개에서 치주염 치료를 위한 항생농도 이하 doxycycline의 경구투여에 대한 평가

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과 수의외과학 전공, 2012. 8. 서강문.Periodontal inflammatory disease is one of the most prevalent disease affecting both humans and small animals. Prior to any other treatments for the chronic periodontitis, mechanical removal of plaque and calculus should be achieved. In human medicine, several medical treatment options were established after the periodontal debridement. Subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline (SDD) is one of adjunctive treatments which downregulate the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are key destructive enzymes in periodontitis in humans. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the SDD of dogs which would not reach the antimicrobial concentration, but had the inhibitory effect of matrix metalloproteinases using experimentally induced periodontitis model. This study consists of three chapters. Chapter I demonstrated the effectiveness of modified silk ligature twisted with wire for the induction of advanced periodontitis. Twenty beagles were divided into 4 groups according to the ligature-inducing materials: soft-moistened food only, wire ligature, silk ligature and silk-wire twisted ligature. Experimental periodontitis was induced by ligation using each material according to the groups on the cervix of 6 teeth in each dog. The periodontal inflammation status was evaluated using clinical periodontal parameters and dental radiography before and 60 days after ligation. The ligatures were checked daily, and the day the ligature fell out was recorded. The silk-wire twisted ligature induced the most intense periodontitis and remained the most stable compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Chapter II demonstrated the identification of SDD for the treatment of periodontitis in dog. Twenty healthy beagles were used for measurement of the serum concentration of doxycycline. The beagles were divided into 4 groups according to the administration dose. Doxycycline hyclate was orally given at a single dose of 1, 2, 3 and 5 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-administration at the same time and the serum concentrations of doxycycline were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean serum doxycycline concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/kg groups were maintained significantly lower than the minimal inhibitory concentration of doxycycline during 24 hours. The evaluated SDD was used for the assessment of the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory effects using gelatin zymography. Fifteen beagles with periodontitis were used for the evaluation of the efficacy of SDD for one-month administration. Five beagles were assigned to each group, and each group was orally administrated 0, 1 and 2 mg/kg of doxycycline once a day. Before and after the experimental phase, clinical periodontal status and MMPs expression of periodontium were evaluated. The zymographic intensities which reflected MMPs expression significantly decreased in the SDD administrated groups compared to control group. Clinical improvements of periodontal status were dose-dependent (P<0.05). Chapter III demonstrated the influence of oral administration of SDD to the normal periodontal flora. Experimental periodontitis using the silk-wire twisted ligature were induced in twelve healthy beagles. The dogs were randomly assigned to one of two groups: SDD (doxycycline, 2 mg/kg) and control group. Clinical periodontal status was evaluated and subgingival plaque was sampled on weeks 0, 4 and 8. Sampled plaque was cultured in the completely anaerobic system for one week and the total anaerobes, Porphyromonas spp., Bacteroid spp. and Pasturella spp. were counted. Using the agar dilution method, minimum bactericidal concentration of doxycycline was evaluated and resistance for doxycycline was monitored during experimental phase. The clinical periodontal status of SDD group was significantly improved compared to the control group. All kinds of bacterial counts were not significantly different between the two groups. Antibacterial resistance was not established in the SDD group during the experimental periods (P<0.05). Based on the results of the present studies, oral administration of 2 mg/kg doxycycline, once a day, was identified as appropriate dose for the periodontitis which should not affect the antimicrobial susceptibility of the periodontal flora in the dog. Therefore, it is suggested that once a day oral regimen of 2 mg/kg doxycycline could serve as a SDD for periodontitis in dogs.CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••1 CHAPTER I. A Modified Method for Inducing Periodontitis in Dogs Using a Silk-Wire Twisted Ligature Abstract•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••6 Introduction•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••7 Materials and Methods••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••9 1. Experimentally induced periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••10 2. Periodontal status evaluation••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••12 3. Statistical analyses••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••16 Results 1. Ligature maintenance periods•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••17 2. Periodontal status••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••19 Discussion••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••25 Conclusions•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••28   CHAPTER II. Determination of Subantimicrobial Dose of Doxycycline for the Treatment of Periodontitis in Beagle Dogs Abstract••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••30 Introduction••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••32 Materials and Methods 1. Assessment of serum doxycycline levels •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••34 2. Clinical and biochemical effect of SDD for periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••36 3. Statistical analyses••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••39 Results 1. Doxycycline concentrations in the serum•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••40 2. Clinical effects of SDD for periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••42 3. Biochemical effects of SDD for periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••45 Discussion••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••48 Conclusions•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••52   CHAPTER III. Clinical and Microbiological Effects of Subantimicrobial Dose of Oral Doxycycline on Periodontitis in Dogs Abstract••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••54 Introduction••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••55 Materials and Methods•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••57 1. Experimentally induced periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••58 2. Evaluation of clinical effects of SDD on periodontitis•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••59 3. Periodontal plaque culture•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••61 4. Statistical analyses••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••63 Results 1. Periodontal status••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••64 2. Subgingival microflora and the antimicrobial resistance••••••••••••••67 Discussion••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••71 Conclusions•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••74 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••75 REFERENCES••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••77 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••87Docto

1일령 자돈에서 돼지 생식기 호흡기 증후군 생독 백신 접종시 성장률 개선

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의과대학 수의학과, 2018. 8. 채찬희.A porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) modified live-virus (MLV) vaccine was evaluated under field conditions for registration as recommended by the Republic of Korea's Animal, Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspection Agency. A single dose of the vaccine was administered to 1-day-old piglets and their growth performance was monitored under field conditions. Three separate farms were selected based on their history of PRRSV-associated respiratory diseases. On each farm, 40 pigs were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups: (i) vaccinated (n = 20) and (ii) unvaccinated (n = 20) pigs at 1 day of age. Vaccinated pigs showed an increase in their market weight by 6.23 kilograms per pig compared to the unvaccinated pigs (98.01 kilograms in vaccinated group vs. 91.78 kilograms in unvaccinated groupP < 0.05) and exhibited a decrease in mortality rate by 6.7%P (3.3% in vaccinated group vs. 10% in unvaccinated groupP < 0.05). The pigs had a sufficiently mature immune system for the vaccine to elicit humoral and cell-mediated immunity (as measured by anti-PRRSV antibodies and PRRSV-specific interferon-γ secreting cells, respectively) at 1 day of age even in the presence of maternally derived antibodies. The results presented in this study demonstrate that the PRRSV MLV vaccine is effective in improving growth performance from day 1 all the way to day 182 in endemic farms suffering with PRRSV-2 infection or both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 infection.Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Material and methods 4 Results 9 Discussion 24 Acknowledgement 27 References 28 Abstract in Korea 32Maste

순조 15년(1815) 惠慶宮 洪氏의 薨逝와 顯隆園 合祔

순조 15년(1815) 12월 15일 申時에 惠慶宮 洪氏(1735~1815)가 昌慶宮 景春殿에서 薨逝하였다. 순조는 즉시 정조 13년(已酉, 1789) 思悼世子(1735~1762) 의 묘인 顯隆園을 조성 할 때의 예에 따라 領議政 金載瓚(1746~1827)을 摠護使로 임명하고 國喪을 총괄하도록 하였다. 아울러 襄禮都監，殯宮• 魂宮都監，園所都監 등을 설치하여 각종 喪禮 의식을 준비 하였다. 조선은 국왕과 왕비의 장례를 國葬으로 치렀다. 국장은 《國朝五禮義》가운데 凶禮에 해 당하는 매우 중요한 행사였다. 정부에서는 昇週 직후부터 葬地헤 안장할 때까지 약 5개월 동안 각종 의식과 행사를 실행하기 위해 임시기구인 三都監을 설치하였다. 삼도감 가운데 國葬都監은 儀典과 財政，施設，文翰 등의 업무와 發靷하는 일을 주관하였다. 殯殿都監은 시신을 수습하고，이를 모시는 빈전 설치와 운영을 맡았다. 魂殿都監 은 神主를 모실 魂殿의 설치와 유지를 담당하였다. 빈전도감과 혼전도감은 업무의 중복이 많았으므로 대부분 하나 의 도감으로 운영하였다

협동학습 상황에서 숙달목표가 학업자기개념, 친밀감에 따라 사회비교와 학업성취에 미치는 영향

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 교육학과, 2017. 2. 신종호.협동학습 효과에 관한 메타분석 연구들은 협동학습이 개별학습, 경쟁학습과 비교했을 때 놓은 성취를 가져온다고 보고한다. 그러나 동시에 다수의 연구들은 협동학습이 저 성취 학생과 고 성취 학생의 높은 학업성취를 보장하지 않는다는 연구 결과를 내놓고 있다. 이와 같은 연구결과의 불일치는 지금까지의 협동학습 연구들이 협동학습 과정에서 유발되는 주요한 변인을 간과해 왔다는 것을 시사하며 본 연구에서는 이러한 변인으로 학습자의 사회비교에 주목하고자 하였다. 개인학습과 경쟁학습 상황에서 학습자는 사회비교의 대상을 선택할 수 있으며 학습자가 조금 더 잘하는 사람을 비교 대상으로 삼거나 유사한 사람을 비교대상으로 삼았을 때 학업수행에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 협동학습은 학습자가 선택할 수 있는 사회비교의 대상을 제한하게 된다. 따라서 저 성취학생은 고 성취학생과 한 집단으로 편성되기도 하며 이때 유발되는 사회비교는 학습자의 학업수행에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 이에 본 연구는 협동학습 상황에서 유발되는 사회비교와 학업성취가 숙달목표를 통해 어떻게 변화하는지 확인하고자 하였으며, 이러한 숙달목표의 효과가 학습자 변인인 학업자기개념과 친밀감에 따라 달라지는 양상을 확인하고자 하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 협동학습 상황에서 숙달목표가 학습자 내적 변인인 학업자기개념, 친밀감에 따라 사회비교와 학업성취에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 수행되었다. 연구문제 1에서는 독립변인으로 숙달목표, 학업자기개념, 친밀감, 숙달목표와 학업자기개념 간의 상호작용, 숙달목표와 친밀감 간의 상호작용 변인을 투입하였으며 종속변인으로 사회비교를 투입하여 분석을 실시하였다. 연구문제 2에서는 독립변인으로 숙달목표, 학업자기개념, 친밀감, 숙달목표와 학업자기개념 간의 상호작용, 숙달목표와 친밀감 간의 상호작용 변인을 투입하였으며 종속변인으로 학업성취를 투입하여 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 학업자기개념이 사회비교에 미치는 유의미한 영향이 확인되었다. 둘째, 학업자기개념은 학업성취에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 숙달목표와 친밀감은 학업성취에 상호작용효과를 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 협동학습상황에서 숙달목표가 학업자기개념, 친밀감에 따라 사회비교와 학업성취에 미치는 영향이 개별학습상황과 경쟁학습상황에서 미치는 영향과는 다른 양상으로 나타날 수 있음을 보여준다. 결론부분에서는 이와 관련한 연구의 의의와 시사점을 논의하였다.Ⅰ. 서론 1 1. 연구의 목적 및 필요성 1 2. 연구문제 8 3. 주요용어 정의 9 가. 숙달목표 9 나. 학업자기개념 9 다. 친밀감 10 라. 사회비교 10 마. 학업성취 10 Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 11 1. 협동학습 11 2. 협동학습과 학업성취 16 3. 협동학습과 사회비교 20 가. 사회비교 20 나. 협동학습과 사회비교 25 4. 성취목표와 사회비교, 학업성취 29 가. 성취목표와 사회비교 29 나. 성취목표와 학업성취 30 5. 숙달목표와 학업자기개념 간의 상호작용 32 6. 숙달목표와 친밀감 간의 상호작용 36 Ⅲ. 연구가설 43 Ⅳ. 연구방법 44 1. 연구참여자 44 2. 실험절차 45 3. 연구도구 48 가. 협동학습모형 48 나. 협동학습과제 49 다. 숙달목표 49 라. 사회비교 50 마. 학업성취 51 바. 학업자기개념 51 사. 친밀감 52 4. 분석방법 52 Ⅴ. 연구결과 53 1. 사전 집단 동질성 검증 53 2. 실험처치 충실성 검증 55 3. 주요 변수의 기술통계 56 4. 협동학습 상황에서 숙달목표가 학업자기개념, 친밀감에 따라 사회비교에 미치는 영향 58 5. 협동학습 상황에서 숙달목표가 학업자기개념, 친밀감에 따라 학업성취에 미치는 영향 60 Ⅵ. 결론 62 1. 주요 연구결과 요약 62 2. 논의 및 시사점 63 3. 추후 연구를 위한 제언 68 참고문헌 71 부록 83 Abstract 85Maste

(The)Recovery of sovereign powers and royal ceremony during the early reign of King Kojong, 1863-1876

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :국사학과,2003.Docto

Can Artificial Intelligence Change the Practice of Managing Hypertension?

ope

Factors Influencing Media Addiction of Preschool Children : Using the Korean Children's Panel

Background According to the 2019 Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, the rate of dependency on the Internet for 4th graders is rapidly increasing to 8.1% in 2017 and 10.6% in 2019. Against this backdrop, children and adolescents are more addicted to the media. In order to prevent children's media addiction, It is time to study the factors that affect elementary school students' media addiction. Subject and Methods In order to analyze factors related to media addiction of school children, 2008 ~ 2017 years of children panel data were used. ·The factors of individual children were gender, birth weight, delivery type, growth test(DENVER Ⅱ from 2008, 2010). ·The age of the mother, mother's prenatal depression, mother's depression index(period of depression for eight-year), parent's final education level, and mother’s smoking habits were used as parental factors. ·Environmental factors include monthly average household income, parental contribution index, parental income, whether a child owns a room, time spent alone without adults, sibling status, and school adaptation index. ·Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed by dividing children's media poisoning into normal, potential, and high-risk groups. Results As for individual children, there were significant differences in gender, growth test after 1 year of birth, and self-esteem of children. For boys, the odds ratio of potential risk groups compared to girls is 1.88(95% CI: 1.18-3.00),. The odds ratio for the high risk group was 1.84(95% CI: 1.36-2.49). The result from growth test after 1year of birth, showed a statistically significant difference in the odds ratio of 1.76 (95% CI: 1.15-2.71) to the high-risk group, compared to normal children with suspicious development. As one point of childresn’s self esteem increased, the odds ratio of high-risk patients decreased to 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86-0.98). As a parent factor, the mother depression period showed a statistically significant difference. If the depression period is extended by one year, the odds ratio for children to be a potential risk group is 1.14 (95% CI: 1.02-1.28). The odds ratio for children at high risk also increased to 1.24 (95% CI: 1.15-1.33). In environmental factors, there were significant differences in the time spent alone, whether the children were in separate rooms, and whether they were siblings. Based on children who do not have time alone, the odds ratio for children who spend more than two hours alone is 2.39 (95% CI: 1.53-3.73). In addition, the odds ratio affected by the high-risk group decreased to 0.63 when the children had separate rooms compared to the case where the children did not have a separate room, and the odds ratio affected by the high-risk group was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.34-0.85). Greatly reduced. Conclusions Overall, in order to prevent children's media addiction, it is necessary to reduce the depression of pregnant and child-care parents at the national level and to create a family-friendly environment so that children are not periodically exposed to the time they are left alone. In hospitals and schools, children who are judged to be suspected of as a result of developmental testing by policy, or in the case of boys, should pay more attention to the use of media in infancy and adolescence. I need to provide. In addition, at home, managing children's involuntary time spent at least two hours alone, and if available, decorating individual rooms or living with siblings positively affects children's prevention of media addiction. 취학아동의 미디어 중독여부에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 아동패널자료를 이용하여 연구배경 2019년 여성가족부 발표에 따르면 초등4학년의 인터넷 과의존 비율은 2017년 8.1%, 2019년 10.6%로 급격히 증가하고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 통제력이 부족한 아동 청소년들은 미디어 매체에 더 쉽게 중독되며, 중독의 부작용은 돌이킬 수 없는 방향으로 발현한다. 아동의 미디어 중독 예방을 위해 아동 생애 전반의 요소에 대한 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 대상 및 방법 취학 아동의 미디어 중독 여부에 따른 요인을 분석하기 위해 ‘08년∼’17년 아동 패널 자료의 데이터를 이용하였다. ·아동 개인의 요인으로 아동의 성별, 출생 시 체중, 분만형태, 2008년 발달검사 결과와 2010년 발달검사 결과를 사용하였다. ·부모 요인으로 모의 나이, 모의 산전 우울, 8개년간 모의 우울 지수, 부모의 최종학력, 모 흡연 여부를 사용하였다. ·환경요인으로 가정의 월평균 가계소득, 양육분담지수, 부모의 맞벌이 여부, 아동의 개별 방 소유 여부, 하루 중 성인 없이 혼자 보내는 시간, 형제 유무, 아동의 학교적응지수를 사용하였다. ·아동의 미디어 중독 유무를 정상, 잠재적 위험군, 고위험군으로 나누어 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 연구결과 아동 개인 요인으로는 성별과 출생 1년 이후의 발달검사 결과, 아동의 자아존중감이 유의한 차이를 보였다. 남아인 경우 여아에 비해 잠재적 위험군에 이환될 오즈비는 1.88(95% CI: 1.18-3.00), 고위험군에 이환될 오즈비는 1.84(95% CI: 1.36-2.49)로 나타났다. 아동 출생 1년 이후의 발달검사 결과에서는 의심스런 발달을 보인 아동이 정상인 아동에 비하여 고위험군에 이환될 오즈비가 1.76(95% CI: 1.15-2.71)로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 아동의 자아존중감이 1점 높아질주록 고위험군에 이환될 오즈비는 0.91(95% CI: 0.86-0.98)로 줄어들었다. 부모 요인으로는 8년간의 모 우울 지수가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여, 모의 우울기간이 1년 길어지는 경우 아동이 잠재적 위험군이 될 오즈비가 1.14(95% CI: 1.02-1.28), 고위험군이 될 오즈비 역시 1.24(95% CI: 1.15-1.33)으로 증가하였다. 환경 요인에서는 아동 혼자 보내는 시간, 아동의 개별 방 여부, 형제여부가 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 혼자 있는 시간이 없는 아동을 기준으로 하였을 때, 2시간 이상 혼자 시간을 보내는 아동이 고위험군이 될 오즈비는 2.39(95% CI: 1.53-3.73)으로 나타났다. 또한, 아동이 개별 방이 없는 경우에 비해 개별 방이 있는 경우 고위험군에 이환되는 오즈비가 0.63으로 감소하였고, 외동인 아동에 비해 형제가 있는 경우, 고위험군에 이환되는 오즈비가 0.53(95% CI: 0.34-0.85)으로 크게 줄었다. 결론 종합적으로, 아동의 미디어 중독을 예방하기 위해서는 국가 차원에서 임신 및 육아기 부모의 우울도를 낮추며, 아동이 육아 공백으로 혼자 있는 시간에 주기적으로 노출되지 않도록 가족 친화적인 환경을 조성하여야 한다. 병원 및 학교에서는 정책적으로 발달검사 결과 의심되는 발달로 판정받은 아동이거나 남아의 경우 유아기, 청소년기의 미디어 사용에 더욱 유의하여야 하며 아동의 자아존중감을 주기적으로 확인하여 자아존중감이 낮은 아동에 대한 맞춤형 보육을 제공하는 것이 필요하겠다. 또한 가정에서는 아동이 비자의적으로 혼자 보내는 시간을 최소 2시간 미만으로 관리하도록 하고, 상황이 가용하다면 개별 방을 꾸며주거나 형제와 함께 생활하도록 해 주는 것이 아동의 미디어 중독 예방에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다.open석

A retrospective study of primary glaucoma in dogs: 43 cases (2006 ~ 2009)

To determine the prevalence of the primary glaucoma (PG) and occurrence of primary glaucoma in initially non-affected normal eye. Medical records of 7751 dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH) of Seoul National University (SNU) between January 2006 and December 2009 were examined. Among 7751 dogs, forty three dogs (0.55%) developed PG The following breeds were included in the study: 18 American Cocker Spaniels, 17 Shih Tzus, 3 Mixed Breeds, 2 Malteses, 2 Pekingeses, and 1 Chow Chow. The mean onset age of PG in the first eyes was 7.1 ± 2.3 years in the all breeds. Compared with Mixed Breed (0.54%), American Cocker Spaniel (3.16%, p = 0.004) and Chow Chow (20%, p = 0.001) had a higher risk of developing glaucoma. Twenty six of 43 dogs (60.1%) were females with male-to-female ratio of 1:1.53. Twenty nine of 33 eyes (87.9%) developed glaucoma in the fellow eye within mean ± SD time of 17.5 ± 2.7 months. From this study, American Cocker Spaniel and Shih Tzu were the most frequent PG breed in Korea. Also, unilateral PG dogs developed glaucoma in the non-affected normal eye within approximately 17 months. The results indicate that prophylactic medical therapy with antiglaucoma agents should be considered to delay or prevent developing glaucoma in non-affected normal eye.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000004182/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2012-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000004182ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A075461DEPT_CD:551CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:첨부된 내역이 없습니다.DEPT_NM:수의학과EMAIL:[email protected]: