14 research outputs found

    Evaluation of Speed Conversion Factors within the Ramp Influence Areas of Urban Freeway

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    Urban freeway means the principal arterial that provides the higher levels of mobility, safety and efficiency in the movement of high-volumes of traffic at high speeds in the big city. However, most of the urban freeways don't play their roles in the mobility, safety and efficiency because they experience the severe transportation problems by the incoming or outgoing traffic on the urban freeway ramp junctions regardless of the peak periods. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the speed characteristics on the urban freeway ramp junctions, construct and verify the speed conversion models, and finally clarify the relationship between the mean speeds on the urban freeway ramp junctions in the big city. From the results of the speed characteristic analyses, construction and verification for the speed conversion models on the urban freeway ramp junctions under the study, the following conclusions were drawn๏ผ› โ…ฐ) The on-ramp flow was shown to exceed the capacity, but the off-ramp flow was shown to be under the capacity during the peak periods, โ…ฑ) The on-ramp speed showed a big difference during the time periods, but the off-ramp speed didn't show a big difference regardless of the time periods, โ…ฒ) Speed conversion factors(, ) in the Yule & Kendall's model were proved to be almost consistent with those of the integrated model on the ramp junctions of urban freeway. However, they were proved to be completely different from the speed conversion factors(, ) in the on-ramp and off-ramp models on the ramp junctions of urban freeway, respectively, โ…ณ) Speed conversion factors(, ) in the Yule & Kendall's model were also proved to be completely different from the speed conversion factors(, ) under the stable and unstable conditions on the ramp junctions of urban freeway, respectively, and โ…ด) The speed conversion models were proved to be definitely classified by the ramp types(on-ramp and off-ramp) and the flow conditions(stable and unstable conditions) for a higher explanatory power in the model construction.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 1.3 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 4 2.1 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ‰๊ท ์†๋„ 4 2.2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ‰๊ท ์†๋„ 4 2.3 ์†๋„์ „ํ™˜๋ชจํ˜• 5 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ 10 3.1 ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ์ • 10 3.2 ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 12 3.2.1 ๊ตํ†ต๋ฅ˜ ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ 12 3.3 ์†๋„ํŠน์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ 13 3.3.1 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ‰๊ท ์†๋„ 13 3.3.2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ‰๊ท ์†๋„ 16 3.3.3 ์†๋„์˜ ๋น„๊ตใ†๋ถ„์„ 19 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 24 4.1 ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ตฌ์ถ• 24 4.2 ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ฒ€์ฆ 27 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ 32 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 34 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 3

    Time Spent for Child Care among Employed and Non-Employed Mothers with Child under the Age of 6

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์•„๋™๊ฐ€์กฑํ•™๊ณผ(๊ฐ€์กฑํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2015. 8. ์ง„๋ฏธ์ •.๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‘” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ• ์• ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์ด ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๋ณด๋‹ค ํด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ผ์ง€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ • ํ•˜์— ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ œ์™ธ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์œ„์—์„œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2009 ์ƒํ™œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ์™€ ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์–‘ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒํ™œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ฃผํ–‰๋™ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฃผํ–‰๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผํ–‰๋™์„ ๋‹จ๋…์ฃผํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Œ๋ด„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋‹จ๋…์ฃผํ–‰๋™, ๋™์‹œ์ฃผํ–‰๋™, ๋™์‹œ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์–‘์œก๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ‰์ผ์— ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ 48๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๋ณด๋‹ค 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋ง์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 33๋ถ„, ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ 35๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ทจ์—… ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‰์ผ์— ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 19๋ถ„, ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 43๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 40๋ถ„, ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 45๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ „์ฒด ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ํ‰์ผ์—๋Š” ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 13.08%, ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 13.70%๋กœ ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ง์˜ ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋น„์œจ์€ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 22.21%, ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ 17.62%๋กœ ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ์˜ ์–‘์œก๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์ด ๋” ๋†’์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ทจ์—…๋ชจ์™€ ๋น„์ทจ์—…๋ชจ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ต์ œ ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ํ™œ๋™์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์œ ์ง€, ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์ด ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ํ™œ๋™, ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋™์‹œ์ฃผํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ํญ์„ ๋„“ํžˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ 1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ทจ์—… ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŠน์„ฑ 5 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํ‰์ผ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ง์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŠน์„ฑ 7 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ€ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋™์‹œํ–‰๋™ 9 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 13 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 13 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„์ž๋ฃŒ 14 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 15 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 21 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ 21 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ทจ์—… ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต 22 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ทจ์—… ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ํ–‰๋™๋ณ„ ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ๋ด„์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ ๋น„๊ต 27 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์ทจ์—… ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ทจํ•™์ž๋…€ ๋Œ๋ด„๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋น„์œจ ๋น„๊ต 31 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 34 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 39 ๋ถ€๋ก 43 Abstract 48Maste

    (A) study about the algae removal using dissolved air flotation in the water treatment

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    ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒ์ˆ˜์›์˜ 40%์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ทจ์ˆ˜์›์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ˆ˜์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ง›์˜ ๋ณ€์งˆ๊ณผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒ, ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(๊ฑด์„ค๋ถ€, 1990). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ธ, ์งˆ์†Œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์˜์–‘ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณผ์ž‰์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ geosmin๊ณผ 2-MIB(2-Methylisoborneol)๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์ˆ˜๋—๋ฌผ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ง›๊ณผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฏธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ(๊ฑด์„ค๋ถ€, 1990; AWWA, 1990)์™€ ๋‘˜์งธ, ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์„ฑ๋ถ„ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณต์ •์ธ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์—ฌ๊ณผ์ง€์˜ ๋ง‰ํž˜์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๊ณผ์กฐ์˜ ์šด์ „์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹จ์ถ•์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ(์กฐ์šฉ๋ชจ, 1990), ์…‹์งธ, ์—ผ์†Œ์†Œ๋…์‹œ ๋ฐœ์•”๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ trihalomethanes์™€ choloroacetic acid ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค(Edzwald, 1993; Chung, 1994). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ NVTOC(Non Volatile Total Organic Carbon)๋“ฑ์€ ์—ผ์†Œ์†Œ๋…์‹œ THMs(trihalomethanes)์„ ์ƒ์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ humic substance์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ THMs๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค(๊ถŒ์ˆ™ํ‘œ,1983). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์Œ์šฉ์ˆ˜์˜ ์งˆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นจ์ „ ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ณผ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์ •์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค (ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›, 1995). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทผ๋ž˜์— ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์งˆ์†Œ, ์ธ, ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋„์ •์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋„์ž…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(์ด์ƒ์€, 1992) ํ•œํŽธ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์ •์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณต์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ œ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์••๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Gehr, 1993; Edzwald, 1993; Richard, 1993; Wilson, 1993; Benoufella, 1994; Eades, 1995; Johnson, 1995). ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ „ํ•˜์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ธํฌํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์นœ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์นจ๊ฐ•๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ์ƒ‰๋„ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ(Hyde, 1975; Edzwald and , 1991; Edzwald, 1993). ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 30ns ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์นจ์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์ด 2โˆผ4์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ์ ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ํ›จ์”ฌ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค(Zerox, 1993). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์ •์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณต์ •์˜ ์‘์ง‘ยท์นจ์ „ ๊ณต์ •์ƒ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ œ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์••๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ƒ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋นˆ์˜์–‘์˜ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ถ€์˜์–‘ํ™”๋œ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜(chlorophyll a 20ใŽŽ/ใŽฅ)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ง›๊ณผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ƒ‰๋„ ์œ ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€์œ ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ข…์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋…น์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ Chlamydomonas์†์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 3ใŽ›(Bold, 1978)์ •๋„๋กœ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ž‘์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ข…์„ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ˆ˜(chlorophyll a 80ใŽŽ/ใŽฅ)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ƒ์‹คํ—˜์žฌ๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์••๋ถ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์นจ์ „ ์ „ํ›„์˜ ํƒ๋„์™€ chlorophyll afmf ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‘์ง‘ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„, ๊ฐ€์••๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ƒ๋ฒ•์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์›์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ์‘์ง‘ํŠน์„ฑ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์‘์ง‘์ œ๋กœ PAC(Poly Aluminum Chloride)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,์‘์ง‘์ œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋Ÿ‰, ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„, ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์••์กฐ ์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์••๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ƒ์˜ ์ ์ • ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ „๊ณผ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์˜๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์‘์ง‘ยท์นจ์ „์˜ ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ํšŒ๋ถ„์‹๊ณผ ์—ฐ์†ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์›์ˆ˜ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‘์ง‘์ œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋Ÿ‰ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜, Chlamydomonas๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์ƒ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์›์ˆ˜์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด PAC์˜ ์ฃผ์ž…๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 3.0ใŽŽ as Alโ‚‚Oโ‚ƒ/L ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฑฐํšจ์œจ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ์ด ๋‘”ํ™”๋˜์–ด ํฌํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ˆ˜์˜ chlorophyll a์˜ ์‘์ง‘์ œ ๋†๋„๋ณ„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํšจ์œจ์€ ์‹œํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ PAC 3.0 ใŽŽ as Alโ‚‚Oโ‚ƒ/L ์ด์ƒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 97%์ด์ƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์นจ์ „์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ฝ 80%์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐํšจ์œจ์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์›์ˆ˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํƒ๋„์ œ๊ฑฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ 20sec-1,30sec-1์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 5๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์ด 95%์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ chlorophyll a ์ œ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(G:10 sec-1,20sec-2)์‘์ง‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 5๋ถ„์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํšจ์œจ์ด 98%์ •๋„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(G:30sec-1, 45sec-1)๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 15๋ถ„ ์ •๋„ ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ˆ˜์˜ chlorophyll a์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์€ ์นจ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ถ€์ƒ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€์ƒ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ Chlamydomonas ์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์›์ˆ˜ 1.7ร—10cell/ml์˜ ์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 98%์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ œ๊ฑฐ์— ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด, ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ฐ€์••๋ถ€์ƒ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํƒ๋„๋Š” ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์••๋ ฅ์ด 4ใŽ/ใŽ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด๋‚ด์˜ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ 95%์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋•Œ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒด์ ๋†๋„๋Š” 5600ppm์ด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹คํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด๋‚ด์˜ ์••๋ ฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„ 15%์ด์ƒ์—์„œ 90%์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ ๊ธฐํฌ์ฒด์ ๋†๋„(ฯ†b)๋Š” 8030ppm์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ chlorophyll a ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์€ ์‹คํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์••๋ ฅ์— ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„๊ฐ€ 10%์ด์ƒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 98%์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์œจ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์†Œ ๊ธฐํฌ์ฒด์ ๋†๋„(ฯ†b) 5600ppm์—์„œ ์›์ˆ˜์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ Chlamydomonas 1.7ร—10 cell/ml์˜ ์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 98%์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ์ • ๊ธฐํฌ์ฒด์ ๋†๋„(ฯ†b)๋Š” 5600ppm์ด์ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์••๋ ฅ 4ใŽ/ใŽ ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„ 10%์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์—ฐ์†ํ๋ฆ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ chlorophyll a์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์œจ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์••๋ ฅ4.0ใŽ/ใŽ ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋Ÿ‰ 10%์ด์ƒ์—์„œ chlorophyll a๊ฐ€ 95%์ด์ƒ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ํšŒ๋ถ„์‹ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ํšŒ๋ถ„์‹์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์ด 98%์ด์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์••๋ ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ chlorophyll a ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋Ÿ‰ 10%๊ฒฝ์šฐ 4.0ใŽ/ใŽ ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์€ ๊ธฐํฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ณผ ์นจ์ „์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒ๋„ ๋ฐ chlorophyll a์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํƒ๋„์™€ chlorophyll a ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์ƒ์ด ์นจ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ chlorophyll a๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 80 ใŽŽ/ใŽฅ์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€์ƒ์ด ์นจ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํšจ์œจ์ด ๋šœ๋ ท์ด ๋†’์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ chlorophyll a๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์›์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€์ƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‘์ง‘๊ณต์ •์˜ ์ธ์ž์ธ ์‘์ง‘์ œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋Ÿ‰์€PAC 3.0ใŽŽ as Alโ‚‚Oโ‚ƒ/L, ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‘์ง‘๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‘์ง‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ ์ • ๊ธฐํฌ์ฒด์ ๋†๋„(ฯ†b)๋Š” 5600ppm์ด์ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์••๋ ฅ 4ใŽ/ใŽ ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋น„ 10% ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  chlorophyll a๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์›์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€์ƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] In Korea, about 40% of drinking water uses dam and lake water. One of the major problem of using these water is the algae which was determine the taste and odors of treated water. But these organisms could not perfectly been removed by conventional water treatment process. Therefore, the advanced water treatments are needed in these day. Lake Paldang is important water resources for capital area, Algae bloom has been seasonally observed in this lake. It is well known that high concentration of phosphorus and nitrogen bring about algae bloom. Algae in drinkingwater supplies can cause several problems including bad taste and strange odors which is mostly due to geosmin and 2-MIB(Methylisoborneol), formation of disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes and chloroacetic acids, and clogging of filter beds. Flotation has been used as a clarification process in drinking water treatment in the Europe for more than 20 years. This process, however, has recently been introduced in the North America. Dissolved air flotation(DAF) system is an alternative process of sedimentation which is effectivefor the removal of low densty particles such as algae, floc particles produced from treating water supplies containing natural color or humic substances. The purpose of this study is to investigate the algae removal using dissolved air flotation technique substituted to conventional gravity settling on various raw waters collected from these resources such as Amsa(river water), Lake Guam(lake water) and synthetic water contained Chlamydomonas. This study has three specific objectives: 1) investigation of flocculation condition such as the coagulant dose, flocculation time and mixing intensity for removing various algae concentration; 2) examination of the dissolved air flotation tank parameter such as recycle ratio and saturator tank pressure; and finally 3) comparison of algae removal ability by flotation and sedimentation. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Poly Aluminum Chloride(PAC) 3.0 mg as Al2O3/l is the optimum dosage for removing turbidity and chlorophyll a. But lake water contained with about 20 mg/m3 chlorophyll a and the synthetic water contained with about 80 mg/m3 have slight difference trends of removal efficiency from the river water. In the synthetic water, dissolved air flotation removes more than 95% of chlorophyll a at PAC 3.0 mg as Al2O3/l and this removal efficiency is better than that of sedimentation. 2. In the results of flocculation time and mixing intensity for various raw waters, removal efficiency of algae in the lake and the synthetic water differ from that in the river water. When mixing intensity is low, highest removal efficiency is obtained at the relatively short time(5min). When mixing intensity is high, highest removal efficiency is obtained at the relatively longer time(15min). 3. In the results of recycle ratio and saturator pressure for removing algae on various raw waters, the optimal conditions of bubble volume concentration(ฯ†b), recycle ratio and saturator pressure were 5600 ppm, 10 %, 4 kg/cm2 respectively. At this condition, Chlamydomonas 1.7ร—105 cells/ml reduce above 98%. 4. In the results of continuous flow test, removal efficiency of chlorophyll a is 95% with 10% recycle ratio and 4.0 kg/cm2 saturator pressure. These results of removal efficiency is slightly less than that of batch test, but trend of removal efficiency is the same. 5. In the comparisons of flotation to settling techniques, dissolved air flotation is more effective than settling for removing chlorophyll a. If raw water contain much more chlorophyll a, flotation process shows more efficient than sedimentation. According to these results, we can find that optimum dosage for removing algae is Poly Aluminum Chloride(PAC) 3.0 mg as Al2O3/L. Flotation performance is slightly im proved with increasing flocculation mixing intensity and time. Bubble volume concentration, recycle ratio and saturator pressure are 5600ppm, 10%, 4 kg/cm2 respectively. The results suggest that flotation is more effective water treatment for removing algae in raw water.restrictio

    Indolizino[3,2-c]quinoline ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค ์„ผ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๊ด‘์—ญํ•™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์•ฝํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ์ด์ง€์—ฐ.์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜•๊ด‘ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ธํฌ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ๊ด‘๋ฐ›์•„ ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋น„์นจ์Šต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ธํฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜•๊ด‘ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํด๋ฆฌํ—คํ…Œ๋กœ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์ธ Indolizino[3,2-c] quino-line (IQ) ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ์จ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. IQ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ washing๊ณผ์ • ์—†์ด๋„ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์น˜ํ™˜๊ธฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” DNA๋‚˜ RNA์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ์ฒด ํƒ€๊ฒŸ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์„ธํฌํ•ต, ํ•ต์†Œ์ฒด, ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์ข€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธํฌ ์†Œ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ด์ ์ธ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์‘์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์€ ์„ธํฌ๋ง‰ ํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ, ๋†’์€ ๊ด‘์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ์€ ์„ธํฌ ๋…์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํฐ stoke shift๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ DNA probe์™€ ์ƒ๋ณด์ ์ธ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ IQ36์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ IQ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ธํฌํ™œ๋™๋“ค์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์จ ์‘์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Indolizino[3,2-c]quinoline ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ด‘์—ญํ•™์  ํ™œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. IQ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋น›์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ข…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ญ์•” ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ IQ18 ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•๊ด‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์ž๋‚ด ํ‘œ์  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ apoptosis์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ „์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด‘๊ฐ๊ฐ์ œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 6 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ IQ ์œ ๋„์ฒด๋“ค์˜ substitiution effect์— ์˜ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ๋‚ด ๋ถ„ํฌ 6 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ DNA ๋˜๋Š” RNA ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—์„œ IQ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 10 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ RNA๋ถ„ํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜•๊ด‘ ๋ณ€ํ™” 14 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ Counter staining 16 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” IQ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 19 ์ œ 6 ์ ˆ ์„ธํฌ ์†Œ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์„ ํƒ์ ์ธ IQ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• 23 ์ œ 7 ์ ˆ IQ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ Singlet oxygen Quantum Yield 36 ์ œ 8 ์ ˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• 28 ์ œ 9 ์ ˆ ๊ด‘๋…์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 32 ์ œ 10 ์ ˆ DNA photocleavage 34 ์ œ 11 ์ ˆ ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ข… ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ™•์ธ 38 ์ œ 12 ์ ˆ ๋น› ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 40 ์ œ 13 ์ ˆ ์„ธํฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฉธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™” 44 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 48 1. ํ˜•๊ด‘ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• 48 2. Cell-based high throughput screening 48 3. ํก๊ด‘ ๋ฐ ํ˜•๊ด‘ ์ธก์ • 49 4. RNase์— ์˜ํ•œ RNA๋ถ„ํ•ด 50 5. Counter-staining 50 6. ๊ด‘์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 52 7. ์„ธํฌ ๋…์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 52 8. ๋น› ์กฐ์‚ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜•๊ด‘ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• 53 9. ๊ด‘๋…์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 53 10. DNA photocleavage 54 11. DHE๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ข… ์ธก์ • 54 12. ๋น› ์กฐ์‚ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง• 55 13. TMRE staining 55 14. PI(Propidium iodide) staining 56 15. Hoechst๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ DNA fragmentation ํ™•์ธ 56 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 58 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 60 Abstract 68Maste

    Homes of Middle-Aged Women and Their Childrens Residential Independence from the Individualization Perspective

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ƒํ™œ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์•„๋™๊ฐ€์กฑํ•™๊ณผ,2020. 2. ์ง„๋ฏธ์ •.๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ตญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธํ™” ๋‹ด๋ก ์€ ์ฒญ๋…„์„ธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ํŽธ์ค‘๋œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธํ™” ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์  ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธํ™” ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ง€ํ‰์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ์™€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 50, 60๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ 13๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ฌ์ธต๋ฉด์ ‘์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ์ธต๋ฉด์ ‘ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ œ๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐํƒ€์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ๋ฐฉ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž๋ฆฝ์  ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ๋ด„๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ์œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ ธ์„œ ์†์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ž๋…€, ์†์ž๋…€์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐํƒ€์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์ž๋ฆฝ์  ๊ฐœ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ต์••๋˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ž๋…€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํŽธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ž๋ฆฝ์  ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋…ธํ›„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ž์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ์™€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์ €์„ฑ ์œ„๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”์˜ ์–‘์ƒ์ด ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ 5๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ 50, 60๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ 4๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์€ ์ž๋…€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์†Œ์™ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ํ•ด์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ €์—๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์†Œ์™ธ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๋…€ ์ง‘์— ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ€์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ž๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์  ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์žฌํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž๋…€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์†Œ์™ธ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธด์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.Although individualization is a universal experience that spans multiple generations, existing discourses on individualization tend to be biased towards the youth population. The purposes of this study are twofold: first is to explore the meaning of home for middle-aged women and their childrens residential independence from the individualization perspective and second is to contribute to the developmental understanding of middle-aged women and to expand the horizons of individualization discourse. This dissertation consists of two separate but interrelated studies for these purposes. First, an exploratory study on the meaning of home for middle-aged women attempted to examine the needs and identities of middle-aged women in the context of individualized society. I conducted in-depth interviews with 13 middle-aged women in their 50s and 60s, and analyzed the interview data using thematic analysis. The meaning of home for middle-aged women as derived from thematic analysis was the space of privacy, of care, and of economic value. In the home as a private space, it revealed that the participants' identity as a mother remained strong, and through the use of each room, there was a conflict between the desire to be an independent individual and the identity as a parent. In the home as a space of care, the occupancy of the home varied depending on whom is cared. When the participants cared for grandchildren, they recognized the home as a space shared with children and grandchildren, but when they cared for old parents, they expressed a desire to occupy the home exclusively for families and they did not consider old parents as their immediate family. In addition, when there was a spouse who needed care in the home, the participants felt isolated from the outside and the desire to be an independent individual was suppressed. In the home as a space of economic value, the economic value of home was a means of maintaining parent-child relationships, while the result of the competition between the identity as a parent and the desire to be an independent individual was expressed in the form of using home as an asset for their old age. The meaning of home for middle-aged women shows that individual needs and identities are colliding at various points, and that there is a difference in the degree to which social structure changes are reflected according to salience hierarchy. These results suggest that the patterns of individualization can appear in various ways, even for an individual. Second, in a study on middle-aged women who experienced residential independence of never-married children, the experience of middle-aged women was examined, centered on the home as residence of never-married children. I conducted interviews with four middle-aged women in their 50s and 60s who had experienced residential independence of never-married children within the past five years, and a variety of field texts were used as research texts. The essence of reconstructing the participants experiences into narratives was the anxiety about alienation from their child and the expectation of resolving the anxiety through the marriage of their child. The participants felt anxiety about their never-married children, and at the bottom of such anxiety lays the anxiety about themselves being alienated from their children. The participants tried to visit their childrens homes to relieve their anxiety, but as their child avoided this, the anxiety was not resolved but aggravated. In this context, the reason why the participants wanted their children to marry was that they aspired to restore intimate relationship with their child through the event. These results imply that there are differences among the generations in how they adapt to the individualized society and how these differences lead to tension and conflict between the generations.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ 8 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ 8 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 11 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 15 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 21 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 42 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜ผ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋…๋ฆฝ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ 47 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ 47 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 51 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 57 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 62 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 89 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 95 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 102 Abstract 114Docto
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