37 research outputs found

    Pseudolite/Ultra Low-Cost IMU Integrated Robust Indoor Navigation System through Real-time Cycle Slip Detection and Compensation

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2017. 8. ๊ธฐ์ฐฝ๋ˆ.GNSS๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ GNSS ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ง ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค๋‚ดํ•ญ๋ฒ•์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ RFID, Wi-Fi, Visual Sensor, IMU ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋†’์€ ์ •ํ™•๋„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ๋ฐ˜์†กํŒŒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์™€ ์ €๊ฐ€์˜ IMU ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Magnetometer์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ˜์†กํŒŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์™ธ์—์„œ GPS์™€ IMU์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์™ธํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์จ 1 ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋งŒ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‹ค๋‚ดํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋†’์•„ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค๋‚ดํ•ญ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒํ•ด ์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ดํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋‹จ์œ„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ด์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํฐ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํฐ์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋œ ์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU๋ฅผ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ/IMU ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ๋‹จ๋… ๋Œ€๋น„ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ/์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ญ๋ฒ•์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋Š” 30%์ •๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ฒ€์ถœ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” threshold๋ฅผ 0.5 half cycle ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ false alarm๊ณผ miss detection์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ใ€–10ใ€—^(-8) ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด KOBUKI`๋กœ๋ด‡๊ณผ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํฐ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ๋“ค์„ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํ•ญ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋™ํ–ฅ 2 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋„ 6 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ Extended Kalman Filter๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ/์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ 7 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹ค๋‚ดํ•ญ๋ฒ•์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 7 1. ์˜ค์ฐจ ์š”์†Œ 8 2. CDGPS 8 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ดˆ์ €๊ฐ€ IMU 10 1. ๊ฐ€์†๋„๊ณ„ 10 2. ์ž์ด๋กœ์Šค์ฝ”ํ”„ 16 3. ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒ ํ˜„์ƒ 21 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 23 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ Extended Kalman Filter 24 1. State 25 2. Nonlinear Equation 25 3. State Equation 26 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ Sensor Bias Modeling ๋ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒํ˜„์ƒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ 27 1. ๊ฐ€์†๋„๊ณ„ Bias Modeling 28 2. ์ž์ด๋กœ์Šค์ฝ”ํ”„ Bias Modeling 29 3. ๊ฐ€์†๋„๊ณ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ 29 4. ์ž์ด๋กœ์Šค์ฝ”ํ”„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ 31 ์ œ 6 ์ ˆ ์†๋„, ํ—ค๋”ฉ Measurement 34 1. ์†๋„ Measurement 34 2. ํ—ค๋”ฉ Measurement 37 ์ œ 7 ์ ˆ Process Noise and Measurement Noise 38 1. Process Noise 38 2. Measurement Noise 39 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ 41 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์˜์‚ฌ์œ„์„ฑ ๋ฐ˜์†กํŒŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ดํ•ญ๋ฒ•์—์„œ์˜ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ 41 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ 43 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ํ™•๋ฅ  46 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ Monitoring Value ์ž”์—ฌ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ถ„์„ 49 1. Carrier Phase ์ธก์ •์น˜์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ 50 2. ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ Distance ํ•ญ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ 51 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๋ณด์ƒ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ 60 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 62 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 62 1. ์ „์ฒด ์žฅ๋น„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 62 2. ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 63 3. ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 66 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 68 1. ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 68 2. ํ•˜ํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 70 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  75 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ 77Maste

    Odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma arising from odontogenic epithelial tumor in maxilla- A case report

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    The neoplastic variant of calcifying odontogenic cyst has various designation, and its malignant counterpart has been reported as aggressive epithelial ghost cell tumor or odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma. Odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma(OGCC) is a rare carcinoma first documented in 1985. It is composed of varying sized islands of anucleated cells with homogenous, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, so called ghost cells, were admixed with nucleated cells. We report a case of maxillary OGCC developed from odontogenic epithelial tumor in a 25-year-old man with literature review.ope

    Comparison of tramadol/acetaminophen and odeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen in onset of analgesia and analgesic efficacy for postoperative acute pain

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    Background: Some clinical trials have reported that a new analgesic combination of tramadol and acetaminophen provides good efficacy in various pain models. For the more clinical uses of this agent, comparisons about the onset of analgesia and analgesic efficacy in the acute state of pain with the other drugs known as strong analgesics were needed. Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the times to onset of analgesia and the other analgesic efficacy of 75 mg tramadol/650 mg acetaminophen and 20 mg codeine/500 mg acetaminophen/400 mg ibuprofen in the treatment of acute pain after oral surgery. Patients and Methods: Using a randomized, single-dose, parallel-group, single-center, and active-controlled test design, this clinical study compared the times to onset of analgesia using a two-stopwatch technique and the other analgesic efficacy of the single-dose tramadol/ acetaminophen and odeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. These were assessed in 128 healthy subjects with pain from oral surgical procedures involving extraction of one or more impacted third molars requiring bone removal. From the time of pain development, the times to onset of perceptible and meaningful pain relief, pain intensity, pain relief, an overall assessment, and adverse events of the study medications were recorded for 6 hours. Results: The demographic distribution and baseline pain data in the two groups were statistically similar. The median times to onset of perceptible pain relief were 21.0 and 24.4 minutes in the tramadol/acetaminophen and codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen groups respectively and those to onset of meaningful pain relief were 56.4 and 57.3 minutes, which were statistically similar. The other efficacy variables such as mean total pain relief (TOTPAR) and the sum of pain intensity differences (SPID) were also similar in the early period after pain development and drug dosing. The safety of tramadol/acetaminophen was well tolerated and very comparable to that of codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. Conclusions: In this acute dental pain model, the onset of analgesia and analgesic efficacy of tramadol/acetaminophen was comparable to that of codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. These results showed that tramadol/acetaminophen was recommendable for fast and effective treatment in the management of postoperative acute pain.ope

    ์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋™์—ญํ•™ ํ•ด์„ ๋ฐ ์ ์‘ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๊ณ„ํ•™๊ณผ,1999.Maste

    ๋™์ถ•๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์†Œํ™•์‚ฐ ํ™”์—ผ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ž๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2002.Maste

    Induction of invasive growth by Snail expression of xenografted tumors in nude mice

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    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ E-cadherin์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…์–‘์—์„œ ์•…์„ฑ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์–ต์ œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์‚ฌ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ธ์ž์ธ Snail์€ E-cadherin์˜ promoter์— ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ E-cadherin์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์–ต์ œ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ์ƒ์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธํฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ˜•๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์„ธํฌ ์ƒ์กด ๋ฐ ์ด๋™์—๋„ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” Snail ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ด์ข…์ด์‹ ์ƒ์ฒด๋‚ด ์ข…์–‘ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ์ข…์–‘์ด ์ฃผ์œ„ ์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์นจํˆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์œ„ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Snail ๋ฐœํ˜„ retroviral vector๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•ํŽธํ‰์„ธํฌ์•”์ข… ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์ธ YD-10B ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์ข…์–‘ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์—†๋Š” immortal keratinocytes ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์ธ HaCaT ์„ธํฌ์— transfection์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋“œ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์— ์ด์ข…์ด์‹ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ฒด๋‚ด ์ข…์–‘ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์ข…์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค.1. YD-10B-Snail ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 5์˜ˆ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ, YD-10B ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 5์˜ˆ์ค‘ 2์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ข…์–‘์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. HaCaT-Snail ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 5์˜ˆ์ค‘ 4์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ข…์–‘์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, HaCaT ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ข…์–‘์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.2. YD-10B-Snail ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ์ข…์–‘์€ ์ž˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋œ ํŽธํ‰์„ธํฌ์•”์ข…์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ์œ„ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. HaCaT-Snail ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ์ข…์–‘์€ ์ €๋ถ„ํ™” ํŽธํ‰์„ธํฌ์•”์ข…์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์  ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ ๊ดด์‚ฌ, ์ฃผ์œ„ ๊ทผ์œก ๋ฐ ๊ณจ์กฐ์ง ์นจ๋ฒ” ๋“ฑ ์นจ์œค์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.3. ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์—ผ์ƒ‰ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ YD-10B-Snail ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” YD-10B ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘์ƒ์œผ๋กœ E-cadherin ๋ฐ cytoketain ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์–‘์„ฑ, vimentin ๋ฐ N-cadherin ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. HaCaT-Snail ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” E-cadherin ๋ฐ cytoketain ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๊ฐ์†Œ, vimentin ๋ฐ N-cadherin์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋“œ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์—์„œ Snail ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์˜ ์ด์ข…์ด์‹์€ ๋†’์€ ์ข…์–‘ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์ข…์–‘์€ ์ธ์ฒด๋‚ด ์ข…์–‘ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ์นจ์œค์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข…์–‘์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ฃผ์œ„ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ข…์–‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]E-cadherin, which mediates epithelial cell-cell adhesions, is down-regulated during malignant transformation of various tumors. The Snail transcription factor binds to the promoter of E-cadherin and represses its expression, resulting in loss of cell-cell adhesion and phenotypic changes, and also induces cell survival and migration.In the present study, the author induced in vivo tumorigenesis in nude mice by Snail expressive retroviral vectors in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, YD-10B, and the immortal non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, and found some results as follows :1. The YD-10B-Snail experimental group produced tumors in every 5 mice, while the YD-10B control group produced 2 out of 5 mice. The HaCaT-Snail experimental group produced tumors in 4 cases out of 5 mice, while the HaCaT control groups produced none of 5 mice.2. The tumors in the YD-10B-Snail group showed the characteristic features of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and demarcated expansile growth, while the tumors in the HaCaT-Snail group showed the features of poorly differentiated carcinoma with partial cental necrosis and invasive growth to neighboring muscles or bones.3. In the immunohistochemical studies, the YD-10B-Snail group showed the positive expression of E-cadherin and cytokeratin while the negative expression of vimentin and N-cadherin. And the HaCaT-Snail showed the decreased expression of E-cadherin and cytokeratin while the increased expression of vimentin and N-cadherin.These findings suggest that improved productivity of tumors can be obtained by xenograsfts with Snail expression and various histopathological features including invasive growth can be obtained with these in vivo tumors. These animal models might assist in studying tumor progression and interaction with the surrounding tissues.ope

    ๋™์ถ•๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋‚œ๋ฅ˜ ๋น„์˜ˆํ˜ผํ•ฉ ํ™”์—ผ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ถ€ ์œ ๋™ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ™”์—ผ-์™€๋ฅ˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ

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    Thesis(doctor`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2007.Docto

    Comparison of digital dental images yielded by digital dental casts, cone-beam computed tomography, and multislice computed tomography for measurement of dental area

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    Objectives We investigated and compared the errors generated by multislice computed tomography (MSCT), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and digital dental casts when used to provide digital data about dental structures. Methods Ten A20 skull models were scanned with MSCT and CBCT, and dental plaster cast models were optically scanned in three dimensions. The maxillary dental area was then compared. The distance between the three-dimensional scan data of the skull and each set of digital dental data were measured. Reference data were then overlapped with the experimental digital model using surface-based registration. The distance of errors was measured with the shortest distance measurement function. The distances between each experimental digital model and the reference scan data were measured, and error values were determined for all maxillary teeth and each tooth surface area. Errors were measured for all teeth from the central incisors to the second molar on both the left and right sides. Errors were measured from the mesial, distal, and labial surfaces and the tooth cusp tip area for each tooth. Results The digital dental casts had the smallest error (p < 0.001). The error in the digital dental casts (mean ยฑ standard deviation) was 0.10 ยฑ 0.12 mm. The CBCT error was 0.34 ยฑ 0.38 mm, which was significantly greater than the MSCT error (0.19 ยฑ 0.16 mm) (p < 0.001). Conclusions We recommend the use of digital dental casts with digital dental imaging for three-dimensional measurement of the dental area because this technique had the smallest errors.restrictio

    ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ›„๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ํ‰์•ˆ๋ˆ„์ธต๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์ง€์™€ ๊ทธ ์ง€๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์˜์˜

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง€๊ตฌํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 8. ์ด์šฉ์ผ.The Pyeongan Supergroup is the Upper Carboniferousโ€“Lower Triassic sedimentary succession in the Korean Peninsula, distributed in the Pyeongnam Basin in North Korea and the Okcheon Belt in South Korea. This thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the East Asian tectonics by adopting multiple methods on the Pyeongan Supergroup sediments at different spatial and temporal scales. Chapter 1 is a case study on the Samcheok coalfield of the Taebaeksan Basin, the type area of the upper Paleozoic succession in the southern Korean Peninsula. Detrital zircon Uโ€“Pb age and Smโ€“Nd isotope composition of the Pyeongan Supergroup in the Samcheok coalfield were analyzed. The 1.8โ€“2.0 Ga-dominated zircon age pattern and the Nd isotope composition (average ฮตNd(0) = -15.5 ยฑ 4.0) of the Pyeongan Supergroup most closely reflect the signature of the Yeongnam Massif basements, and support the previous hypothesis that the Pyeongan Supergroup was mostly derived from a paleo-orogen located to the eastโ€“southeast. Relatively higher ฮตNd(0) values and increased occurrence of syn-depositional zircons in the lowermost and the upper parts of the succession indicate considerable mixing of juvenile materials at ca. 320 Ma and 260 Ma. Chapter 2 examines the hypothesis in a larger spatial scale by putting focus on the lowermost part of the upper Paleozoic succession. Detrital zircon Uโ€“Pb age of the contemporaneous Upper Carboniferous strata in the entire Sino-Korean Block was compared by literature survey and a new age dating. While the zircon age distributions from different basins in North China reflect mixed contribution from the Inner Mongolia Paleo-uplift in the north and the Central China Orogenic Belt in the south, the upper Carboniferous strata in Korea is uniquely characterized by a dense cluster of 1.84โ€“1.90 Ga-aged zircon grains. In a situation where the sediments were unlikely provided from the north, the age characteristics shown in localities in Korea is best explained by the derivation from the Paleoproterozoic Yeongnam Massif basements. Chapter 3 deals with two levels of questions. First, the basic tectonic framework regarding the correlation of the Korean Peninsula with the neighboring Chinese blocks is revisited by the review on the stratigraphy and detrital zircon age of the Pyeongan Supergroup in the southern Korean Peninsula. The results favor the tectonic view that the entire Okcheon Belt was a single tectonic unit belonging to the Sino-Korean Block. Second, a more detailed tectonic model is proposed based on the comprehensive analysis of the detrital zircon Uโ€“Pb age data of the Pyeongan Supergroup sediments in various parts of the Okcheon Belt. Collectively, this study supports the active continental margin setting in the east of the Sino-Korean Block during the late Paleozoic, which may have been a southward continuation of the Paleo-Asian Ocean subduction along the northern margin of the block.PREFACE . 1 1. DETRITAL ZIRCON UPb AGE AND Nd ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF THE PYEONGAN SUPERGROUP IN TAEBAEK, KOREA 4 1.1. Introduction 4 1.2. Geological Setting 8 1.3. Methods 13 1.4. Results and Interpretation 16 1.4.1. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages 16 1.4.2. Nd isotope compositions 33 1.5. Discussion 33 1.5.1. Provenance of the Pyeongan Supergroup 33 1.5.2. Tectonic implications 39 1.6. Conclusions 45 2. DETRITAL ZIRCON U-Pb AGES OF UPPER CARBONIFEROUS STRATA IN THE SINO-KOREAN BLOCK 47 2.1. Introduction 47 2.2. Geological Background and Methods 50 2.2.1. Analytical methods for new age dating 51 2.2.2. Data processing of age data 52 2.3. Results and Discussion 52 2.3.1. Northern vs. southern signature . 52 2.3.2. Potential eastern signature . 60 2.3.3. Tectonic implications 62 2.4. Conclusions 68 3. STRATIGRAPHY AND DETRITAL ZIRCON PROVENANCE OF THE PYEONGAN SUPERGROUP IN THE OKCHEON BELT: A REVIEW 69 3.1. Introduction 69 3.2. Tectonic Framework . 73 3.3. Stratigraphy 77 3.3.1. Okcheon Belt . 78 3.3.2. Correlation with North Korea and North China 91 3.4. Detrital Zircon UPb Ages 101 3.4.1. Okcheon Belt . 101 3.4.2. Comparison with Chinese blocks . 104 3.4.3. Further tectonic implications 112 3.5. Conclusions 121 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 122 REFERENCES . 124 ABSTRACT (IN KOREAN) . 139Docto

    Estimation of deep water design wave height on southern coast of the Korean peninsula using empirical simulation technique

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2011.2. ์„œ๊ฒฝ๋•.Maste
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