43 research outputs found

    Three dimensional finite element analysis of short implant placement without bone graft on atrophic posterior

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    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€]๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์ถ•๋œ ์ƒ์•…๊ณจ ํ›„๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์— ๊ณจ์ด์‹์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์งง์€ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ˆ์ •์  ์˜ˆํ›„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด์™€ ์‹๋ฆฝ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 3์ฐจ์› ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.4ํ˜• ๊ณจ์งˆ์— ์ƒ์•… ์ขŒ์ธก ์ œ1, 2๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜ ๊ฒฐ์†๋ถ€์œ„์— ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ํ›„ ๊ธˆ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด, ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 4๊ฐœ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ, ์ด 13๊ฐœ์˜ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์—๋Š” CAD ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(Pro E), micro CT๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์‹คํ—˜ 1๊ตฐ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ, ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 13 mm์˜ ์•…๊ณจ๋ชจ๋ธ์— 2๊ฐœ์˜ OsseoSpeedโ„ข 4.5ร—11 mm ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  6ร—2.5 mm Direct Abutmentโ„ข(์ด์ƒ Astra Tech AB, Molndal, Sweden)๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ 2, 3๊ตฐ์€ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 4, 5, 6, 7 mm์˜ ์•…๊ณจ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ 3๊ฐœ์˜ OsseoSpeedโ„ข 3.5ร—8 mm ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์™€ 4ร—2.5 mm Direct Abutmentโ„ข๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ 2๊ตฐ์€ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง๋ ฌ๋กœ ์‹๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜ 3๊ตฐ์€ ๋‹จ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด ์‚ผ๊ฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ(tripodism)๋กœ ์‹๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ 4๊ตฐ์€ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 4, 5, 6, 7 mm์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ Bicon 6ร—5.7 mm ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด, 6ร—5 mm non-shouldered abutment(Bicon Dental Implants, Boston, MA, USA)๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ œ1, 2๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์™€์— ์น˜์•„ ์žฅ์ถ•์—์„œ ํ˜‘์ธก์œผ๋กœ 30ยฐ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง„ 187 N์”ฉ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค.์‹คํ—˜ 2๊ตฐ์˜ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 6, 7 mm ๋ชจ๋ธ, ์‹คํ—˜ 3๊ตฐ์˜ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 5, 6, 7 mm ๋ชจ๋ธ, ์‹คํ—˜ 4๊ตฐ์˜ ์ž”์กด๊ณจ ๊นŠ์ด 4, 5, 6, 7 mm ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์น˜์กฐ์ • ํ”ผ์งˆ๊ณจ์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜ 1๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€์‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ 2๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹คํ—˜ 3๊ตฐ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜ 2,3๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹คํ—˜ 4๊ตฐ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค.์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์œ„์ถ•๋œ ์ƒ์•…๊ณจ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•œ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ์ƒ์•…๋™ ๊ณจ์ด์‹์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜, ์ง๊ฒฝ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์น˜์กฐ๊ณจ์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์‘๋ ฅ์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]The purpose of this study was to evaluate alternatives to bone graft in treating atrophic posterior maxilla with implants, by means of finite element analysis. It was assumed that maxillary 1st and 2nd molars were missed and to be restored with implants and splinted gold crowns. Four groups of thirteen posterior edentulous maxilla models were fabricated according to various residual bone depth and treatment plan. Residual bone depth was 13 mm in group 1 model and 4, 5, 6, 7 mm in group 2, 3, 4 model. In group 1, it was considered as a control group, two sets of OsseoSpeedโ„ข 4.5ร—11 mm fixture and 6ร—2.5 mm Direct Abutmentโ„ข(Astra Tech AB, Molndal, Sweden) were placed in maxilla model. In group 2 and 3, three sets of OsseoSpeedโ„ข 3.5ร—8 mm fixture and 4ร—2.5 mm Direct Abutmentโ„ข were installed in maxilla model. On the contrary to the linear arrangement of implants in group 2 models, fixtures were place in staggered position(tripodism) in group 3 models. In group 4, two pieces of Bicon 6ร—5.7 mm fixture and 6ร—5 mm non-shouldered abutment(Bicon Dental Implants, Boston, MA, USA) were set into each maxilla model. Oblique loading of 187N was applied on each central fossa of 1st and 2nd molar at 30ยฐto the long axis. Finite element analysis was conducted and following results were obtained. Maximum von Mises stresses on crestal cortical bone were lower in group 2 models with 6, 7 mm residual bone depth than in group 1 model. And so it was in group 3 models of 5, 6, 7 mm depth and in all the models of group 4. By this numerical simulation, it was confirmed that effective stress distribution could be obtained in maxilla model by increasing the number or diameter of implant instead of bone grafting. Additionally, it is essential to verify these results through in vivo study.ope

    Experimental studies on the induction of cryptorchism with estrogen

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    ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹คํ—˜์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์  ์กฐ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์„ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œ์ผœ ์‹œ ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์™€๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์  ์กฐ์ž‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์†์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” estrogenํˆฌ์—ฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜ ์œ ๋ฐœ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Sprague- Dawley๊ณ„ ๋ฐฑ์„œ์— depoestradiol cypionate์„ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๋ฐ” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. Depoestradiol cypionate 0.5-2.0mg/rat์„ ์ˆ˜์ • 2์ฃผ์งธ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋˜๊ฑฐ ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ›„ 1์ผ์ด๋‚ด์— ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. Depoestradiol cypionate 0.3mg/kg์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์ด ์œ ๋ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. 3. Depoestradiol cypionate 0.3mg/rat์„ ์ƒํ›„ 1์ฃผ์žฌ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋ก€์—์„œ ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์ด ์œ ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•„ estrogen์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹คํ—˜๋™๋ฌผ์— ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์„ ์œ  ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ณ ํ™˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ ์ด์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Previous experimental studies on cryptorchism have been done with surgical manipulation which brought already descended gonads in the abdomen. However, the possibility of tissue damage with surgical manipulation has been discussed as a limitation of this procedure. In an effort to observe the possibility of the induction of cryptorchism with estrogen, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intramuscularly with depoestradiol cypionate of various dosage schedule and timing of treatment. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. In cases treated with 0.5-2.0mg/rat of depoestradiol cypionate at 2 weeks of pregnancy, stillbirth or death in 24hrs after birth resulted in offsprings. 2. Cryporchism was not induced in all cases treated with 0.3mg/kg of depoestradiol cypionate irrespective of the age at treatment. 3. Cyptorchism was induced in all cases treated with 0.3mg/rat of depoestradiol cypionate at 1 week after birth. This results might be used as a basis of the related and consecutive studies on cryptorchism.restrictio

    Korean Grammar for Foreign Learners of NIKL

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    National Institute of the Korean Language(NIKL) published 'Korean Grammar for foreign learners' this year. The two books are 'Korean Grammar for foreign learners 1 - system', and 'Korean Grammar for foreign learners 2 - usage', respectively. Compilation of the books began in 2000 for the purpose of providing the standard Korean grammar to the learners and teachers of Korean as a foreign language. The two books are complementary in that 'Korean Grammar l' without 'Korean Grammar 2' is not useful because the meaning and usage of each grammatical expressions can not be grasped and the other way is the same

    Production of the antibody against taxol using hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA conjugate

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    ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” taxol์˜ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฉด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™•๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ, taxol์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จํด๋ก  ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์ด 853 Da์ธ taxol์€ ๋ฉด์—ญ์›์„ฑ์ด ์—†์–ด bovine serum albumin(BSA)์„ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚จ ํ•ฉํ… ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ taxol์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Taxol๊ณผ BSA๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด succinic anhydride๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ hemisuccinyltaxol์„ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋•Œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์œจ์€ 70% ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— BSA๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋•Œ hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋Š” BSA 1 ๋ถ„์ž๋‹น ์•ฝ 3 ๋ถ„์ž์˜ taxol์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ UV ๋ถ„๊ด‘๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ BALB/C mouse์— ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ELISA ์ธก์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ ‘์ข…๋œ ์‹คํ—˜๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ํ˜ˆ์ฒญ ํ•ญ์ฒด ์—ญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ 1:62,000 ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋น„์žฅ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์•„ Sp2/0 Ag.14 ๊ณจ์ˆ˜์ข… ์„ธํฌ์™€ polyethylene glycol(PEG) 1500์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์œตํ•ฉ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋น„์žฅ์„ธํฌ์™€ ๊ณจ์ˆ˜์ข… ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์œตํ•ฉํ•œ hybridoma๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด hypoxanthine, aminopterin, thymidine(HAT)๊ณผ 3%์˜ agarose๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฐ˜๊ณ ์ฒด ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์— hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฉด์—ญ์ ‘์ข… ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ carrier protein์ธ BSA์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ํ•ญ์ฒด์™€ taxol์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ‘œ์ค€ taxol ์šฉ์•ก์„ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ํšจ์†Œ๋ฉด์—ญ์ธก์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1:30,000์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์„ํ•œ ํ˜ˆ์ฒญ์—์„œ 1,000 ng์˜ taxol์ด ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ UV ํ™‰๊ด‘๋„๊ฐ€ 0.35์—์„œ 0.30์œผ๋กœ 0.05๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1:10,000์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์„๋œ ํ˜ˆ์ฒญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํก๊ด‘๋„๊ฐ€ 0.60์—์„œ 0.51๋กœ 0.09๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ๋ณ„๋œ43๊ฐœ์˜ hybridoma์—์„œ hemisucciyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด BSA์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 7๊ฐœ์˜ hybridoma๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋“ค hybriduma ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํšŒ์„ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ™‰๊ด‘๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ 3G5 hybridoma๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Hybridoma 3G5์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ taxol์„ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ํšจ์†Œ๋ฉด์—ญ์ธก์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์ค€ taxol 1,000 ng์ด ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด์— ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ฒด์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์€ 40% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Taxol์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จํด๋ก  ํ•ญ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด [(125)**I] idotyraminehemisuccinyltaxol์„ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ง€ํ•ญ์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—ญ์ธก์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์› ํ•ญ์ฒด ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ [(125)**] idotyraminehemisuccinyltaxol๊ณผ ํ•ญ์›-ํ•ญ์ฒด ์ฐฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” dextran coated charcoal์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, hybridoma 3G5์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์—์„œ 27%์˜ B/T(%) ๊ฐ’์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ด๋•Œ ๋น„ํŠน์ด์  ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋Šฅ์€ 19% ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.Hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•œ ํ† ๋ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ sandwich ELISA๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 3G5 hybridoma ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก ์•ˆ์—์„œ taxol์— ํŠน์ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ์ฒด์˜ ์—ญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1:128์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” hybridoma๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” taxol์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จํด๋ก  ํ•ญ์ฒด์˜ ์—ญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด taxol์˜ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญํ•™์  ์ธก์ •๋ฒ•์— ์ด์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Taxol is a natural product extracted from Taxus brevifolia barks, and it is shown to be clinically active against ovalian and breast cancer. Taxol is a potential inhibitor of eukaryotic cell pleliferaction, blocking cell cycle progression at mitosis through its stabilizing actions on spindle microtubles, In this study, the production of hybridoma secreting monoclonal antibodies to taxol is described to establish an immunoassay system for detecting taxol and its analogues in natural extracts and serums of taxol treated patients. Hemisllccinyltaxol was synthesized by esterification of taxol molecule with succinic anhydride with 70% yield. Henlisllccinyltaxol-BSA conjugate was prepared as an immunogen and in the conjugate the molar ratio of BSA to taxol was calculated 1 to 3. Antibody titer of inmmuized mouse serum was determined more than 1:62,000 by ELISA and competitive inhibition ELISA with free taxol reduced to 80% of its abforbance. Splenocytes provided from hyperimnlllnized BALB/C moLlse and Sp2/0 Ag.14 nlyeloma cells fused with PEG 1500 and hybridomas were selected by 3% agarose semisolid medium supplemented HAT. The culture supernatants from hybridoma were assayed for taxol antibody in ELISA coated with hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA. From the assay results, 43 hybridomas were supposed to produce an antibody to taxol. By ELISA using BSA coated plates, 36 hybridomas were ruled out for their reactivity to BSA. By ELISA using a direct taxol coated plate, the 3G5 hybridoma culture supernatant showed the reactivity to taxol. In a competitive inhibition ELISA with 3G5 hybridoma culture supernatant, the absorbance was inhibited to 60% in the presence of 1,000 ng taxol. The culture supernatant of 3G5 hybridoma was performed the RIA to identify the taxol antibody with[(125)**I] iodotyraminehemisuccinyltaxol prepared as tracer. Hybridoma 3G5 producedthe antibody which bound to taxol with 27% B/T ratio in RIA using a [(125)**I] iodotyraminehemisuccinyltaxol tracer then the non-specific bindings were 19% B/T ratio. The rabbit anti-hemisuccinyltaxol-BSA serum was used in sandwich ELISA. When the taxol was used as antigen in sandwich ELISA, the 3G5 hybridoma culture supernatant showed reactivity to taxol. The antibody titer was 1:128 by sandwich ELISA. Prepared 3G5 hybridoma secreting taxol antibody is helpful to establish the immunoassay for semi-quantitative detection for taxol and its analogues.restrictio

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 8. ๊น€์šฐ์ง„.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํŒŒ๋งˆ์™€ ํ”„๋ Œ์น˜(2006) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„ํ•˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฃฌ๋””, ์ ฑ(2013)์ด ๋ฐ€๋Ÿฌ-๋ชจ๋””๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์•„๋‹ˆ(1961)์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋‹นํ• ์ธ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ด์ต, ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ์•„๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๋‹นํ• ์ธ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ด์ต๊ณผ ์Œ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ด์ต๊ณผ ์–‘์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์‹ค์ฆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๋‹นํ• ์ธ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์ˆ˜์ค€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋‹น๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ๊ธฐ์—…์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ํ„ฑ์—†์ด ๋ชจ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ด์ต๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ์žฌ๋ฒŒ๊ณผ ๋น„์žฌ๋ฒŒ์˜ ๋‘ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ „ํ›„๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.Fama and French (2006) and Aharoni et al. (2013) use the dividend discount model to develop the role of expected investment and expected profitability to predict stock returns at the per share level and firm level, respectively. The valuation model posits that the expected return is negatively related to expected investment and positively related to expected profitability. Using Korean, data, this paper shows that the valuation relations do not apply at both the per-share level and firm-level, except for the effect of expected profitability on the stock return, which appears to be positive and significant at the firm-level. In addition, the paper examines measurement error problem in the fitted values from the first-stage regressions, which makes the use of profitability and asset growth variable unreliable with Korean data. The paper also examines the relation between stock returns and expected profitability and expected investment among chaebols and non-chaebols at different time periods to bring insights into models predictions and unique characteristics in Korean firms.I. Introduction 5 II. Literature Review 8 III. Data, methodology, and summary statistics 10 IV. First-stage regressions 16 V. Second-Stage regression 20 VI. Goodness of fit test 25 VII. Sub-sample analysis based on chaebols 29 VIII. Sub-sample analysis based on crisis periods 33 IX. Conclusion 38 References 40 ์ดˆ๋ก 42Maste

    Comparison of marginal fit, loosening torque and interchangeability of fixture-abutment assembly betwee

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    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ์‚ฐ Avana ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์™€ Branemark ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์™€ ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„, ์ƒํ˜ธํ˜ธํ™˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ’€๋ฆผํšŒ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ Branemark 3.75ร—13ใŽœ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด 5๊ฐœ, 4ใŽœ standard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ 5๊ฐœ, 2ใŽœ Estheticone ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ 5๊ฐœ(Nobel Biocare, Goeborg, Sweden)์™€ Avana 3.75ร—13mm ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด 5๊ฐœ, 4ใŽœ stadard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ 5๊ฐœ, 2ใŽœ Estheticone ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ 5๊ฐœ(Soomin systhesis dental materials Co, Busan, Korea)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์™€ ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€๋Œ€๋‚˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํ’€๋ฆผํšŒ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์™€ ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ 40๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹œํŽธ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์ „์žํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ 860๋ฐฐ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์œจ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณ€์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ(marginal gap)๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ ๋ณ€์—ฐ์˜ค์ฐจ(horizontal marginal discrepancy)๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •, ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1.๋ณ€์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์€, Standard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— Avana ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ๊ฐ€ Branemark ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ ์˜์ฐจ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์•˜๊ณ (p0.05), 2.์ˆ˜ํ‰์ ๋ณ€์—ฐ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š”, Standard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— Avana ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์ด Branemark ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด-Avana ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ, Avana๊ณ ์ •์ฒด-Branemark ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ, Branemark๊ณ ์ •์ฒด -Brsnemark ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ ์˜€๋‹ค(p<0.05). Estheticone ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— Branemark ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด-Avana ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๋‹ค์Œ์ด Avana-Avana, Branemark-Branemark, Avana-Branemark์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ ์˜€๋‹ค(p<0.05). 3. ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์™€ ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ถ€์œ„์˜ ์™ธํ˜•์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ธก์œผ๋กœ ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ถ€ Avana standard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์ถœ๋œ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ์ง€๋Œ€๋‚˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํ’€๋ฆผํšŒ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ Avana ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜์ฐจ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋†’์€ ํ’€๋ฆผํšŒ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค(p<0.05) ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•  ๋•Œ Avana ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ๋Š” Branemark ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋น„๊ต์  ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ Avana standard ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ •์ฒด์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ง€๋Œ€์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์™ธ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] In this study, we compared marginal fit, loosening torque, interchangeability of fixture-abutment assembly between Branemark implant and Avana implant which was made in Korea for the purpose of improvement of implant made in Korea. Materials were Branemark implant(Nobel Biocare, Goteborg, Sweden)and Avana implant(Soomin systhesis dental materials Co, Busan, Korea). In each implant system, we took five pieces of 3.75ร—13mm self-tap fixture,4ใŽœ standard abutment, 2ใŽœ Estheticone abutment. Firstly, we measured loosening torque of abutment screw between fixture and standard abutment in each implant. Secondly, we measured and evaluated marginal gap and horizontal marginal discrepancy of fixture-abutment assembly with SEM microphotograph(magnification x860). We assembled fixture and abutment of each implant system and interchanged the components. The results are as follows. 1.Avana implant showed smaller marginal gap than Branemark implant in the combinations of standard abutment(p0.05) . 2.Avana implant showed the smallest horizontal marginal discrepancy in the combinations of standard abutment, then comes Branemark fixture-Avana abutment, Avana fixture-Branemark abutment, Branemark fixture-Branemark abutment in that order(p<0.05). In the case of Estheticone abutment, the assembly of Branemark fixture-Avana Estheticone abutment showed the smallest horizontal marginal discrepancy, then comes Avana fixture-Avana abutment, Branemark fixture-Branemark abutment, Avana fixture-Branemark abutment in that order(p<0.05) 3.In the evaluation of the profile of fixture-abutment joint, most assembly showed overhanded fixture, but some assembly with Avana standard abutment showed overhanded abutment. 4.Avana implant showed higher loosening torque of abutment screw than Branemark implant(p<0.05) .According to the results above, Avana implant showed slightly more precise marginal fit, but some Avana standard abutments were overhanged. So more study will be needed in that field.ope

    Sertoli cell changes according to the induction and repair of varicocele in rats

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    ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์ •์žํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Š” Sertoli์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ •์žํ˜•์„ฑ์˜ ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์Œ๋‚ญ๋‚ด ์˜จ๋„์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ Sertol i์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด Sertoli์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ์˜จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ €ํ•ญ ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ์˜จ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†์ƒ๋œ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ์„œ Sertoli์„ธ ํฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์„ฑ์ธ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ณ ํ™˜์ƒ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ • ์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์†์ƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•œ ์„ธ์ •๊ด€๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์–ด, Sertoli์„ธ ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•œ ์›์ˆญ์ด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ 2๋…„ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํšŒ๋ณต๋จ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ •์žํ˜•์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ๊ธฐ์ „์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธ ํฌ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ž€์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ •์žํ˜•์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ๊ธฐ์ „ ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ํฐ์ฅ์—์„œ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ  ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์™€ ๊ฐ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์ขŒ์ธก ๋‚ด์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ขŒ์ธก ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  , ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šฐ์ธก ๋‚ด์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋„ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์–‘์ธก์„ฑ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. Sertoli์„ธํฌ, ์ •์กฐ์„ธํฌ, ์ •๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ณ ํ™˜๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” Sertoli์„ธํฌ ์„ธํฌ์งˆ๋‚ด์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉํฌํ•จ๋ฌผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ „๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐํƒˆ๋ฝ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ ํ™˜์ค‘๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํ‰๊ท  ์„ธ์ •๊ด€์ง๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ›„๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 4. Sertoli์„ธํฌ์‚ฌ์ด ์—ฐ์ ‘์€ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜ ์œ ๋ฐœํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ์ •์ƒ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ  ์‹œํ–‰ ํ›„์— Sertoli์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ ์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐํƒˆ๋ฝ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ํ™˜์ค‘๋Ÿ‰, ํ‰๊ท  ์„ธ์ •๊ด€์ง๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ€ ํ›„๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 6. ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ  ์‹œํ–‰ ํ›„์—๋„ Sertoli์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐํƒˆ๋ฝ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ณ ํ™˜์ค‘๋Ÿ‰, ํ‰๊ท  ์„ธ์ •๊ด€์ง๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ›„๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ ์ˆ˜์˜ ํšŒ๋ณต์ด ๋ฏธ์•ฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ์ •๊ณ„์ •๋งฅ๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ํ˜ˆ์•ก์„ธ์ •๊ด€๊ด€๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์žํ˜•์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ •๊ด€๋‚ด์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ์  ๋ถ€์œ„๋Š” Sertoli์„ธํฌ์ด๊ณ , Sertoli์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ํƒˆ๋ฝ๋˜๋ฉฐ, Sertoli์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ •์ž๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์ •์ž์„ธํฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Interactions between Sertoli cells and germ cells are essential for spermatogenesis. It is generally felt that the effect of intrascrotal temperature being elevated in the varicocele patient impairs spermatogenic function. The studies concerned with the effect of heat on the testes demonstrated that Sertoli cells are relatively resistant and the impairment of Sertoli cell function is secondary to change in the germ cell complement. But, in testicular biopsies from varicocele patients, Sertoli cell changes were observed in seminiferous tubules where spermatogenic disruption was minimal. This suggests that Sertoli cell chanties Precedes chanties in the germ cells. Studies of induced varicoceles in adult monkeys demonstrated that initial Sertoli cell changes returned to normal after two years spontaneously. So, the relationship between Sertoli cells and germ cells in varicocele remains controversial. Therefore, to study this relationship in varicocele, seminiferous tubular chanties were observed in pubertal rats according to the length of time after induction of the varicocele and the interval between induction and repair of the varicocele. The results are as follows: 1. The degree of left internal spermatic vein dilation was similar regardless of the length of time after induction of the varicocele. As the duration of the varicocele increased, right internal spermatic vein dilation was also observed. So, the incidence of bilateral varicoceles increased in relation to the duration of the induced varicocele. 2. The number of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and early spermatids was not signnificantly different from the controls. Again, this had no relationship to the duration of the varicocele. 3. As the length of time of the varicocele increased, accumulation of lipid inclusions within the Sertoli cell cytoplasm appeared first and then premature sloughing of the early spermatids appeared. Lastly, decrease in testicular weight and mean seminiferous tubular diameter together with decrease in the number of late spermatids were observed. 4. Inter-Sertoli cell junctions were Preserved unrelated to the duration of the varicocele. 5. When Sertoli cell changes were reversed after varicocele repair, premature sloughing of the early spermatids was not observed. The testicular weight, mean seminiferous tubular diameter and number of late spermatids were significantly increased compared to controls. 6. When Sertoli cell changes were not fully reversed after varicocele repair, premature slough-ing of the early spermatids was still observed. The testicular weight, mean seminiferous tubular diameter and number of late spermatids were not significantly increased compared to controls. These results suggest that the blood-testis barrier remains intact in varicocele. The Sertoli cell is the primary intratubular site of alteration leading secondarily to spermatogenic disruption in varicocele. Changes in the Sertoli cell cause premature sloughing of the early spermatids and affect maximally the spermatid stage.restrictio

    The urine-blood PCOโ‚‚gradient during NaHCOโ‚ƒloading as a diagnostic index of H+-ATPase defect distal renal tubular acidosis

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    Thesis (master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ๋‚ด๊ณผํ•™,2003.Maste
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