Seroprevalence of five bovine arboviruses and development of inactivated trivalent vaccine for Aino, Akabane and Chuzan viruses in Korea

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과(수의병인생물학 및 예방수의학전공), 2015. 8. 박세창.Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, such as mosquitoes, Culicoides biting midges and ticks. These arbovirus infections are mainly associated with abortion, stillbirth and congenital defects in pregnant cattle, sheep and goats, which induces a considerable economic loss in livestock industry. To investigate the possible circulation of arboviruses in South Korea, nationwide surveillance of five arbovirues was conducted in sentinel calves during 2009?2012. We used serum neutralization tests to investigate the presence of antibodies for the Aino virus, Akabane virus, bovine ephemeral fever virus, Chuzan virus and Ibaraki virus. In 2009, 2011 and 2012, the seropositive rates for these five arboviruses were all less than 14.1%. In 2010, however, the seropositive rates for Aino virus and Akabane virus were 33.2% and 40.2%, respectively. High seropositive rates were also associated with a large-scale outbreak of Akabane viral encephalomyelitis in cattle in southern Korea in 2010. Continued seroprevalence surveillance will be useful for monitoring natural arboviral diseases. The arboviruses seem to be widely distributed in Southeast Asia and Australia. Among the arboviruses, Aino, Akabane and Chuzan viruses are respectively isolated in abortion cases. As a control strategy, an inactivated trivalent vaccine against Aino, Akabane and Chuzan virus was developed by using binary ethylenimine or formalin as an inactivating agent. The newly developed trivalent vaccine is evaluated for its safety and immunogenicity in animals such as mice, guinea pigs and cattle. The immune responses were significantly detected within 2-weeks after second vaccination without any side effects. Since the field application of experimental vaccine also revealed increased antibodies in inoculated cattle, we demonstrated that these trivalent vaccines could be used as a vaccine to control the arboviral infections in ruminants. This study approached the seroprevalence of five arboviruses in sentinel cattle and development for prevention of the diseases on Aino, Akabane and Chuzan viruses in cattle.Abstract i Contents iii List of figures v List of tables vi Abbreviations vii General Introduction 1 General Methodology 3 Literature Review A. Bovine arboviruses overview 12 A.1. Aino virus 14 A.2. Akabane virus 15 A.3. Bovine ephemeral fever virus 20 A.4. Chuzan virus. 21 A.5. Ibaraki virus 23 B. Control of bovine arboviruses 24 B.1. Vector and disease control 24 Chapter I Seroprevalence of five arboviruses in sentinel cattle as part of nationwide surveillance in Repulic of Korea, 2009-2012 Abstract 29 1.1. Introduction 30 1.2. Materials and methods 31 1.3. Results 32 1.4. Discussion 33 Chapter II Development of inactivated trivalent vaccine for the teratogenic Aino, Akabane and Chuzan viruses Abstract 39 2.1. Introduction 40 2.2. Materials and methods 42 2.3. Results 45 2.4. Discussion 48 General conclusion 59 References 61 Abstracts in Korean 79 List of published articles 81Docto

Evaluation of a Career Ladder Program for Nurses in a Hospital

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to assess the efficacy and usefulness of the career ladder program in a hospital and to evaluate nurses satisfaction with the program. Methods: The study was conducted using a survey consisting of 14 questions on the appropriateness, necessity and usefulness of the career ladder program. The data were gathered from 403 nurses in a hospital. We assessed differences in responses according to the participants workplace, age, educational background, marital status, experience (total years and years at current working place). We analyzed the data using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: Nurses acknowledged that the career ladder program is necessary and profitable within the nursing field, but they worried about the appropriateness of the nurse's role at each career level and rationality of the portfolio. The study also identified nurses characteristics that were significant factors in explaining nurses satisfaction with the career ladder program. Finally, we identified complaints and improvements for the program. Conclusion: We assessed differences in attitude towards the career ladder program according to nurses' characteristics

C. I. Lewis의 미적 가치개념에 관한 연구 : 경험적 인식의 한 유형으로서의 가치평가를 중심으로

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :미학과,1995.Maste

독일어 양상동사 연구

학위논문(석사)--서울大學校 大學院 :外國語敎育科 獨語敎育專攻,1995.Maste

Acquired Modern Lifestyle through The Electricity in Korea-1880~1905

Lifestyle of people of Chosen dynasty changed significantly between 1887-1905 with electricity, which was invented and developed in the West. In 1887, King Gojong introduced electric lights in palace; in 1898, electric cars were introduced in Hansung, the capital of Chosen; the electric street lights were installed and; a nation-wide telegraph system was established, as well. As a result, significant changes to traditional lifestyle were witnessed not only in Hansung, but in the entire Choseon. Among them was the fact that men and woman shared the same seats in electric cars. Also, women went out to streets during the day and more men walked around the city at night. The highest class, Yangban, had to wait for the electric car at a station just like any other ordinary men waiting for the car with fare. Telegraph system also brought about great changes. With telegraph system, it was easier for people to exchange personal correspondences, and they had better access to news and information around the world. Through these changes brought by electricity, people of Choseon acquired the western lifestyle before 1905.이 논문은 한국연구재단의 지원에 의해 연구되었음(NRF-2009-0084888)

환경성 담배연기(ETS)에 노출된 흡연자 및 간접흡연자의 Nicotine과 그 대사산물(Cotinine)의 농도에 관한 연구

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 보건대학원 :환경보건학과 산업보건학전공,2006.Maste

Quantitative detection of CP4 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS) in soybean using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

Thesis (master`s)--서울대학교 대학원 :농생명공학부,2004.The Round-up Readyⓡ soybean, which has tolerance against glyphosate, an herbicide, is widely used for soybean processing. Usually, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is employed to detect GMOs at DNA level. Immunological methods including western-blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are also used to detect GMOs at protein level. Recently, detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has become more important because of mandatory labeling. The objective of this research was the detection and quantification of CP4 5- enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS) in GM soybean using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Purified CP4 EPSPS from cloned E. coli was used as a control to monitor the change of CP4 EPSPS in GM soybean and soybean curd. CP4 EPSPS was detected in GM soybean and GM soybean curd by 2D-PAGE and identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) through databases. CP4 EPSPS in soybean products was resolved on 2D-PAGE according to its characteristic isoelectric point of 5.1 by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and molecular mass of 47.5 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Various percentages CP4 EPSPS in soybean were quantified. The quantitation tests were perfomed on artificial gels with spots varying Gaussian volumes by 2D software program.Maste

Depressed mood experienced by domestic workers based on emergency call

돌발적 업무 복귀란 업무에 복귀하라고 돌발적으로 요구받는 특별한 상황을 의미한다. 의사인 경우 응급 환자 발생에 따른 호출, 업무 자체가 응급요원 또는 5분 대기조와 같은 경우, 동료가 결근한 경우, 갑작스럽게 일이 폭주하는 경우 등 다양한 상황에서 발생한다. 본 연구는 국내 임금근로자의 돌발적 업무 복귀 경험 빈도와 우울감의 관련성을 파악하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 제5차 근로환경조사 자료를 이용하여 근무기간이 1년 이상이고 65세 미만인 임금근로자 23,375명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 연구대상자의 인구사회학적 특성을 확인하기 위해 빈도분석을 실시하였으며 돌발적 업무 복귀와 인구사회학적 특성과의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 카이제곱 검정을 실시하였다. 돌발적 업무 복귀 경험 여부 및 빈도와 우울감의 관계를 알아보기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 돌발적 업무 복귀 여부와 우울감과의 관련성을 살펴보면, 돌발적 업무 복귀를 하는 경우 우울감이 유의하게 높았으며(OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.32-1.93), 돌발적 업무 복귀 빈도가 높을수록 우울감도 유의하게 높았다(OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.51-2.92). 이러한 경향은 개인적 특성과 직업적 특성을 통제한 후에도 변화가 없었다. 따라서 돌발 업무 복귀 빈도와 관련된 정신건강문제를 줄이기 위한 논의와 예측 가능한 대기근무 편성, 상응하는 보상 및 휴식 여건 조성 등 더 나은 대기근무 환경을 마련하여 대기근무 근로자들의 안녕을 도모해야 한다. Emergency call means a special situation in which one is suddenly asked to return to work. It occurs in a variety of situations, such as calling in response to the occurrence of emergency patients, the work itself is the same as emergency personnel or flying squad, the absence of colleagues, and suddenly having a lot of work to do. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the domestic wage earners' experience of emergency call and their depression. Using the data of the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS), 23,375 wage workers with a working period of more than 1 year and under 65 years of age were the subjects of the study. A frequency analysis was performed to confirm the demographic characteristics of the subjects, and a chi-square test was performed to find out the relationship between emergency call and the demographic characteristics. A logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the relationship between emergency call and depressed mood. When it comes to the corelationship between emergency call and depression, there was a significant corelationship between emergency call and depression. An emergency call made workers depressed and the more they return to work the more the became depressed. This trend remained unchanged even after controlling personal and professional characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the well-being of emergency call workers by establishing a better working environment for emergency call, such as discussions to reduce mental health problems related to the frequency of emergency call, predictable emergency call arrangements, corresponding compensation and creation of rest conditions.open석

양극 산화 타이타늄 표면에서 배양한 유사인간조골세포의 유전자 발현 반응에 대한 microarray 분석

Thesis(doctoral)--서울대학교 대학원 :치의학과 치과보철학전공,2004.Docto

A Survey of the State of the Physically Disabled and the Attitude of Nondisabled Residents in their Rural Community

의학과/석사[영문] [한글] 본 연구는 농촌 지역사회에 거주하는 지체장애자의 효과적이고 효율적인 재활을 달성할 수 있도록 지역사회중심재활사업을 실시하는데 있어서 방향설정 및 추후평가를 위한 기 초자료를 얻고자 농촌지역 지체장애자의 실태 및 지체장애자와 장애자가족, 일반주민의 장애 및 재활에 대한 인식과 태도를 조사하고자 시행하였다. 연구대상으로 전라북도 완주군 북부지역의 7개면 1개읍에 거주하는 전가구의 5 %에 해 당하는 672가구 2,719명을 조사하였으며 1988년 8월 8일부터 8월 12일까지 조사를 실시하 여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 대상지역의 심신장애유병율은 2.83 %였으며 지체장애유병율은 2.06 %로써 지체장애 자는 전체 장애자의 72.7 %를 차지하였다. 2. 지체장애자의 남녀의 비는 1.4 : 1이었고 60대가 39.3 %로 가장 많았으며 50세 이상 이 전체의 67.9 %를 차지하였다. 3. 지체장애의 진단별 분류로는 뇌졸중이 30.4%로 가장 많았으며 관절구축 21.4 %, 절 단 16.0 %의 순이었다. 4. 장애발생시기는 60세 이상 노년기가 25.0 %로 가장 많았고, 후천적 원인이 92.9%에 달했다. 5. 전 지체장애자의 69.6 %가 진찰 또는 치료경험을 가지고 있었으며 진료장소로는 병 원 또는 의원이 가장 않았고 물리치료를받은 경우는 14.3 %에 불과했다. 6. 일상생활동작이 의존적인 지체장애자는 전체의 26.8 %이었고, 보장구를 이용하고 있 는 지체장애자는 39.3 %이었으며, 지체장애자의 희망사항으로는 의료시혜가 가장 많았다. 7. 지체장애자는 무직율과 무학율이 매우 높았고, 지체장애가구는 일반가구보다 저소득 가구와 의료보호대상가구 많았다. 8. 지체장애자와 장애자가족, 일반주민에서 모두 장애자에 대한 관심도가 높았고 장애 자의 사회적 대우에 대한 시각이 건전하였으며 재활기관에 대한 수용도도 높았다. 9. 전 조사대상자에서 재촬용어에 대한인지도가 낮았고 재활치료에 대해 소극적이었으 며 장애자의 사회참여를 위한 실제적 노력이 부족했다. 10. 일반주민은 지체장애자와 장애자가족보다 사회복지에 대해 비판적이었고 교육수준 이 높을수록 재활용어에 대한 인지도가 높았으며 재활기관에 대한 수용도는 낮았다. A Survey of the State of the Physically Disabled and the Attitude of Nondisabled Residents in their Rural Community Yun-Hee Kim, M. D. Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yousei University (Directed by Associate Professor Chang Il Park, M.D .) The purpose of this study was to obtain precise informationa bout the state of the physically disabled and the attitude of the physically disabled themselves , their families and nondisabled members of their rural community about their disability and rehabilitation, in order to provide basic data for Planning and evaluating the Community-Based Rehabilitation Project for this community. Those enlisted in this survey involved 672 households which were 5% of the total households in North Wanju Country. From August 8-12, 1988, 2,719 persons were investigated. The results were as reported. The prevalence ,of all the disabled was 2.83% of the population ; the prevalence of physically disabled persons was 2.06% .Of all the disabled, 72.7% were physically disabled. The male: female ratio was 1.4: 1. Of the physically disabled 39.3% were in their sixties and 67% were older than fifty. Strokes among the phystcaIly disabled represented the most frequent diagnosis of the disabled while joint contracture and amputation took second and third place . The most common age for occurance of a physical disability was during the sixties and this group represented, 25% of all disabilities. The second most frequent period was from age 1-10 which occupied 23.3% of all disabilities. Postnatal disabilities were cause of 92.9% of all physical disabilities. More than two-thirds of the physically disabled detected did have a history of medical examination or treatment. A hospital or private clinic was the most frequent place for receiving medical care. Only 14.3% of the physically disabled received physical therapy . Twenty-seven percent of the physically disabled were dependent in their activities required for daily living. Thirty-nine percent used braces or prostheses. The most frequent desire of these persons for their rehabilitation was medical treatment. There was a much higher incidence of illiteracy and unemployment among the physically disabled and a higher proportion of their families received medicaid and low incomes than the nondisabled families. All of the physically disabled, along with their families and nondisabled residents of their communities, had a relatively higher level of concern for the disabled and a better acceptance of the rehabilitation facilities, as well as a healthy view-point about the social life of the disabled. There was a relatively low level of preception of rehabilitation terminology among all of the People who were investigated. They had a somewhat passive attitude toward rehabilitative care and the socialization of the disabled. In contrast, the nondisabled residents held a critical view-point toward the status of the disabled person's social welfare. The educational Level of the residents was reflected in their perception and attitude toward the disabled and their rehabilitation.restrictio