57 research outputs found
λμλΆμ λ§μ°μ€ λͺ¨λΈμμ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ μν λμ κΈ°λ₯ν볡 ν¨κ³Ό
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅λνμ : μκ³Όλν μνκ³Ό, 2023. 2. μ΄μ λ ¬.Objectives
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects and the mechanisms of action of growth hormone (GH) on ovarian function recovery in ovarian insufficiency induced by the administration of cyclophosphamide (CP) in a mouse model.
Materials and Methods
After inducing ovarian insufficiency by administering a single intraperitoneal injection of 400 mg/kg of CP to six-week-old ICR mice, mice were divided into four groups (control group, CP administration group, GH 1 mg/kg administration group, and GH 2 mg/kg administration group). There were 10 mice in each group. GH was administered a week later for 7 days. Five mice from each group were sacrificed the next day, and their ovaries were collected for histological examination. The remaining mice were superovulated for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The following experiments were conducted to explore the mechanism of action of GH on ovarian function recovery. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect apoptosis. Masson's trichrome staining was used to analyze the degree of fibrosis. To quantify angiogenesis, CD31 immunohistochemistry was performed. Angiogenesis-related gene expression profile was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results
Administration of CP induced the loss of non-growing (primordial and primary) follicles. GH significantly protected primordial follicles and increased follicular quality. The CP group showed a decrease in fertilization rate and blastocyst formation rate in IVF. In contrast, the GH treatment group enhanced IVF outcomes in a dose-dependent manner. GH treatment also decreased apoptosis, stromal fibrosis, and increased angiogenesis. Many genes involved in angiogenesis are upregulated, especially the upregulation of leptin (Lep), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (Pecam-1), and angiogenin (Ang) have been observed in GH treatment groups.
Conclusion
GH treatment may promote ovarian function recovery in ovarian insufficiency induced by administration of CP via decreasing apoptosis, stromal fibrosis, and upregulation of Lep, Pecam-1, and Ang genes involved in angiogenesis.λͺ©μ
μ΄ μ°κ΅¬λ νμμ μΈ cyclophosphamide(CP)λ₯Ό ν¬μ¬νμ¬ λμλΆμ λ§μ°μ€ λͺ¨λΈμ ꡬμΆν ν μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ ν¬μ¬νμ¬ λμ κΈ°λ₯ ν볡μ λν ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό νμΈνκ³ κ·Έ κΈ°μ μ νμνκ³ μ νμλ€.
μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ²
6μ£Όλ Ή ICR λ§μ°μ€μ CPλ₯Ό 400 mg/kgλ₯Ό λ³΅κ° λ΄λ‘ ν¬μ¬νμ¬ λμλΆμ μ μ λν ν λ€ κ΅° (λμ‘°κ΅°, CP ν¬μ¬κ΅°, μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ 1 mg/kg ν¬μ¬κ΅°, μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ 2 mg/kg ν¬μ¬κ΅°) μΌλ‘ λλμκ³ κ° κ΅°λΉ λ§μ°μ€ 10λ§λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ°°μ νμλ€. CPλ₯Ό ν¬μ¬ν ν 7μΌ λ€ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ 7μΌκ° ν¬μ¬νμκ³ ν¬μ¬ μλ£ν λ€μ λ κ° κ΅°λΉ 5λ§λ¦¬μ λ§μ°μ€μ λμλ₯Ό μ±μ·¨νμ¬ μ‘°μ§νμ κ²μ¬λ₯Ό μ§ννμλ€. λλ¨Έμ§ 5λ§λ¦¬λ 체μΈμμ (in vitro fertilization, IVF)μ μ§ννμλ€. μ‘°μ§νμ κ²μ¬μ 체μΈμμ μ ν΅ν΄ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό νμΈ ν λ€ λμ κΈ°λ₯μ ν볡μν€λ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό νμΈνκΈ° μνμ¬ λ€μμ μ€νμ μ§ννμλ€. μΈν¬μ¬λ©Έ (apoptosis)μ μ λλ₯Ό λΉκ΅νκΈ° μνμ¬ Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assayλ₯Ό μννμλ€. λμ μ‘°μ§μ μ¬μ ν μ λλ₯Ό μμ보기 μνμ¬ Massons trichrome stainingμ μννμλ€. νκ΄μ μ (angiogenesis)μ μ λννκΈ° μνμ¬ CD31 λ©΄μμ‘°μ§ννμΌμ (CD31 immunohistochemistry)μ μννμλ€. μμ μ¬ μ€ν©ν¨μ μ°μλ°μ (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RT- qPCR)μ ν΅νμ¬ νκ΄μ μμ κ΄μ¬νλ μ μ μμ λ°νμ μμ보μλ€.
κ²°κ³Ό
CP ν¬μ¬λ μμλν¬μ 1μ°¨ λν¬μ μλ©Έμ μ λ°νμλ€. μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ ν¬μ¬λ μμλν¬μ μλ©Έμ λ°©μ§νμκ³ λν¬μ μ§μ ν₯μμμΌ°λ€. 체μΈμμ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄ν΄λ³΄λ©΄, CP ν¬μ¬κ΅°μ μμ λ₯ λ° λ°°λ°ν¬ νμ±λ₯ (blastocyst formation rate)μ΄ μ νλμλ€. κ·Έ λ°λ©΄, μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ ν¬μ¬κ΅°μ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ ν¬μ¬ν μ©λμ λΉλ‘νμ¬ μ²΄μΈμμ κ²°κ³Όκ° ν₯μλμλ€. κ·Έ λ°μ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ μΈν¬μ¬λ©Έ λ° λμμ‘°μ§μ μ¬μ νλ₯Ό κ°μμν€κ³ νκ΄μ μμ ν₯μμμΌ°λ€. νκ΄μ μκ³Ό μ°κ΄λ μ¬λ¬ μ μ μμ λ°νμ΄ μ¦κ°νμλλ° κ·Έ μ€μμ νΉν Leptin (Lep), Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (Pecam-1), Angiogenin (Ang) μ μ μκ° μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ ν¬μ¬κ΅°μμ λ°νμ΄ μ¦κ°νμλ€.
κ²°λ‘
CPλ₯Ό ν¬μ¬νμ¬ λμ λΆμ μ μ λν λ€ μ±μ₯νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ ν¬μ¬νλ©΄ μΈν¬μλ©Έμ¬ λ° λμμ‘°μ§ μ¬μ νκ° κ°μλκ³ νκ΄μ μκ³Ό μ°κ΄λ Lep, Pecam-1, Ang μ μ μ λ°νμ΄ μ¦κ°νμ¬ λμ κΈ°λ₯ νλ³΅μ΄ μ΄μ§λλ€.1. Introduction 1
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Objectives 3
2. Materials and Methods 4
2.1. Animals and study design 4
2.2. Histological analysis 7
2.3. In Vitro Fertilization 8
2.4. Analysis of follicular apoptosis 8
2.5. Measurement of follicular fibrosis 9
2.6. Immunohistochemistry for CD 31 9
2.7. Western blot for CD 31 10
2.8. Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction and data analysis 11
2.9. Statistical analysis 12
3. Results 16
3.1. Gross observation and ovarian weight changes 16
3.2. Evaluation of ovarian follicle morphology 18
3.3. In Vitro Fertilization 22
3.4. Evaluation of apoptosis 24
3.5. Evaluation of fibrosis and angiogenesis 26
3.6. Angiogenesis-related gene expression 29
3.7. Western blot for CD 31 35
4. Discussion 37
5. References 44
6. κ΅λ¬Έμ΄λ‘ 51
7. Acknowledgements 54λ°
νκ΅ μ ν΅ μ μμ μ€κ³λ₯Ό μν κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μλ¬Όμ’ μ μ
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ νκ²½λνμ : νκ²½μ‘°κ²½νκ³Ό, 2012. 8. Wybe Kuitert.κ·Όλμ μ΄λ₯΄λ¬ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μ λν μ°κ΅¬ λ° μ΄λ₯Ό νλμ‘°κ²½μμ μ¬ννλ €λ μλκ° λ€μνκ² λνλκ³ μλ€. κ·Όλμ μ¬νλ λ§μ μ ν΅μ μν 쑰경곡κ°μ λμ μλ¦ΌμΌλ‘ λνλλ λ³μμ μμ κ²½κ΄μ λͺ¨λ°©νκ³ μλ€. μΈμ ν κ²½μΉμ§λ μ μμ§μ μλκ³Ό μμΌ λλ μμ°μ μ¦κΈ°κΈ° μν΄ μ‘°μ±νμλ λ³μ λμ μλ¦Όμ μ‘°μ±μ μμ΄μλ μλ¦λ€μ΄ μμ°κ²½κ΄ μμ μ
μ§μ μ μ΄ κ°μ₯ μ€μν μμμ΄λ κ²½μΉμ§μ μμΉνλ μ ν΅μ μΈ λμ μλ¦Όκ³Ό λ¬λ¦¬ μ€λλ μ¬νλκ³ μλ μ ν΅μ μλ€μ λμμ§λ λΉμ½ν μμ°κ²½κ΄μ μ§λ λμ¬ λλ λμμΈκ·ΌμΈ κ²½μ°κ° λλΆλΆμ΄λ€. λ°λΌμ, κ·Όλμ λμ μλ¦Όν μ ν΅μ μλ€μ λμ μλ¦Όμ μμ°μΉνμ μ΄κ³ μλ¦λ€μ΄ μ ν΅μ κ²½κ΄μ μΆ©λΆν μ¬ννκ³ μμ§ λͺ»ν μ€μ μ΄λ€. μ΄λ¬ν μ
μ§μ νκ³μ± λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό 극볡νκΈ° μν΄μλ λΉμ½ν μμ°μμκ²½κ΄μ λν μμ¬λΆλΆμμμ 보μμ μ‘°μΉκ° κ³ λ €λμ΄μΌ νλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μ£Όμ λͺ©μ μ μ ν΅ λμ μλ¦Όμ μ¬ννλ μ μμ μ‘°μ±μ μμ΄μ, λμ μλ¦Όμ μμ°μΉνμ μμκ²½κ΄μ μ¬νμ μν΄ μ
μ§μ λΉμ½ν μμ°μμμΌλ‘ μΈν΄ 보μμ΄ νμν λ°°νκ²½κ΄ λ° μΈμ μμμ μμ¬ μ€κ³μ νμ©ν μ μλ μνμ μΌλ‘ μνΈ μ‘°νλ‘μ΄ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
λ° μ΄λ€μ λ°λμ§ν μννμ μ’
μ‘°ν©μ μ μ λ°©λ²μ μ μνλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄λ¬ν μλ¬Όμ’
λ° μλ¬Όμ’
μ‘°ν©μ μ μ μ κ²½κ΄μ νλ³λ‘ λλμ΄ μ κ·Όλ κ²μ΄λ©°, μ μ μ κ·Όκ±°λ μ
μ§μ νκ²½ μ 보λ₯Ό λ΄ν¬νλ μμ°μμκ΅°λ½μ μμμ‘°μ¬μλ£κ° λ κ²μ΄λ€. κ²°κ³Όμ μΌλ‘ μ΄μκ°μ κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
μ μ μ λ°©λ²μ λΉμ½ν μμ°μμμΌλ‘ μΈν΄ μμ¬μ 보μμ΄ νμν κ·Όλμ λ€μν μ ν΅μ μ μ¬νν 쑰경곡κ°μ μνμ μμ¬μ€κ³μ νμ©κ°λ₯ν κ²μ΄λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μ κ·Όλ°©λ²μ (1)λ¨Όμ λμ μλ¦Όν μ ν΅ μ μμ μμ¬ μ€κ³μ νμ©νκΈ° μν μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
μ μ’
λ₯ λ° μμ§μ±μ μ‘°μ¬νμ¬ λͺ©λ‘μ λ§λ€κ³ , (2) νμ‘΄νλ λμ μλ¦Όμ μ
μ§μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²½κ΄ μ νμ μ‘°μ¬νκ³ μ΄λ₯Ό μ ννν λ€, (3)κ° κ²½κ΄ μ νμ λ°λ₯Έ μμ°μμμ μμμ² μ νμ μ μ νλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ (4)κ° κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μμμ² μ νμ ν΄λΉνλ μμ°μμκ΅°λ½κ΅¬μ‘° μλ£λ₯Ό μμ§νμ¬ μ΄λ₯Ό λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
λͺ©λ‘κ³Ό λμ‘°νμ¬ κ³΅ν΅ μλ¬Όμ’
μ μΆμΆνμ¬ κ° κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μνμ μΌλ‘ μνΈ μ‘°νλ‘μ΄ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
μ‘°ν©μ μ°ΎμλΌ κ²μ΄λ€. λν μκΈ°ν λ°μ κ°μ΄ μ°ΎμλΈ κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μνμ μΌλ‘ μνΈ μ‘°νλ‘μ΄ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
μ‘°ν©μ ν¬ν¨νλ (5)κ²½κ΄ μ νλ³ μλ¬Όμ’
μ μ μ μλ₯Ό μ μν κ²μ΄λ€. κ²°λ‘ λΆμμλ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμ μ°ΎμλΈ μνμ μΌλ‘ μνΈ μ‘°νλ‘μ΄ μ ν΅μ‘°κ²½μλ¬Όμ’
μ‘°ν©μ νμ©κ°λ₯μ±κ³Ό μΆκ° μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ±μ μ λ§ν κ²μ΄λ€.In recent days, the studies on Korean traditional landscape architecture and the various trials to represent the characteristic of traditional landscape architecture in contemporary landscape architecture works have been increased. Many contemporary represented traditional garden style outdoor spaces are copying the landscape of private retreat (Byulsoe) which has been constructed to live in seclusion or to enjoy scenic landscape in picturesque place. As a constructional principle of private retreat (Byulsoe), 'selecting a good location in beautiful nature' is most essential principle. However, unlike original private retreat (Byulsoe), most of contemporary represented traditional garden style outdoor spaces are located on urban area where has poor vegetation landscape. This leads to failure in sufficient representation of nature-friendly, beautiful landscape of private retreat(Byulsoe). To overcome this limitation of location in modern times, the complementary measure for poor vegetation landscape should be considered in planting design process.
Main objectives of this study is to suggest the ecologically harmonious plants species for traditional landscape architecture and the seleting method for ecological species composition which can be applied to make a traditional private retreat(Byulsoe) garden style outdoor spaces in urban area where should be complemented because of the poor vegetation landscape. These plants species for traditional landscape architecture and the seleting method for ecological species composition will be accessed from the point of landscape types, and the selecting basis will be the natural vegetation structure analysis data which show the environmental conditions of each landscape types. As a result, these plants species for traditional landscape architecture and the seleting method for ecological species composition will have a possibility to be applied to the ecological planting design for contemporary represented traditional garden style outdoor spaces where should be complemented because of the poor vegetation landscape.
Approach of this study is: (1) to research and list up all kinds of plants species for traditional landscape architecture and those symbolisms which can be used in planting design for traditional private retreat(Byulsoe) garden style outdoor spaces, and (2) to examine the landscape types of exsisting private retreat(Byulsoe) gardens, and (3) to sort out the habitat types of natural vegetation by landscape types. And (4) to collect the the natural vegetation structure analysis data including the habitat types by landscape types and to compare with the list of plants species for traditional landscape architecture and extract common plants species. Finally, to find out the ecologically harmonious plants species compositions by landscape types. Additionally (5) to suggest the examples of plants species selection by landscape types including the ecologically harmonious plants species compositions. In conclusion, this study will expect the possibility of using the plants species for traditional landscape architecture and the seleting method for ecological species composition in planting design for traditional private retreat(Byulsoe) garden style outdoor spaces and the need of following study.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background .........................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Objectives ...........................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Scope and Method...............................................................................................................................7
2 Research on Private Retreats(Byeolseo) and Plants for Traditional Landscape Architecture for Representation ............................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Characteristic of Private Retreats(Byeolseo) ..................................................................................... 9
2.2 Plants for Traditional Landscape Architecture in Private Retreats ......................................................15
3 The Landscape of Traditional Private Retreats Analyzed as Habitats of Natural Vegetation ....................... 31
3.1 Landscape Types of Private Retreats ...................................................................................................33
3.2 The Relationship between Natural Vegetation Structure and the Landscape ......................................34
3.3 Habitat Types of Set of Species by Landscape Types .........................................................................36
4 Ecological Species Combination of Plants for Traditional Landscape Architecture ..................................... 41
4.1 Examining Method for Plant Species Composition by Landscape Types ..........................................41
4.2 Wet Vegetation in Waterfront Type Landscape ...................................................................................44
4.3 Coastal Vegetation in Waterfront Type Landscape .............................................................................48
4.4 Montane and Hillside Vegetation in Inland Type andscape ...............................................................54
4.5 Datailed Selection Criteria for Plant Species .....................................................................................65
4.6 Species Selections for Representation of Vegetation Landscape of Private Retreats by Landscape
Types................................................................................................................................................. 66
4.6.1 Private Reteat in Waterfront Type(Riverside, Swamp) ...................................................... 66
4.6.2 Private Reteat in Waterfront Type(Coast) .......................................................................... 68
4.6.3 Private Reteat in Inland Type(Mountain and Hillside) ...................................................... 69
4.6.4 Species Selections for Inner Garden................................................................................... 72
5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................................73
Bibliography ..........................................................................................................................................................77
Korean Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 81
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................................................83Maste
Factors Affecting Nursing StudentsActiveness in Clinical Education
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing students' active practice in clinical nursing education and to find ways to improve them. Methods: In this study, the factors affecting students' practice in nursing clinical practice were reviewed and their opinions were discussed. Results: A limited clinical practice environment, lack of a role model of leading and independent nurse interferes with the active practice of nursing students and negatively affects the image of nurses. On the other hand, semantics that links practice to studentslife supports
active practice. Conclusion: Clinical practicum educators should actively carry out the role of introducing students to rational of their practice, and arrange meetings with nurses and students who carry out nursing care independently with leadership. In addition, the clinical nursing education should include courses that allow students to discuss the various issues they have in the nursing practice
Looking into the Nursing from the Viewpoint of Heidegger: Reflections on the Existence of Being
Purpose: This article is aimed at broadening the perspectives of nursing by applying Heidegger's philosophical reasoning and views to nursing beliefs. Methods: Heidegger's main concepts on a human's way of being were the source for examining the encounter between care-receiver and care-giver in nursing. In addition, the paper illustrates the attitudes that nurses must present to their care-receiver in existential nursing. Results: As nurses and care-receivers experience existential crises due to anxiety about death and fear over uncontrollable situations, they both raise questions about the significance of their existences. By putting their deep reflections on these questions into nursing practice, nurses can exist as "Mitdasein" and be open to a number of possibilities in nursing. Conclusion: Nurses must be open to a number of possibilities in nursing by embracing various experiences of life and individuality without criticism, and pursuing the existing lives of their counterparts as well as their owns. They are able to take this attitude by raising fundamental questions about life and the existence of human beings through ceaseless reflections on their experiences, then implementing the result of these reflections in their lives and nursing practices
Flipped-classroom training in advanced cardiopulmonary life support
BACKGROUND:
The effects of the flipped classroom have been demonstrated in various fields of education in recent years. Training in emergency medicine is also beginning to gradually implement the flipped classroom; however, its practical effect in emergency medicine contexts is not yet clear.
OBJECTIVE:
The present study investigates the effects of the flipped classroom on advanced cardiopulmonary life support (ACLS) training implemented among practicum students in emergency medicine.
METHODS:
The study randomly assigned into control and experimental conditions 108 fourth year students in the College of Medicine at Yonsei University, in Seoul, who were scheduled to take clinical practice in emergency medicine between March and July 2017. Students were taught about ACLS in either a traditional lecture-based classroom (control condition) or a flipped classroom (experimental condition); then, simulation training with ACLS scenarios was carried out. Finally, each student was rated on performance using a rating form developed in advance.
RESULTS:
ACLS simulation scores of the students in the flipped classroom were 70.9Β±10.9, which was higher than those of the students in the traditional classroom (67.1Β±11.3); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.339). In addition, the difference in student satisfaction as measured on a survey was statistically insignificant (p = 0.655).
CONCLUSIONS:
Competency assessment after simulation-based training in ACLS undergone by senior medical students randomly assigned to flipped and traditional classrooms showed no statistical difference in competency between the two groups.ope
A Study on the concept of metacognition in mathematics education
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Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬)--μμΈε€§εΈζ ‘ 倧εΈι’ :ζΈεΈζθ²η§,1996.Docto
A narrative inquiry exploring disease experience of adolescent renal transplant recipients
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Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : κ°νΈνκ³Ό κ°νΈν μ 곡, 2016. 2. μ΅ν¬μΉ.λ§μ μ°κ΅¬λ€μμ μ μ₯μ΄μμ λ°μ μ²μλ
λ€μ΄ μμ‘΄λ₯ μ¦κ°μ λλΆμ΄ μΆμ μ§μ ν₯μλμμ§λ§ μ΄μ ν μ¬λ¦¬Β·μ¬νμ μΈ μ μμ μ΄λ €μμ κ°μ§κ³ μλ€κ³ νλ€. μ΄λ€μ΄ κ°μ§ μ΄λ €μμ λν μ¬λ μλ μ΄ν΄λ₯Ό μν΄μλ μ΄λ€μ μ μ₯μ΄μ ν μ΄λ €μλ§μ΄ μλ μ μ₯μ§νμ μ 체μ μΈ κ³Όμ μμμμ κ²½νμ ν΅ν©μ μΌλ‘ νꡬν νμκ° μλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ μ μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ μ§λ³ λ° μΉλ£μ κ΄λ ¨ν μΆμ κ²½νλ€μ΄ μ΄λ νμΌλ©° κ·Έκ²μ΄ μ΄μ ν μΆμ μ΄λ€ μν₯μ λΌμ³€λμ§λ₯Ό μ΄ν΄νλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄λ₯Ό μνμ¬ μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬μμ ν¨κ» κ²½νμ λν μ±μ°°κ³Ό μλ―ΈλΆμ¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μλ‘μ΄ μ΄μΌκΈ°λ‘ μΆμ μ΄μκ°κ² νλ λ΄λ¬ν°λΈ νꡬ λ°©λ²μ΄ μ μ©λμλ€.
μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ μ§λ³ λ° μΉλ£μ κ΄λ ¨ν κ²½νμ΄ μ΄λ€μ μΆμ μ΄λ€ μλ―Έλ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μλμ§λ₯Ό νꡬνκΈ° μνμ¬ 2015λ
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μ λμμΌλ‘ κ°μΈλ³ 3-4ν, μ΄ 21νμ κ°λ³λ©΄λ΄μ΄ μ§νλμλ€.
λ©΄λ΄μ ν΅νμ¬ μ¬μ― κ°μ§ μ’
λ₯μ κ²°μ μ μΈ μ¬κ±΄λ€μ΄ μ νλμλλ°, λ¨κ³Ό λ€λ₯΄λ€λ κ², λλ €μκ³Ό κΈ°λλ‘ λ§μ΄ν μ΄μμμ , μ΄μ ν λ³ν, λ³μμμ νμκ° λλ€λ κ², λ 맑μ μ±
μ, λ΄ μΆμ μλ―Έ μ°Ύμκ°κΈ°μλ€. μ΄ μ¬μ― κ°μ§ κ²½νλ€μ μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬μλ€μ΄ λ§μ± μ μ₯μ§νμ μκΈ° μμνλ©΄μλΆν° μ μ₯μ΄μμ ν¬ν¨ν μΉλ£μ κ³Όμ μ κ±°μΉλ©΄μ κ²½ννλ μ΄μΌκΈ°λ€ μ€ νμ¬μ μΆμ μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€κ³ μ νλ κ²λ€μ΄μλ€. μ΄μ μ¬μ― κ°μ§ μ’
λ₯μ κ²½νλ€μ μ€μ¬μΌλ‘ κ·Έ μλ―Έλ₯Ό νμ±νλ μμ
μ΄ μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬μμ ν¨κ» μνλμλ€.
κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ λ§μ± μ μ₯μ§νμ μ¦μκ³Ό μΉλ£λ‘ μΈνμ¬ λ΄λΆΒ·νμΈΒ·μ¬ν μμμμ λ€μ°¨μμ μΈ λ¨μ μ κ²½ννκ³ μμμ΄ λλ¬λ¬λ€. μ΄μ λνμ¬ κ·Έλ€μ μ΄μ ν λ³νλ λͺΈκ³Ό μ¬μ ν λ³νμ§ μμ λͺ¨μλ κ²½ννκ³ μμλ€.
λ°λΌμ μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ΄ μμ μ λ΄λΆΒ·νμΈΒ·μ¬ν μμμμ λ¨μ κ°μ 극볡νκ³ μ°κ²°μ±μ ν볡νλλ‘ λμΈ μ μλ λλ΄μ΄ νμν κ²μ΄λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ κ²½νμ λν λ€μν μΈ‘λ©΄ μ€ μ΄μ νμλ κ·Έλλ‘μΈ λμ λ¨μ λ μΆμ λͺ¨μλ κ΄μ μ 보μ¬μ€ κ²μ μμκ° μλ€. μμΈλ¬ μ΄ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν λλ‘ ν₯ν μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
λ€μ λ¨μ κ°μ 극볡νκ³ κ΄κ³ ν볡λ ₯μ κ°νν μ μλ λ€μν νλλ€μ΄ κ³ μλμ΄ μ μ©λ κ²μ μ μΈνλ€.I. μλ‘ 1
1. μ΄μΌκΈ°λ₯Ό μ΄κΈ° 1
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1. λ΄λ¬ν°λΈ νκ΅¬λ°©λ² 29
2. λ΄λ¬ν°λΈ νꡬμ κ³Όμ 31
β
£. κ²°κ³Ό 57
1. μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
μ μ§λ³κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨ν μΆ μ΄μΌκΈ° 60
2. μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
μ κ²½νμ΄μΌκΈ°μ μλ―Έ 72
3. μ¬κ΅¬μ±ν μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
μ μ§λ³ κ²½ν 117
β
€. λ
Όμ 135
1. μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
μ λͺ©μ리 136
2. μ μ₯μ΄μ μν μ²μλ
μ μ§λ³ κ²½νμ μλ―Έ 138
3. κ°νΈνμ μμ 154
β
₯. κ²°λ‘ 159
1. κ²°λ‘ 159
2. λ΄λ¬ν°λΈ νꡬμ κ΄ν μ±μ°° 161
3. μ°κ΅¬μ μ νμ λ° μ μΈ 163
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 166
λΆλ‘ 179
Abstract 186Docto
study on the characteristic ways of extension in commercial multi-complexes based on the utilization of common spaces
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : 건μΆνκ³Ό, 2011.8. μ¬μ°κ°.Docto
μ€λ§νΈν° ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ νν μ°κ΅¬: κ°μΈμ μ¬μ© λ‘κ·Έ λΆμμ μ€μ¬μΌλ‘
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ μ΅ν©κ³ΌνκΈ°μ λνμ : μ΅ν©κ³ΌνλΆ, 2015. 2. μ΄μ€μ.μ€λ§νΈν°μμ ν νλ©΄μ κΈ°μ‘΄ λ°μ€ν¬ν± λκΈ°νλ©΄κ³Ό μ μ¬ν μ΄κΈ° νλ©΄μΌλ‘, μ¬μ©μκ° μ 보λ₯Ό κ΄λ¦¬ν μ μλ μΈν°νμ΄μ€ 곡κ°μ΄λ€. μ¬λλ€μ ν¨μ¨μ μΈ μ€λ§νΈν° μ¬μ©μ μν΄ ν νλ©΄μ΄λΌλ κ°μμ 곡κ°μ μ λ³ν κ°μ²΄λ₯Ό μμ λ‘κ² λ°°μΉμν¨λ€. λ°λΌμ ν νλ©΄μλ κ°μΈμ μ€λ§νΈν° μ¬μ© ν¨ν΄μ λ°λ₯Έ μ νΈλκ° λ°μλμ΄ μμΌλ©°, μ΄λ₯Ό λΆμν΄ μ¬λλ€μ μ 보 κ΄λ¦¬ μμλ₯Ό νμ
ν μ μλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ ν νλ©΄ κ΅¬μ± μ λ°μ νμ
ν΄ μ€μ μ€λ§νΈν° μ¬μ© ννκ° λ°μλμλμ§ μ΄νΌκ³ , ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ μ λ΅μ μμλ³΄κ³ μ νλ€. μ¦, κ΄λ¦¬ λ°©μμ μ‘°μ¬ν΄ νλμ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ λͺ¨λΈμ λμΆνκ³ , κ° κ³Όμ μμμ κΈ°μ€κ³Ό λ³λμ μ°ν μ λ΅μ νμ
νμλ€.
μ΄λ₯Ό μν΄ 20~30λ μλλ‘μ΄λ OS μ¬μ©μλ₯Ό λμμΌλ‘ 1) ν μΊ‘μ² νλ©΄μ λͺ¨μ κ·Έ ꡬμ±μ μ΄ν΄λ³΄λ μ‘°μ¬ Aμ 2) μΊ‘μ² νλ©΄ μΈμ μ¬μ© λ‘κ·Έ μμ§κ³Ό μΈν°λ·°, μ€λ¬Έμ λ³νν΄ μ λ°μ μΈ μ»€μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ ννλ₯Ό νμ
ν μ‘°μ¬ Bλ₯Ό μ§ννμλ€. μ‘°μ¬ Aμμλ μμ§ν νκ³Ό μ±μλ μΊ‘μ² νλ©΄μ κ΅¬μ± μμλ₯Ό μ λνν΄ μ λ°μ μΈ νλ©΄ ꡬμ±μ νμ
νμΌλ©°, μ‘°μ¬ Bμμλ μ¬κΈ°μ μ¬μ© νν νμ
μ μν μ μ±μ λΆμμ λ³ννμλ€. νΉν μ‘°μ¬ Bμμλ νμΌλΏ ν
μ€νΈλ₯Ό μνν΄ λ³Έ μ‘°μ¬ μ€κ³λ₯Ό μ κ΅ννκ³ , μμ§ν μΊ‘μ² νλ©΄κ³Ό 1μ£Όκ°μ μ± μ¬μ© λ‘κ·Έλ‘ νλ³μ΄ μ΄λ €μ΄ μ μ±μ μΈ‘λ©΄μ μΈν°λ·°μ μ€λ¬ΈμΌλ‘ νμΈνμλ€.
λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό, μ¬λλ€μ λ©μΈ νμ΄μ§λ₯Ό μ€μ¬μΌλ‘ ν νλ©΄μ ꡬμ±νλ©°, κ° κ³΅κ°μ μ€μλ κΈ°μ€μ λ°λΌ μ°μ μμκ° μ‘΄μ¬νμλ€. ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ λκΈ°μ κ²½μ°, λ°μ ν¨ν΄μ λ°λΌ λ°©μΉν, κ΄λ¦¬ν, νΌν©νμΌλ‘ λΆλ₯ν μ μμλ€. μμ±κ³Ό λ°°μΉ 2λ¨κ³λ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ νλ λͺ¨λΈμ λ°νμΌλ‘, μμ± λ¨κ³μμ μ΄λ€μ§λ μ±μ μ λ³κ³Ό νν κ²°μ κΈ°μ€μ μμλ³΄κ³ λ°°μΉμ 볡ν©μ μΌλ‘ μμ©νλ 6κ°μ§ μμΈ(μ μ¬μ±, μ 보λ, μ¬λ―Έμ±, μ‘°μμ±, μ΅μμ±, λ°°μΉ λΆμ°)μ κ·λͺ
νμλ€.
λΆμ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘, ν νλ©΄μμ 1) 곡κ°μ μ°μ μμμ λ°λΌ κ°μ²΄κ° λ°°μΉλλ©°, 2) νμ΄μ§λ₯Ό λ¨μλ‘ κ°μ²΄κ° κ·Έλ£Ήν λκ³ , λ§μ§λ§μΌλ‘ 3) μλμ μΌλ‘ ν νλ©΄ λ΄ κ³΅λ°±μ΄ νμ©λλ€λ μ μ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ μ£Όμ μ λ΅μΌλ‘ λμΆνμλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ€λ§νΈν° μ¬μ© κ³ λνμ λ°λ₯Έ μ 보 κ³ΌλΆν λ¬Έμ κ° λλνλ μκΈ°μ νλ¬Έμ μΈ λ
Όμκ° λ€μ λΆμ‘±νλ μ€λ§νΈν° ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§μ μ 보 κ³΅κ° μΈ‘λ©΄μμ ν΄μν μ μμ μμμ±μ κ°μ§λ€. λν, μ€μ μ± μ¬μ© λΉλλΌλ κ°κ΄μ μλ£λ₯Ό μ μ±μ μΈ κ°μΈλ³ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ λ°©μκ³Ό νΌν©ν΄ μ’
ν©μ μΌλ‘ μ κ·Όνκ³ μ νμλ€. μ΄λ νμ μ λ
Όμλ₯Ό λμ΄ ν₯ν μ€λ§νΈν° μ 보 κ΄λ¦¬μ κ΄λ ¨λ μλΉμ€μμ μ¬μ©μ νΈμμ± κ°μ μ μμ©λ μ μλ€λ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ μμλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ μ μλ€.μ 1 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬μ λ°°κ²½ λ° λͺ©μ
μ 2 μ₯ κ΄λ ¨ κ°λ
κ³Ό μ ν μ°κ΅¬
μ 1 μ μ 보 곡κ°μ κ΄λ¦¬
1. μ 보 곡κ°μ νΉμ§
2. κ°μΈ μ 보 곡κ°μ κ΄λ¦¬
μ 2 μ μ 보 κ³΅κ° μ»€μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§
1. μ 보 κ³΅κ° μ»€μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ λͺ©μ
2. μ 보 κ³΅κ° μ»€μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ λ°©μ
μ 3 μ μ€λ§νΈν° μ 보 곡κ°μ μ΄ν΄
1. μλλ‘μ΄λ OS μ 보 곡κ°
2. μλλ‘μ΄λ OS μ 보 곡κ°μ μ§ν
3. μλλ‘μ΄λ OS μ 보 κ³΅κ° μΈν°νμ΄μ€
μ 3 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ λ¬Έμ
μ 1 μ μ©μ΄ μ μ
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬ λ¬Έμ
μ 4 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ²
μ 1 μ μ€λ§νΈν° νλ©΄ ꡬμ±(μ‘°μ¬ A)
1. νμ§
2. λ°μ΄ν° μμ§
3. λ°μ΄ν° λΆμ
μ 2 μ ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§(μ‘°μ¬ B)
1. νμΌλΏ μ‘°μ¬
2. νμ§
3. μ°κ΅¬ μ§ν λ° λ°μ΄ν° μμ§
4. λ°μ΄ν° λΆμ
μ 5 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ κ²°κ³Ό
μ 1 μ ν νλ©΄ νΉμ§
1. ν νλ©΄ ꡬμ±
2. ν νλ©΄ μ€μλ
3. μ€μ μ¬μ©κ³Ό μ€μλ
μ 2 μ ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ νλ
1. 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ μν λκΈ°
2. ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§ νλ λͺ¨ν
μ 3 μ ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§-κ°μ²΄ μμ±
1. κ°μ²΄μ μ λ³
2. κ°μ²΄μ νν κ²°μ
μ 4 μ ν νλ©΄ 컀μ€ν°λ§μ΄μ§-κ°μ²΄ λ°°μΉ
1. μ μ¬μ±(κ·Έλ£Ήν)
2. μ 보λ(ν νλ©΄ κ°μ²΄ λ°λ)
3. μ¬λ―Έμ±(λ―Έμ λ§μ‘±λ)
4. μ‘°μμ±
5. μ΅μμ±
6. λ°°μΉ λΆμ°(μ±μλ νμ©)
μ 6 μ₯ κ²°λ‘ λ° μ°κ΅¬μ μμ
μ 1 μ μμ½
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ μμ¬μ
μ 3 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ λ° μ μΈ
μ°Έκ³ λ¬ΈνMaste
A Study of the Creative Composition on Panaori Singing: Based on Danga, "Yeokryeogwagaek" sung by Late Master Kim So-hui
λ¨κ° μ μΈμμ μ¬κ΄κ³Ό κ°κ³ μΈμμ λκ·Έλ€μ κ°λ€.λΌλ λ»μΌλ‘, 1969λ
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μ νμΆ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό λΆμν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ μ μΆν μμ°½λ²μ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, λ³΄ν΅ 4β§4μ‘° μ΄μ¨μ μ¬μ€μ μλ°λΆμκ³Ό μλΆμμ ν¨κ³Όμ μΌλ‘ μμΌλ‘μ¨ κΈ΄μ₯κ³Ό μ΄μ μ£ΌκΈ°κ° λνλ κ·μΉμ μΈ μ¬μ€μμ μ€λ λ¨μ‘°λ‘μμ΄ μμλμλ€. λμ§Έ, μ μ¬μ€μ μ¬μ μ λ°λΌ 4λ¨λ½μΌλ‘ λλ μ μκ³ , μ΄λ νμμ μ ꡬ λ°©μμΈ κΈ°μΉμ κ²°κ³Ό μ μ¬νμλ€. μ
μ‘°κ° μ΄λ₯Ό μ λ°μνκ³ μμλ€. λ¨λ½ Aμμλ νμ‘°λ‘ μ°¨λΆνκ³ λ΄λ΄νκ² μ λ°μ λ΄μκ³ , λ¨λ½ Bμμλ νμ‘°λ₯Ό λ°μ νμ‘°μ μ°μ‘°λ₯Ό κ΅μ°¨ λ°λ³΅ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ λ°μ μμΌ°μΌλ©°, λ¨λ½ Cμμλ κΈ°μ‘΄μ νμ‘°μ μ°μ‘°μ κ³λ©΄μ‘° μ μ¨μ κ°νμ μΌλ‘ μμΌλ‘μ¨ μλ‘μ΄ λ³νλ₯Ό λμκ³ , λ¨λ½ Dμμλ νμ‘°λ‘ μμν ν μ λ°μ μ°μ‘°λ₯Ό μ£Όμ₯νμ¬ λ€μ λΆλ₯΄λ€κ° λ€μ νμ‘°λ‘ λ΄λ΄νκ² λ§λ¬΄λ¦¬νλ€. μ
μ§Έ, λ¨κ°λ νμ리μ κ°μ΄ μ΄λ©΄μ μ€μνλ μμ
μ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ, μμ±μ΄λ μνμ΄λ μμ κ³ μ μ μ₯λ¨μ μ΄λ € μ¬μ€κ° μκ² νννμκ³ , λꡬ λλΉλλ μ¬μ€μ μ μ¨ λν λꡬ λλΉλ₯Ό μ΄λ£¨μλ€. λ·μ§Έ, λΆμμ λλ¬λ μ
μ‘°μ λ³μ‘°μ λ³μ²μ μ ν΅μ μΌλ‘ μ€κΈ°μΈλ€μ΄ κ·Όμ‘ν λ μ리 κΈ°λκ³Ό 곡λ ₯μΌλ‘ λ§λ€μ΄ λΈ κ²°κ³Όλ¬Όμ΄λ€. κ·Έλμ λ³μ‘°λ λ³μ²μ κ²½κ³κ° λ§€μ° μμ°μ€λ½κ² νλ¬κ°λ€. μ ν΅μμ
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