52 research outputs found

    Development and effectiveness of a prevention model of bloodborne disease exposure among health care workers

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ…, ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์˜ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์™ธ์ƒ๋ณ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ง€์‹, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ, ์ดํ–‰์˜ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‚ด์ƒ๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ˜•๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 2003๋…„ 8์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 8์›” 22์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๊ตญ 10๊ฐœ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ ์‹ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 331๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ„์„์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค์  ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ •๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ž˜ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ดํ–‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์‹, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต, ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด ์ค‘ ์ง€์‹, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ์ด ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์‹์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ดํ–‰ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์€ 68%์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ์ธ ๊ต์œก์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ์ค‘์žฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์ œ๊ณต, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด๋ฌธ ์ œ๊ณต, ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ์ „์‚ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•, ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ํ†ต ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋น„์น˜, ์†Œ์œ„์›ํšŒ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 1๊ฐœ 3์ฐจ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋™๋“ฑ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์ „ํ›„์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 1๊ฐœ 3์ฐจ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ ์‹ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2003๋…„ 8์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 8์›” 16์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ „์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 2003๋…„ 10์›” 20์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 11์›” 30์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌํ›„์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 668๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ„์„์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์—ผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์ง€์‹, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ, ์ดํ–‰๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ์ง€์‹์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ, ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ… ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์„ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์ดํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ ์ด์™ธ์— ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๊ฐ, ๋ณ‘์›์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ถ”ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]The purpose of this study was to develop and test the structural model of bloodborne disease exposure among health care workers for duties. The conceptual framework was built around six constructs. Exogenous variables included in this model were communication, hospital policy and type of personality. Endogenous variables were perception of risk, knowledge and compliance. Empirical data for testing the hypothetical model was collected using self-report questionnaires from August 1 to September 9, 2003. 331 questionnaires were used for analysis. Data for testing the program were collected using self-report questionnaires from August 4 to August 14, 2003(pre-test) and October 20 to November 30, 2003(post-test). 668 questionnaires were used for analysis. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the empirical data was not good. The modified model was found to have improved much compared to the hypothetical model and was found to fit well with the empirical data. Knowledge, perception of risk, communication, hospital policy were also significantly related with compliance. Overall, the model accounted for 68% of the variance in compliance. A program was developed based on the modified model and by reviewing the literatures. The program was composed of focus on education, and included feedback, guidance panel, computer warning system for bloodborne disease, expanded use of the needlebox, and activities of the committee. The program application resulted in a significant decrease in bloodborne disease exposure incidence with 67 cases per 10,000 health care workers after intervention, exposure incidence with 779 cases per 10,000 health care workers at the pre-intervention period and 712 cases per 10,000 health care workers at the post-intervention period. Knowledge, risk perception, compliance, report rate were shown to have improved significantly after intervention. These results suggest that the program for prevention of bloodborne disease exposure should focus on knowledge, and for greater efficacy, the program should also include risk perception, communication, hospital policy influencing compliance. Further studies are warranted with an extended study period.restrictio

    ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ถ„ํฌ ํŠน์„ฑ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ,2006.Maste

    Development and Spatial Distribution of Call Centers in Korea

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์„œ์šธ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋„์„ฌ์— ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๋˜ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋„์„ฌ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์ง€์—ญ, ๋˜๋Š” ์„œ์šธ ์™ธ ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ง„์ ์ธ ์™ธ๊ณฝํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ์ฐฉ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์—…์ข…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์—…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ ์ž…์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์„œ์šธ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ ์ฐจ ์„œ์šธ์—์˜ ์ž…์ง€๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์™ธ๊ณฝํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์—…์ข…, ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ํŠน์ •๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์— ์ž…์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต๋ณดํ—˜์—…๊ณผ ํ†ต์‹ ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ , ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋‚ด์˜ ์ž…์ง€์œจ์ด ๋†’์•„ ์™ธ๊ณฝํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž…์ง€์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ด์ „ ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ž…์ง€์ง€์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์™ธ๊ณฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋ถ€๋Œ€๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์š”์ธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์ง€์—ญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์œ„์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ์ •๋ณด๊ตํ™˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ธ์ ‘์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์šฉ๋ถ€๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋จผ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ด๋™์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฝœ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ž…์ง€ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž…์ง€์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

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    ๋ณ‘์›์ง์›์˜ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ ๋ถ„์„

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์› ์ง์›์˜ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ์‹คํƒœ์™€ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ์„œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋„๋œ ํšก๋‹จ์  ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์‚ฐ ์†Œ์žฌ์˜ S๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฐํ•˜ 4๊ฐœ ๋ถ€์†๋ณ‘์› ์ง์› 1430๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 1997๋…„ 9์›” 29์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 10์›” 11์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋กœ์„œ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋น„์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ Wallston & Wallston(1978)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ํ™๊ทผํ‘œ(1985)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„๋œ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ๋‹ค์ฐจ๋ญ” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ†ต์ œ์œ„ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ์ธก์ • ๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ์ผ๋ณธ์‚ฐ์—…์œ„์ƒํ˜‘ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS/PC๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์‚ฐ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ฏ์  ์ด์ „ 7๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ 51.2%๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆผ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท  ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” 1.9ํšŒ ์ฐ”๋ ธ๋‹ค. 3-4ํšŒ ์ฐ”๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 12.0%, 5ํšŒ ์ด์ƒ ์ฐ”๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 6.9%๋กœ 3ํšŒ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์ฐ”๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 18.9%๋กœ์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. 2. ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ฐ”๋ฆผ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ฒ˜์น˜ํ›„๊ฐ€ 68.0%๋กœ ์ฒ˜์น˜ ์ค‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ–‰์œ„๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ๋šœ๊ป‘์„ ์”Œ์šฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์ด 20.0%๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌผํ’ˆ ์ •๋ฆฌ์ค‘ 15.3% ์ˆœ์ด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐ”๋ฆฐ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์ด 75.7%๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฐ”๋Š˜ 7.5% ์ด์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์ธ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 52.7%, ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 22.4%์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋งค๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Bํ˜• ๊ฐ„์—ผ์ด 12.2%์ด๊ณ , Cํ˜• ๊ฐ„์—ผ์ด 7.3% ์ด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆฐ ํ›„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ 75.5%์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆฐ ํ›„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ถ€์„œ์— ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 17.6%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์™€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ๊ฐ„์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฒด ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์ž์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—ฌ์ž(O.R.= 0.5:1), 26์„ธ์ด์ƒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด 25์„ธ ์ดํ•˜(O.R.=1:3.1), ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฏธํ˜ผ(O.R.=1:2.7), ๊ณ ์กธ์ดํ•˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ๋Œ€์กธ ์ด์ƒ(O.R.=0.3:1),1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ณ‘์›๊ทผ๋ฌด๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— ๋น„ํ•ด 1๋…„ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์งง์€ ๋ณ‘์› ๊ทผ๋ฌด ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ(O.R.=1:1.6), ์˜์‚ฌ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ, ๋น„์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ(O.R.=0.6:0.3:0.2:1), ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:1.7), ์œ„ํ—˜์ธ์‹์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=0.8:1)์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์žฌ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ธก์ •๋ฐ”๋Š˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:1.9)์™€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์™ธ๋ž˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘๋™(O.R.=0.4:0.2:1), ์—…๋ฌด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ณดํ†ต์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฐ”์œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:1.5), ๊ณ ์ •๋ฒˆ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ต๋Œ€๋ฒˆ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:3.6), ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ์ฐ”๋ฆผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์„œ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:1.7), ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐํ†ต ์ด์™ธ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(O.R.=1:2.3)๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณ‘์›์ง์›์ด ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์ž˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์— ์ฐ”๋ฆฌ์–ด ์ง์› ๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This cross-sectional study was conducted to prepare a foundamental data on a preventive program for needlestick injury of Korean hospital employees. The data were collected from a total of 1430 employees working in four different S. university hospitals, September 29 to October 11, 1977. The sample subjects were asked on a questionnaire of the incidence and the influencing factors of needlestick injuries (NI), which consisted of the questions induced by the researcher's empirics on needlestick injuries, Wallston & Wallston's Multidimentional Locus of Control Scale(MHNC) and Japan Industrial Health Association's Fatique Questionair Method Form. The data collected were analyzed by the SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science)/P.C. and the summary of results is as follows. 1. During a 7 months' period, about 51.2% of the subiects experienced N.I. of average 1.9 times auld of 51.2% of N.I. 12.0% and 6.9% were repeatly injured cases as 3-4 times and more than 5 times each. 2. It was likely to be more N.I. occured after practice(68.0%) than during practice treatment. The types of practice associated with ware ranked recapping(20.0%), arrangement of needles after used disassembling needles(13.2%), blood sampting(7.9%) and between intravenous injection(6.3%), More than two-third N.I. were related to plain needle(75.7%), scalp needle(7.5%) and vacuum thbe needle(5.1%). 3. Underreporting of blood transmitted diseases(BTDs) of patients were 22.7% while 55% of hospital employees reported that patient had no BTDs. Reported BTDs were hepatitis B(12.2%) and hepatitis C(7.3%). 4. Of N.I. cases, 75.5% answered their equipped knowledge on N.I. management measurements, while comparatively small proportion(17.6%) reported N.I. to unit managers and received proper management. 66.6% were treated with just disinfectants and 13.4% did not received any treatment. 5. Statistically significant factors between the case and control groups were associated with host factors(e.g., sex age marriage status, educational background, working experience, type of job), agent factors(e.g., the use of BST needle) and environmental factors(e.g., working situation, duty, the degree of communication on N.I., and the exposure of needle to the place but disassembling container). In conclusion, it is required to prepare needlestick injury precautions on the basis of risk factors to protect hospital employees with a danger of needlestick injuries, and the variables identified in this study will be one of useful, effective guideline.prohibitio
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