언어 문화적 특성을 고려한 한국어 교육의 교재 편성 방안

일반적으로 국어교육이라는 용어와 한국어교육이라는 용어의 구별이 필요하리라 본다. 우리나라 사람에게 우리말을 가르칠 경우에는 국어 교육이라는 용어를 쓰고 외국인에게 외국어라는 자격으로 우리말을 가르칠 경우에는 한국어 교육이라는 용어를 사용함이 마땅할 것이다. 앞으로 본고에서 한국어, 한국어 교육이라는 용어는 외국어로서의 한국어, 외국어로서의 한국어 교육이라는 의미로 사용할 것 이다

The Characteristics of Humor Expression according to Media Change

Humor widespread through internet is different from that circulated orally, because internet is based on virtual space, anonymity, and hypertext structure. In this study, the characteristics of humor texts spread orally as well as internet humor were elucidated. Humor contains joke, wit, and satire. Joke is an emotional humor causing a pure laugh. Wit is an intelligent humor causing a contextual laugh. Satire is a critical humor causing a bitter laugh. Humor can be classified as a riddle humor a narrative humor and a conversational humor depending on its external structure. Also humor can be classified as a wordpIay-type humor analytic type humor and story structure-type humor depending on its contents style. The principal expression method for humor is deviation The general nature of it is deviation from contextual rule, cultural rule, and psychology of anticipation New kinds of deviation used for internet humor is deviation from picture, or moving picture, Internet humor abuses English and exaggerated expressions, which sometimes give receivers fun. However, these abuses make internet humor low-quality of intelligence. Most of internet humor use the contents which can not be easily told face to face because of the anonymity of internet humor Therefore the education of receiving and/or eJqreSSing humor critically and correctly is necessary for creative usage of language

다기능 농업용 제어장치의 설계 및 운영 프로그램 개발

학위논문(석사)--서울大學校 大學院 :食品工學科,1995.Maste

(The) adjunctive effects of corticosteroids combined therapy in tuberculous meningitis

의학과/석사[한글] 결핵성 수막염은 아직도 우리 나라에서는 흔한 뇌신경계 질환이고 적절한 치료를 하더라도 후유증이 남거나 사망을 초래하는 경우가 많다. 따라서 결핵성 수막염 치료시 부신피질호르몬의 병용여부에 대한 논란이 있고 이에 대한 연구논문이 구미에서는 많으나 우리 나라에서는 거의 없는 상태이다. 이에 연구자는 최근 8년 3개월간 결핵성 수막염으로 연세의료원 신경과에 입원한 환자 중 부신피질호르몬을 병용한 60예를 대상으로 이 약물의 적응증 및 예후에 미치는 요인 등을 파악하기 위해서 후향적으로 임상적 고찰을 시도하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 부신피질호르몬을 병용한 60예의 결핵성 수막염 중 남자가 22예, 여자가 38예였으며 발생 평균연령은 35세(15세-75세)였다. 병용하게 된 적응증을 보면 의식장애가 있었던 경우가 26예(43%)로 가장 않았으며 뇌척수압이 300mmH이상 상승한 경우가 22예(37%), 국소신경학적 이상소견이 있는 경우가 9예(15%)였으며 척수차단이나 뇌척수액 단백이 증가한 경우가 3예(5%)로 가장 적었다. 2. 의식장애가 있는 26애의 결핵성 수막염 중 8애가 사망한 반면 의식장애가 없는 34예 중에는 사망자가 한 예도 없었다. 3. 신경학적 후유증으로는 척수내 병변이 5예로 가장 많았으며 그 외 열공성 뇌경색이 4예, 경련발작 및 지능저하가 각각 2예씩, 외향신경마비, 결핵성 육아종, 정신과적 증상 등이 각각 1예씩이었다. 4. 부신피질호르몬의 투여방법은 주사용 dexamethasone만 투여한 경우가 20예(33%), prednisolone만 투여한 경우가 16예(27%), 주사용 dexamethasone투여 후 prednisolone으로 교체 투여한 경우가 24예(40%)였으나 부신피질호르몬의 투여방법이 환자의 예후에 영향을 미치지는 못하였다. 5. 의식장애가 있었던 환자군에서 예후가 좋았던 11예의 dexamethasone투여 후 균투여일수 14일에 비해 후유증이 생긴 11예의 평균투여일수는 23일로 길었으나 통계적 의의는 없었다. 또한 환자의 연령, 입원시까지의 중상기간, 뇌척수액소견, 뇌전산화단층촬영상 의 이상소견, 타장기에 동반된 결핵등은 dexamethasone의 투여기간과 무관하였다. 6. 의식장애가 없는 환자군에서 뇌척수액 단백이 낮은 경우 예후가 좋았음을 제외하고는 뇌척수액내의 소견도 예후에 영향을 미치지 못하였으며 그 외 내원 당시의 뇌전산화단층촬영상의 이상소견, 타장기에 동반된 결핵 등도 결핵성 수막염의 예후에 영향을 주지 못하였다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 결핵성 수막염치료시 부신피질호르몬 병용시에도 투여약물이나 방법에 관계없이 의식장애가 없는 경우에 사망률이 낮고 의식장애 없이 뇌척수액 단백이 낮을수록 예후가 좋았으나 향후 전향적인 이중맹검(prospective double blind study)으로 체계적인 연구가 이루어져 추시되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. [영문] Tuberculous meningitis is common in Korea and its complications are also frequently observed in spite of adequate therapy. Corticosteroid therapy with antituberculous drugs have been applied in order to get good outcome of tuberculous meningitis. Most patients with tuberculous meningitis who had neurological symptoms and signs at admission were treated with corticosteroids combined therapy in addition to the an샤셔berculosis therapy. Sixty cases were analysed by retrospective review of clinical and laboratory findings from 1986 to 1994 at Yonsei medical center. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of tuberculous meningitis patients who were treated with corticosteroid therapy and to determine the factors that have influence on the adequate duration of corticosteroids therapy, Sixty cases were divided into two groups on admission : one group, patients with clear mental state ; the other group, patients with altered mental state. The following results were obtained. 1. There were 22 men and 38 women with mean ages of 35. Corticosteroids therapy was indicated by following order : altered mental state(26 cases,43%), CSF pressure above 300mmH2O(22 cases, 37%), focal neurologic sips(9 cases, 15%), and increased CSF protein or spinal block in CSF space(3 cases, 5%). 2, Eight closes were fatal in the 26 cases of altered mental state patients. However, none appeared fatal in the 34 cases of clear mental states. 3. The neumlogic sequelae were developed in 15 cases which were spinal cord lesion(5 cases), lacunar infarct(4 cases), seizure(2 cases), mental retardation(2 cases), cranial nerve palsy(1 case), granuloma(1 case), and psychosis (1 case). 4. 20 cases(33%) were treated with dexamethasone only, 16 cases(27%) were treated with prednisolone only, and 24 cases(40%) were treated with dexamethasone followed by prednisolone. On the beginging of therapy 44 cases(77%) have received the dexamethasone. Dexamethasone was used more than prednisolone due to its parenteral administration in patients with nausea, vomiting, and altered mental state. The outcome of tuberculous meningitis was not influenced by a kind of corticosteroid. The duration of receiving dexamethasone is not related to age of patients, abnormalities of CSF, abnormal findings of brain computered tomography scan, other organs involvement of tuberculosis, duration of illness before treatment. The most important factor of tapering corticosteroid seemed to be the clinical state of patients. 5. In patients with altered mental state, 11 cases had good outcome and 11cases had complication and poor prognosis. The mean duration of deceiving dexamethasone in good outcome patients(14 days) differed from that of poor prognosis patients.(23 dats) 6. The outcome of tuberculous meningitis was not influenced by increased cerebrospinal fluid protein in patients without altered consciousness. The abnormalities of brain computered tomography scan, and cerebrospinal fluid on admission, or the other organ involved of tuberculosis, however, did not have any influence.restrictio

Study on the Receiver Response in Internet News and Comprehension Education

Internet news is a medium having the interaction between producer and receiver. In the internet news receiver can search information and give a feedback to the media at any time the receiver wants. The analysis of reple text is a kind of method through which the aspect of comprehension can be indirectly examined. The educational range which education for comprehension should cover can be established. The responses of receivers in the reple text were analyzed in the point of attitude, style, sentence pattern, and reader pattern The characteristics of receiver's responses shown in the reple text were summarized as follows: (i) the expression of opposite and negative opinion against the news, (ii) the expression using spoken-language style, (iii) the emotional expression, (iv) the setting the second person plural or the third person singular as readers for the reple, and (v) the expression using the interrogative sentence(s) of rhetorical question. The attitude of information-receivers expressed in the reple text of internet news was found to be mostly negative and emotional. This phenomenon suggests that the range of media education should be enlarged to the creative literacy, For the education of creative literacy, the comprehensive education covering data, information, knowledge, and wisdom is necessary. An educational model for comprehensive education using (for) the reple text has been suggested using a five stages strategy. The five stages for comprehension (i) informational understanding, (ii) critical understanding, (iii) creative understanding, (iv) wisdom understanding, and (v) instigation, can be understood in relation with an aim of Korean education, the enlargement of thinking faculty. The stage of informational understanding is to know data and/or information and to react to them directly. The stage of critical understanding is to criticize the data and/or information and then to reconstruct them logically. The stage of creative understanding is to create knowledge through creative thinking. The stage of wisdom understanding is to convert knowledge to wisdom. The stage of instigation is to put the wisdom into practice

A Study on the listener-oriented perspectivization for the speech class

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :국어교육과 국어교육 전공,2001.Docto