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    ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ •์น˜์ธ ๊ณต์ฒœํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ํŠน์ง•

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ตญ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ตญ์ œํ•™๊ณผ(๊ตญ์ œ์ง€์—ญํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2019. 2. ํ•œ์ •ํ›ˆ.์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ์ •์น˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ณผ์†Œ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 2017๋…„ ๊ตญ์ œ์˜์›์—ฐ๋งน(IPU) ๋ฐœํ‘œ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์› ๋น„์œจ์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ 161์œ„ ์ •๋„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜์› ๋น„์œจ์€ 17%๋กœ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏธํกํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ฐธ์—ฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฐœ์ „ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‚จ๋…€ ํ‰๋“ฑ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ง„ํ™”๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ๋Œ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋„ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์น˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ• ๋‹น์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ ์ •๋‹น๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทœ์œจ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ–‰ํ•ด์ ธ ์™”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํ„ฑ์—†์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์› ๋น„์œจ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์น˜์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ •์น˜์  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ์ •๋‹น๊ณต์ฒœ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜๋Š” ํ›„๋ณด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ณ์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์„ ์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ „๋žต์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1987๋…„ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์งํ›„ ์น˜๋Ÿฌ์ง„ 13๋Œ€ ์ด์„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ 20๋Œ€ ์ด์„ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ›„๋ณด์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ •์น˜์ธ ๊ณต์ฒœ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ํŠน์ง•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŒŒ์•…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณต์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋‹น๊ณผ, ํ›„๋ณด ๊ณต์ฒœ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ž ์ด๋“ค์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์šด๋™์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹น์„ ๋œ ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ง„๋ณด์ •๋‹น์ด ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ •๋‹น๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’์€ ๋น„์œจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์ฒœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ง„๋ณด์ •๋‹น์ด ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ •๋‹น๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์ฒœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ธ ์˜โ€ขํ˜ธ๋‚จ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋ณด์ •๋‹น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด์™”๋˜ ํ˜ธ๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๋‹ค, ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ •๋‹น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด์˜จ ์˜๋‚จ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์œจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์„œ์šธ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋น„์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๋น„์œจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ง„๋ณด์ •๋‹น์€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ •๋‹น์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ์† ์ •๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด์˜ ๋‹น์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌ์ƒ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ๊ณต์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์น˜์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹์„ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์นœํ™”์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ฒœ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ, ํ›„๋ณด์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ๋Œ€์ฑ…๊ณผ ์ „๋žต์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.In politics, women are likely to be underrepresented. The proportion of women in the National Assembly of Korea amounts only 17 percent in 2018. The imbalance of representation of women in the legislative position is serious and bleak. In order to encourage womens participation in politics and improve their political representation, the figure of female politicians needs to be increased. For this purpose, the number of female candidates running for the election would be the first and important indicator. Previous studies about women in Korean politics also have dealt with this issue, but they have limitations in terms of the period of analysis because it is limited to only one or a few terms, so it is temporal. Consequently, it is hard to find consistent trends or characteristics. However, it would be very important to know the trends or features of female candidate nomination to promote their participation and representation in politics. Through this paper, I will analyze the characteristics and trends of female candidate rates of general election in Korea after democratization in 1987 to 2017 with the statistical data from the National Election Commission. Also, this study hypothesizes that there may be difference on the characteristics and trends of female candidates by two variablesby party and by region. Then, I will ask the following research question. Are female candidates influenced by specific variables like parties and regions when they are nominated? As a result, I have found following results based on three hypotheses. First, there is a trend that liberal parties nominate more female candidate rates in the general elections than conservative parties. Second, female candidates have been nominated more in Yeongnam region than Honam. Third, Seoul/Capital areas have had more female candidate rates than Non-capital areas. Lastly, although liberal parties have higher rates of female candidates, they nominate women in their non-competitive region which has a little chance of winning. On the contrary, conservative parties rarely nominated female candidates in non-competitive regions.Abstract i Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1. Purpose of Research 1 2. Research Design 4 Chapter 2. Literature Review 13 1. Normative Aspects of Female Candidate Selection 13 2. Systemic Aspects of Female Candidate Selection 15 2-1. Electoral or Candidate Selection System 15 2-2. Candidate Selection Methods 16 3. Political Party and Female Candidate Selection 16 4. Region and Female Candidate Selection 18 4-1. Politicization of Regional Identity 18 4-1-1. Different Attitudes toward the Role of Women 19 4-1-2. Difference between Urban and Rural Area 20 4-2. Regional Partisanship 20 4-3. The Sacrificial Lamb Theory 22 5. Limitations of Existing Literatures 24 Chapter 3. Hypotheses 26 1. Partisan Hypotheses 26 2. Regional Hypotheses 27 2-1. Regional Voting Behavior between Yeongnam and Honam 27 2-2. Difference between Seoul/capital areas and non-capital areas 32 3. Sacrificial Lamb Hypotheses 33 Chapter 4. Partisan Differences 35 1. Proportion of Female Candidate by Party 35 2. Number of Female Candidate-Nominated Regions by Party 50 3. Findings 54 Chapter 5. Regional Differences 55 1. Regional Pattern of Female Candidate Selection 56 2. Comparison between Yeongnam and Honam 60 3. Comparison between Seoul capital areas and non-capital areas 66 4. Findings 68 Chapter 6. The Female Candidates as Sacrificial Lambs 69 1. Proportion of Female Candidate Selection 71 2. Number of Times of Female Candidate Selection 77 3. Findings 81 Chapter 7. Conclusion 82 Bibliography 84 Appendix 92 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก 93Maste

    ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ(๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™์ „๊ณต),2020. 2. ์กฐ์„ฑ์ผ.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ : ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง์—…๊ตฐ์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ์‘๋Œ€์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ ‘์ด‰ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •ํ‘œํ˜„ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ํ†ต์ œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํญ์–ธ ๋ฐ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜(WMSD)๊ณผ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์ž ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฐœ์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ• ์ œ26์กฐ์˜2์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์›์ฒญ์—…์ฒด์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํญ์–ธ ๋ฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์ƒ, ์›์ฒญ์—…์ฒด๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์—, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์™€์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ5์ฐจ ๊ทผ๋กœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ์‚ฌ (2017) ์›์‹œ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฐ›์•„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ, ์ œ5์ฐจ ๊ทผ๋กœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž 50,205๋ช… ์ค‘ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž 29,171๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์€ ์ง์žฅ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋˜๋Š” ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ์—…๋ฌด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํญ๋ ฅ, ์„ฑํฌ๋กฑ, ์™•๋”ฐ/๊ดด๋กญํž˜, ์–ธ์–ดํญ๋ ฅ, ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์„ฑ์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ, ์œ„ํ˜‘, ๋ชจ์š•์  ํ–‰๋™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜์€ ์—…๋ฌด์ƒ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”ํ†ต, ์ƒ์ง€์˜ ๊ทผ์œกํ†ต, ํ•˜์ง€์˜ ๊ทผ์œกํ†ต ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์€ ์—…๋ฌด์ƒ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ํ›„, ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ง€์œ„, ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์œ ๋ฌด, ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ทผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋ถ€, ๊ทผ๋กœ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ทœ์ง๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์ฐจ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ง์—…๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ •ํ•œ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•ญ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, R 3.6.1๊ณผ SPSS 25.0์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ, ๋™๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋” ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ด์•…ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋†“์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋งŒ์ด ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ(OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10-2.74)๊ณผ ์ •์  ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜(๋‚จ-OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.80-2.86; ์—ฌ-OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 2.14-3.47) ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ(๋‚จ-OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 2.17-6.28; ์—ฌ-OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.00-7.45)๊ณผ ์ •์  ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋™๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜(๋‚จ-OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 2.04-3.57; ์—ฌ-OR: 3.46, 95% CI: 2.27-5.29) ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ(๋‚จ-OR: 8.32, 95% CI: 5.17-13.39; ์—ฌ-OR: 5.27, 95% CI: 2.46-11.29)๊ณผ ์ •์  ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณตํ•™์  ์œ ํ•ด์ธ์ž์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋น„๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์ž์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณตํ•™์  ์œ ํ•ด์ธ์ž์— ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๋•Œ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋†’์•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜, ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—์„œ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์—…์„ฑ ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ๋ณ„๋กœ ํŠนํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™์  ์˜์˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ํญ์–ธ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์žฅํ•ด ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ• ์ œ26์กฐ์˜2์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„ํ–‰๋ฒ•์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ์ง€๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํญ์–ธ๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์›์ฒญ์—…์ฒด์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ• ์ œ29์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์‘๋Œ€๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์žฅ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์ฒญ์—…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.Introduction: Various occupations in the modern society conduct customer service, and workers have more opportunities for contact with customers to provide services. However, this situation result in emotional labor in which workers emotions are managed and controlled according to the emotional expression rules required by companies, or problems such as physical violence or verbal abuse caused by customers. Through many studies, emotional labor and workplace violence are known to cause various health problems. In this study, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and work-related depression were selected as outcome variables in order to examine the effects of emotional labor and workplace violence on physical health and mental health. Also, this study analyzed Korean employees by gender and employment types in order to explore the direction to improve Article 26-2 of the revised Industrial Safety and Health Act(ISHA) known as the Emotional Laborers Protection Act. The biggest limitation of the current law is that even though many of the emotional laborers are indirect employment workers, the parent company has no obligation to protect them unless the employer of the parent company voluntarily makes efforts to protect the indirect employees. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the distribution of emotional labor and workplace violence according to gender and employment types, to verify the association between two exposure variables and two outcome variables, and to identify the interaction effects between exposure variables and employment types on outcome variables. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study that analyzed the raw data of the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey(5th KWCS) from the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, and of the 50,205 survey subjects in the 5th KWCS, 29,171 employees were analyzed. Among the main exposure variables, emotional labor was defined as hiding their own emotions and dealing directly with people who are not coworkers, or dealing with angry customers. Workplace violence was defined as cases that workers had suffered any one among physical violence, sexual harassment, bullying, verbal abuse, unwanted sexual interest, threat, and insulting behavior while working. Workplace violence was divided into workplace violence by customers and workplace violence by coworkers. Among the outcome variables, WMSD was defined as cases that workers had experienced any one among work-related backache, work-related muscular pains in upper limbs(shoulders, neck, arms, elbows, wrists, hands), and work-related muscular pains in lower limbs(hips, legs, knees, feet) over the last 12 months. Work-related depression was defined as cases that workers had experienced work-related depression over the past 12 months. Employment types were largely divided into direct and indirect employment, and then each group was divided into standard and nonstandard employment using four questions: status of workers, contract period, whether work was short term work or not, and whether work was sustainable or unsustainable. Cross-tabulation analysis was conducted to determine whether there was a difference in the distribution of variables according to gender and employment types. Sociodemographic and occupational variables were adjusted, and survey logistic regression applying weight was conducted to verify associations between exposure and outcome variables. In addition, interaction terms were added to logistic regression in order to identify whether the effects of exposure variables on outcome variables differ by employment types. Standardized weights were applied to all analyses. R 3.6.1 and SPSS 25.0 were used for all statistical analyses. Results: Among the employment types, indirect employment workers showed higher proportions of emotional labor, workplace violence by customers, and workplace violence by coworkers than direct employment workers, and were in poor working conditions. Emotional labor was positively associated with work-related depression(OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10-2.74) only in females, but workplace violence by customers was positively associated with WMSD(male-OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.80-2.86; female- OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 2.14-3.47) and work-related depression(male-OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 2.17-6.28; female-OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.00-7.45), and workplace violence by coworkers was also positively associated with WMSD(male-OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 2.04-3.57; female- OR: 3.46, 95% CI: 2.27-5.29) and work-related depression(male-OR: 8.32, 95% CI: 5.17-13.39; female-OR: 5.27, 95% CI: 2.46-11.29). Both males and females had significant interaction effects between emotional labor and ergonomic risk factors on WMSD. The risk of WMSD was high when non-emotional laborers exposed to high levels of ergonomic risk factors. Two types of workplace violence and employment types had significant interaction effects on two outcome variables only in females. In particular, female employees with indirect employment and workplace violence by coworkers were at the greatest risk of suffering WMSD and work-related depression, and female employees with indirect employment and 'workplace violence by customers' also had high risk of work-related depression. Conclusion: This study found that workplace violence was associated with WMSD and work-related depression in both genders, and emotional labor was associated with work-related depression in females. In order to develop prevention and management programs of WMSD and work-related depression for Korean employees, two types of workplace violence need to be considered. Also, emotional labor should be managed to prevent female employees work-related depression. In females, since the effects of workplace violence on health differed according to employment types, it is suggested that interventions of workplace violence be conducted in a specialized way for each employment type. In particular, it is necessary to protect indirect employment workers from workplace violence by coworkers, also called workplace harassment. The most important implication of the study is to suggest the improvement direction of Article 26-2 of the revised ISHA, which deals with preventive measures against health problems caused by verbal abuse or assault etc. by customers. Therefore, in order to properly protect indirect employment workers who are out of the laws boundary from workplace violence by customers, Article 29 of ISHA should also be applied to workplaces that use customer-facing workers who are regulated by Article 26-2 of ISHA, so that parent companies can be held accountable for the protection of indirect employment workers.Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Objectives 8 Chapter 2. METHODS 9 2.1 Data source and subjects 9 2.2 Definition of variables 11 2.3 Statistical analysis 16 Chapter 3. RESULTS 18 3.1 General characteristics of subjects 18 3.2 Characteristics by exposure variables 22 3.3 Prevalence of outcome variables 27 3.4 Comparison by employment types 31 3.5 Effects of emotional labor and workplace violence on health 39 3.5.1 Physical health: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders 39 3.5.2 Mental health: Work-Related Depression 45 Chapter 4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 50 4.1 Discussion 50 4.2 Conclusion 61 REFERENCES 63 APPENDIX 71 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 75Maste

    Individual Attitudes toward North Korean Immigrants

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‚จํ•œ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ก ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ(ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž) ์ˆ˜์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์นœ๊ทผ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ๏ผŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค 10๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…๋งŒ์ด ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž ์ˆ˜์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด๏ผŒ 3๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…๋งŒ์ด ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž๋ฅผ ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๏ผŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด๏ผŒ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋“ฑ์€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์˜ํ•ญ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จํ•œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ทผ๊ฐ ํƒœ๋„ ๊ฐ„์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํƒœ๋„์— ๊ธ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”์š”์ธ์ด ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ๏ผŒ ์ด ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž์™€ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž์— ๋‚จํ•œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํƒœ๋„์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์กฑํ†ต์ผ์„ ์ด๋ค„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž„์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ๏ผŒ ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์  ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ด€์ ์„ ํ†ตํ›Œ}ํ•ด ์ถ”์ง„๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒˆ๋ถ์ž์™€ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚จํ•œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐœ๋น™์„ฑ๊ณผ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. The aim of this paper is to analyze the attitudes South Korean individuals have toward North Korean immigrants, and how these attitudes are formed using survey date obtained in South Korea. 90% of South Koreans have positive attitudes towards policy supporting the inflow of North Korean immigrants, however, 70% of respondents expressed antiimmigrant feelings toward North Korean immigrants who live in South Korea. Related to the determinants of both attitudes, while economic independent variables were not statistically relevant, cultural and political variables had significant influence. This analysis shows that although South Korean individuals have different attitudes between the theoretical inflow of North Korean immigrants and the feelings toward actual North Korean immigrants, national identity is a significant variable to influence such attitudes. Consequently, the stronger the feeling of national identity, the more positive people's attitudes toward North Korean immigrants are, and the more negative people's attitudes toward foreign immigrants are. Therefore not only national but also multicultural perspectives should be integrated in the design and execution of government policy concerning North Korean immigrants

    North Korean Refugees Attitude to Welfare in South Korea

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํƒœ๋„์™€ ๊ทธ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ก ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํƒœ๋„ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ฑ๊ณผ 9๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์ถœ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์œ„์™€ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ธ์‹ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์†Œ๋“, ๊ณ ์šฉ์ง€์œ„, ๋ณต์ง€์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„, ํ›„์ž์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ ์ธ์‹, ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ง, ๋ถํ•œ๊ณผ ๋‚จํ•œ์—์„œ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ์ง€์œ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์šฉ์ง€์œ„์™€ ๋ณต์ง€์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์ธ์‹ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๋‚จํ•œ์—์„œ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํƒœ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํƒœ๋„์— ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ๋ณต์ง€๊ฒฝํ—˜, ๋‚จํ•œ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.This paper is a introductory study what any factors have a crucial effect on welfare attitude of North Korean refugees in South Korea. This paper uses two indicators โ€“ government responsibility on income gap, preferences on nine welfare policies โ€“ as dependent variables. Independent variables use several variables of objective economic status and subjective economic judgement. Objective variables are income, employment status, some experience of some welfare services. Subjective things are perception on social income gap, attitude on market economy, prospects on national economy, prospects on household economy, social status in North Korea, social status in South Korea. This paper finds that employment status, experiences of welfare services among objective variables have some significant effects on welfare attitude of North Korean refugees and that significant variables among subjective things are perception on social income gap, social status in South Korea. Depending on this results, this paper argues that changes of welfare attitude of North Korean refugees in South Korea depends on perceptions of economic stability and understanding on South Korean society.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2016๋…„ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก๋ถ€์™€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž„(NRF-2016S1A3A2925361)

    SYSTEM FOR DETECTING FAILURE OF ELECRTONIC TRANSMISSION CONTROLLER

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ์ „์ž์‹ ๋ณ€์† ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ „์ž์‹ ๋ณ€์† ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ „์ž์‹ ๋ณ€์†๊ธฐ์— ์—ฐ๋™๋œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ, ํŒŒ์›Œ, LED, ๋ฒ„ํŠผ, ํ†ต์‹ , ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด์ž…์ถœ๋ ฅ ์žฅ์น˜ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํš๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์šด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜์— ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ฃผํ–‰์ค‘ ์ „์ž์‹ ๋ณ€์†๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€ํ˜น์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์ฃผ์ž… ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ๋™์ž‘์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

    ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด ์žฅ์น˜ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด ์žฅ์น˜ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ, ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅœ์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ์„ผ์„œ ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณด์ • ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ขŒ์šฐ ํšŒ์ „ ๊ฐ์†๋„ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ๋Œ€์ฒด๊ฐ’์„ ์—ฐ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ์„ผ์‹ฑ๊ฐ’์˜ ์ „์†ก์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ๋œ ๋Œ€์ฒด๊ฐ’์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ์„ผ์‹ฑ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค.์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ผ์„œ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ฒด๊ฐ’ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋น„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ •์ƒ ์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ’๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

    PDMS of elastomeric material into the fine position adjustment of the stamp printing system

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ; ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋น„์ „ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด ํ™•์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐํŒ ๋‚ด ํŠน์ • ์œ„์น˜์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์ด๋‚˜ ํŒจํ„ด ์ •๋ ฌ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ์„ธ์กฐ์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ์„ธํšŒ์ „์Šคํ…Œ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋น„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ๊ธฐํŒ ํŒจํ„ด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ํ‹€์–ด์ง์„ ๋ณด์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ง์Šคํ…Œ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์–ดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š” ํž˜์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ.๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด(PDMS) ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ;์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ์ธก์— ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์Šคํƒฌํ•‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ด๋™ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane) ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์œ„์น˜์กฐ์ • ์ธ์‡„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ

    Microstructure for active collection of microorganisms and active collection method of microorganisms using the same

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹ค์‹œ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฑ„์ทจ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋Šฅ๋™ ์ฑ„์ทจ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋Šฅ๋™ ์ฑ„์ทจ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋Šฅ๋™ ์ฑ„์ทจ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด๋Š” ์ž์„ฑ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž, ๋ฐ˜์‘ ๊ฐœ์‹œ์ œ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๋ถ„์ž ๋‹จ๋Ÿ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ฝ”์–ด; ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ฝ”์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์‰˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

    AUTOSAR BSW testing automation system and testing method thereof

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ์˜คํ† ์‚ฌ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ…Œ์ŠคํŒ… ์ž๋™ํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ธ ์˜คํ† ์‚ฌ(AUTOSAR)์˜ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด(BSW)๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ, ECU ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ, ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ์ • BSW ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์‹คํ–‰ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•œ ํ…Œ์Šคํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๊ธฐ์™€, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ €์žฅ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒ€๊ฒŸ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํƒ€๊ฒŸ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ํ…Œ์Šคํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ €์žฅ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์Šคํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ BSW ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์†กํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ€์ผ“ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ECU ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜คํ† ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด(BSW)์˜ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ž๋™ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌํ˜„๋œ ์‘์šฉ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋”๋ผ๋„ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๋ฒ ์ด์ง ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

    Electro-mechanical brake system for vehicle and operating method thereof

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    ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€, ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€; ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€; ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๋ถ€; ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€๋กœ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํƒ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค.์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€; ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๋ถ€;์ƒ๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๋ถ€; ๋ฐ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€๋กœ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํƒ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š”์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ
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