A Study of the Quotative Constructions in Kyong-buk Dialect

Quotative constructions in different dialects display a variety of distinct characteristics in both form and function. As dialects present a synchronic spectrum of the ongoing process of diachronic change, the study of dialect variation can shed important light on issues in language change. With these goals in mind, I have presented a detailed descriptive analysis of the quotative construction in the Kyong-buk dialect in this paper. The major conclusions of the papers are as follows

Historical Change of the Case-frame in Korean Verbs

This paper aims to describe how the case-frame structure of Korean verbs has changed historically, based on text materials. Each verb has its own case-frame structure depending on its lexical characteristics. The case-frame structure, which is composed of NPs, plays a key role in determining the sentence structure of a language as a syntactic argument structure. Hence the case-frame structure of verbs must be well investigated in order to analyze the sentence structure of a language appropriately. Case-frame structure is subject to diachronic change. Change in case-frame structure inevitably causes the change in the way in which a sentence is composed. In this sense, the research into the change of case-frame structure contributes to our understanding of the change in sentence structure. In this paper, I classify the change in case-frame structure into 1) the changes from 'NP-ul' to (a) 'NP- ey taehaye', (b) 'NP-eykey', (c) 'NP-u/o', and 2) those from 'NP-ileylkwa' to (a) 'NP-kwa', (b) 'NP-ul'. And I discuss each group one after another. This discussion can be summarized as follows: [1] the changes of 'NP-ul Y' structure a. NP-ul > NP-ey taehye nilA-/malha- 'say', mwut- 'ask', etc. tut- 'hear', al- 'know', sAlanghA-/saengkakha- 'think' b. NP-ul > NP-eykey cwu-'give' c. NP-ul > NP-ulo sam- 'make' [2] the changes of 'NP-ileylkwa Y' structure a. NP-ileylkwa > NP-kwa kAthA-/kath- 'be same' b. NP-ey > NP-ul po- 'see', al- 'know', molu- 'not:know'이 논문은 1 999년도 한국학술진홍재단의 연구 비에 의하여 지원되었음. KRF-99-041-A00002

Auxiliary Verb Constructions in Korean and Altaic Languages

In this paper we investigated the properties of auxiliary verb constructions in Korean and Khalkha Mongolian. And we looked at the similarities and differences between auxiliary verb constructions in the two languages. The results of this investigation will shed light not only on the properties of the auxiliary verb constructions in the two languages, but also on their genealogical and typological relationship. Most of the auxiliaries in both Korean and Khalkha Mongolian are versatile in that they can be used both as auxiliaries and main verbs. In their auxiliary use, the meaning of main verbs are bleached. For example, peli- in Korean and orxiin Khalkha Mongolian mean 'to throwaway' when used as a main verb. However, as auxiliaries, they express completive aspect. Korean and Khalkha Mongolian have many connective endings but only a few of them are used in auxiliary verb constructions: -e, -ko, r ci, -key in Korean and -j, -aad, -n, -saar in Khalkha Mongolian. The endings -ko, -e in Korean and their rough equivalents -j, -aad in Khalkha Mongolian are most frequently used in auxiliary verb constructions. Auxiliary verb constructions in both Korean and Khalkha Mongolian are used to express a variety of grammatical functions, such as aspect and modality. In both languages, auxiliary verb constructions may express aspectual distinctions such as completive, progressive, and inchoative aspect. Modal distinctions such as the benefactive, trial, permission are also expressed through auxiliary verb constructions. While benefactive modality is expressed by the auxiliary verb construction -e Cωυ- '-Conn give' in Korean, Khalkha Mongolian distinguishes two types of benefactive constructions depending on whether the favor is conferred on the referent of the subject (-j av- '-Conn take'), or that of the non-subject (-j őg- Conn give'). Another interesting difference between the two languages is lexical restrictions on auxiliary verb constructions of completive aspect. The -e iss- 'to be, exist' construction in Korean imposes restrictions on verbs that can occur as main verbs, while the corresponding construction in Khalkha Mongolian, -aad bai- 'to be, exist', does not. The situation in Khalkha Mongolian is similar to that found in Middle Korean. The process of grammaticalization is observed in both languages. Many auxiliary verbs in Khalkha Mongolian developed through the grammaticalization of lexical verbs. It is likely that auxiliary verb constructions in both languages will undergo further grammaticalization in the future

A Method of Description for the Case-markers and their Deletion in Korean

In some cases of linguistic description, degree analysis can be more appropriate than binary one. This paper offers an example arguing for the above statement through the investigation of the behavior of case-markers and their deletion in Korean. Any case-marker is bound in principle to have grammatical conception together with its lexical conception. Apparent differences in their deletability are reduced to the relative weight, which varies for each case-marker only with respect to the degree, between the two conceptions contained in a certain case-marker. Research for the weight of the grammatical conception renders the following scale of weight order for Korean case-markers: subjective (casemarker)>objective >possessive>locative>instrumental>comparative. In the final analysis, a conclusion was reached that the deletion of casemarkers depends upon the degree of grammatical conception, and its permissibility is in direct proportion to the weight

국어학적 관점에서 본 언어 지식 영역 지도의 내용

이 발표는 각급 학교 「국어과」 교육의 「언어지식」 영역에서 무엇을 가르칠 것인가에 관한 논의의 한 부분이다. 무엇을 가르칠 것인가에 관한 논의는 다음과 같은 두 가지 관점에서 접근해 볼 수 있다. 첫 째는 국어학적 관점에서 접근하는 방법이고， 둘째는 언어 사용 기능의 관점에서 접근하는 방법이다. 이 가운데 이 발표는 첫 번째 관점인 국어학적 관점에서 언어 지식의 지도 내용을 검토해 보려는 것을 목적으로 한다.이 논문은 국어교육연구소의 1995년도 연구비 지원에 의하여 연구되었

A three-dimensional circulation prediction system around the Korean peninsula

Current systems in the south coast of Korea are complex and relatively strong owing to a combination of geological features and tidal effects. Although it is not a very wide area, the flow patterns of the eastern side and western side are quite different. In the western part of the south coast of Korea, there are strong tidal currents with speeds of more than 3 m/s during spring tides. On the other hand, the southeast coast has relatively weak tidal current although the Tsushima Current, a branch of the Kuroshio that flows toward the northeast, affects it constantly. Thus, it is very difficult to predict the currents in the south coast of Korea. The Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology has been conducting the KOOS (Korea Operational Oceanographic System) project since 2009, which includes a three-dimensional circulation prediction system that calculates tidal and oceanic effects around the Korean peninsula. Since 2016, a three-dimensional circulation prediction system with a spatial resolution of 300 m has been constructed for coastal waters around the Korean peninsula. The MOHID model is used as the circulation model in this system. The results of FES2014 are used as harmonic constants at open boundary conditions while the results of KOOS-OPEM (Ocean Predictability Experiment for Marine environment) are used as the initial conditions in the system. The Weather Research and Forecasting model is used for at1

2022년 양자강 저염수 확산 예측과 해양과학기지 기반 관측자료를 이용한 검증

2

The Study on Accuracy Verification of Surface Current Data of Ocean Numerical Model Using HF Radar Data

해양에서 안전사고 발생 시 인명구조 및 익사자 수색은 사고 해역의 정확한 표층해류의 정보 없이는 이동방향과 위치를 추정하기가 어려우므로 효율적인 방재를 위해서는 주변해역의 정확한 표층 해류정 보를 관측하고 예측하는 것이 피해를 최소화 시킬 수 있는 방안이다. 이와 관련하여 국내에서는 2009 년 8월부터 한국해양과학기술원에서 해양수산부의 연구개발 사업으로 ‘운용 해양 예보 시스템’: KOOS (Korea Operational Oceanographic System)이 개발되어 운용되어지고 있으며, 해양기상예보 시스템, 해상상태 예보 (파랑, 폭풍해일, 조석, 조류 등) 시스템, 3차원 광역 및 국지 해양순환 (수온, 염분 포 함) 예보 시스템, 활용예보 (유류오염, 적조, 해난사고 시 수색구조, 해양오염 등)로 구성되어있으며, 일 1회 72시간 예측결과를 생산하고 있다. 특히 2018년부터 “해양수치모델링과 지능정보기술을 활용한 해양예측 정확도 향상 연구”(해양수산부)를 통하여 해양예측시스템을 개선,향상시키는 연구가 진행되 고 있으며, 본 연구는 그의 일환으로 매시간 약 70km이상의 제주 북부해협 광역표층해류자료를 이용 하여 표층해류의 예측정확도를 평가하고 해양수치모델에 대한 성능을 평가하고 정량화하였다. 제주 해협은 한반도 기후변화 및 해양에서 발생하는 현안문제의 지리적 주요한 위치에 있으므로 비교 영역에 대한 의미가 크리라 여겨지며, 평가에 이용된 모델은 제주해협을 포함하는 지역해 예측모델로 전체 4종 모델(OPEM, Coastal-KOOS, TELEMAC, COAWST)의 표층해류자료로 진행하였다. 향후 예측정확도 향상을 위한 ‘해양예측정보 정확도 평가 시스템’이 구축되어 수치모델의 문제점을 파 악하고 개선한다면, 향후 국내에 각종 해양 사고를 대응하는데 중요한 역할을 하리라 여겨진다.2

Web Service System for GIS-based Storm-surge Visualization

최근 지구온난화로 인한 기후변화 및 해수면 상승으로 인한 태풍의 내습빈도 및 강도의 증가로 태풍 내습시 연안지역에서 침수·범람과 같은 자연재해로 인한 국민의 인명과 재산 피해가 급증하고 있다. 이에 폭풍·해일 예측을 위한 수치모델의 수립과 개선을 통하여 태풍으로 인해 발생하는 연안지역에서의 해일의 발생시간, 해일의 높이, 해일로 인한 침수·범람 지역을 보다 과학적으로 정확하게 예측하는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 예측결과를 일반 국민들에게 보다 효과적으로 전달하고, 폭풍·해일로 인한 침수·범람과 같은 연안재해로 인한 피해를 예방하기 위하여 웹 서비스를 통한 GIS기반 폭풍·해일 시각화 시스템을 개발하였다. 또한 수치모델의 정확한 예측결과 및 연안지역의 정밀 지리정보 구축을 위하여 LiDAR 자료를 이용한 GIS기반 육도-해도 접합을 통한 연안지역의 수 센티미터 해상도의 상세 지리정보를 DEM을 통하여 시각화하였다.2