayleigh frequency-flat fading channel. We assume that the number of transmit antennas is greater than the number of receive antennas. To implement the proposed schemes, we use the following three maximization criterions: signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) maximization criterion, mutual information maximization criterion, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) maximization criterion. The proposed schemes achieve the multiplexing gain by spatial multiplexing and the antenna gain by beamforming. The achievable SNR and mutual information are shown according to each criterion. Bit error rate (BER) with ML (Maximum Likelihood) and MMSE (Minimum Mean-Squared Error) nulling and cancelling detection algorithm are given for spatial multiplexing, TAA (Transmit Antenna Array) beamforming, double-STTD (Space-Time Transmit Diversity) or D-STTD, and proposed schemes in Rayleigh frequency-flat fading channel with Monte-Carlo simulation. We show that the proposed schemes have lower BER than the other schemes. We show that the channel-based scheme is adaptive to slowly varying channel environment and covariance-based scheme is adaptive to fast varying channel environment.한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학전공

Tumor-associated macrophages are a novel contributor to tumor hypoxia

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Tumor-associated macrophages exacerbate glycolysis and hypoxia in tumors

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