23 research outputs found
ν΄λ§ μ κ²½μΈν¬μ ν₯λΆμ± νμλ μ€ λ°μμ λν Kv4.1κ³Ό Kv4.2 μ±λμ μ°¨λ³μ μΈ μν
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μκ³Όνκ³Ό, 2017. 2. νΈμκ²½.A-type K+ channel is important in the integration of subthreshold synaptic potentials and it is suggested that signaling mechanisms by regulation of A-type K+ channel could profoundly influence neuronal excitability. Among the Kv4 family, the intrinsic property of Kv4.1 and Kv4.2 channels are widely studied. Until today, however, the contribution of A-type K+ channel in synaptic plasticity remains unknown.
The effectiveness of inhibition of K+ channel in synaptic modification is compared in DG and CA1. 50 Hz train stimulus applied either perforant path-DG granule cell or Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal cell pathways. I observed synaptic response by using an antibody to Kv4.1/Kv4.2 and found that Kv4.2 channel has the correlation with synaptic plasticity. My data demonstrates that inhibition of Kv4.2 induce enhancement with synaptic plasticity, whereas an anti-Kv4.1 antibody does not affect. This form of plasticity is different from the general long-term plasticity which was studied before.
The mechanisms underlying the effect on synaptic plasticity were investigated. It was observed that NMDA receptor blocker, APV, partially blocked potentiation in DG. However, a complete blockade of the potentiation occurred when nimodipine (L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel antagonist) was applied. In addition, PKC plays a crucial role in intracellular signaling cascades and its mechanisms thought to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
My results support the evidence of distinct density and distribution about Kv4.1 / Kv4.2 in DG and CA1 of the hippocampus. Furthermore, in this study, I clearly show that that synaptic plasticity that associated with Kv4.2 which is distinct from general synaptic plasticity and its mechanism.Introduction 1
Materials and Methods 4
Results 7
Discussion 37
References 41
Abstract in Korean 45Maste
A Study on the Determinant Factor of the Freight Rate in the Dry Bulk Shipping Market -Focus on the Cape-Size Dry Bulk Shipping Market
This paper is focused on the determinant factors of the freight rate in tramp shipping market. Tramp shipping market is generally limited to dry bulk shipping market. In the dry bulk shipping market, it is difficult to make to estimate an accurate freight rate because of too many variables and international factors all over the world. Especially, the dry bulk shipping freight rate is determinated by global demand and supply by free competitive market which causes more various and unpredictable conditions.
Even though there is the existing theory about shipping cycle in the dry bulk shipping market, it is not always applied to real freight rate.
Moreover, freight rate volatility in dry bulk shipping market has shown different aspect as different shipping market structure. It is followed by dry bulk vessel, cargo route and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure the freight rate volatility more carefully by vessel size to prevent dry bulk shipping market risk.
Due to development of Chinese steel industry in 2000's, seaborne trade volume of iron ore and coal has been rapidly increased. This caused high demand of large vessel such as cape size dry bulk ship. In this point, this paper researches actual Baltic Capesize Index(BCI) and analyzes various factors which can influence on BCI.
According to the paper, researched several factors influencing on the dry bulk freight rate in demand, supply and other external factors through literature review and 7 hypotheses were made. By analysing correlation and regression analysis between independent variables and dependent variable, it can be figured out how BCI and independent variables have been influencing each other.
As a result of correlation and regression analysis between Baltic Capesize Index(BCI) and demand, supply and other external factors of capesize dry bulk ship, 3 followings are turned out.
Firstly, demand factors which include seaborne trade volume of iron ore and coal are highly related with BCI.
Secondly, supply factors such as delivery of newbuilding ships and demolition are lowly related with BCI.
Lastly, other external factors such as secondhand ship price, international bunker price and charter price are highly related with BCI.μ 1μ₯ μ λ‘ 1
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μ 2μ μ°κ΅¬μ λ°©λ² λ° λ²μ
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1. λΆμ κΈ°μ μ κ°λ
2. λΆμ κΈ°μ μ νΉμ§
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4. ν΄μ²΄μ μμ₯
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2. λΆμ κΈ°μ μμ₯μ μμ νν©
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1. κ΅λ΄λ¬Έν
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A case study of three mothers of children with autism undergoing early intensive behavior intervention
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μνκ³Όνλν μλκ°μ‘±νκ³Ό, 2018. 2. λ°νμ€.Although the stigma and discrimination against individuals with disabilities are still ongoing concerns in South Korea, the demand for special education services has continued to increase. Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention, known as EIBI, is often referred to as the most scientific and effective approach to significantly establish and develop socially significant skills of children with ASD. To gain optimal results from the EIBI services, the role of parents is especially important in expanding childrens behaviors and skills that are learned in structured one-on-one therapy sessions. Without parent involvement in intervention, children with ASD may not be able to generalize these learned behaviors into larger or different settings. Although numerous studies examined the effect of the intervention on the individuals, only a few focused on how culture shapes the understanding and management of autism and EIBI within Korea context.
The overarching aim of this study is to look into the lives of families of children with ASD and how they experience the child's disability. As this study explores the lives of families undergoing EIBI, I examined their lives within EIBI context.
The research questions for the study are as follows.
1. How do parents perceive the child's disability and the
intervention process?
2. How do their perceptions on the disability and the
intervention process impacted intervention outcomes?
To conduct this study, three 3 years-old children with moderate to severe ASD, their mothers and EIBI therapists were recruited and selected by using purposeful sampling. Each family was visited three times when all family members were present, with the time of stay averaging 2.5 hours. Then main caregivers, who were all mothers, and therapists were all interviewed.
A thematic analysis followed through the collected interview data, observational data, assessment evaluation, centers evaluation of the childs performance and the mothers personal notes on the child. The result demonstrated that mothers acceptance of childs disability depended on the severity of childs symptoms. Mothers perceived that EIBI is a treatment approach to improve specific social and cognitive skills rather than a treatment to improve the overall development of the child. Moreover, since it was difficult for all the family members to participate in the intervention process, mothers implemented the behavior techniques alone in the house. As as result, all children with ASD in this study demonstrated generalization issues.
The findings can be used as a reference to professionals in South Korea who can support parents with their parenting knowledge, attitude and practice and EIBI professionals who can collaborate with families to implement early behavioral intervention.I. Introduction 1
1. Background of the Study 1
2. Research Questions 3
II. Literature Review 4
1. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Definition and Diagnosis 4
2. Perceptions of Disability in Korean Culture 7
3. Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder 10
III. Methods 15
1. Overview 15
2. Researchers Perspectives 15
3. Participants 16
4. Procedures 19
5. Data Analysis 20
IV. Results 24
1. Hani & Hanas Family: mothers demand for social development 24
1) Characteristics of Hani and Hanas family 24
2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 31
3) Challenges of the child and the mother 34
2. Shins Family: mothers demand for school readiness 36
1) Characteristics of Shins family 36
2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 41
3) Challenges of the child and the mother 46
3. Jays Family: mothers demand for cognitive development 48
1) Characteristics of Jays family 48
2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 53
3) Challenges of the child and the mother 56
V. Discussion 59
Reference 64
Appendix 70
Abstract in Korean 73Maste
Antiviral Activity of Constituents Identified in Propolis against Human Rhinovirus and their Possible Mode of Action
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곡νλΆ(λ°μ΄μ€λͺ¨λλ μ΄μ
μ 곡), 2013. 2. μμ©μ€.Human rhinovirus (HRV)λ κ°κΈ°μ κ°μ μλΆνΈν‘κΈ° μ§λ³μμ κ°μ₯ ν° μμΈμ μ°¨μ§νλ λ°μ΄λ¬μ€λ‘ κ°κΈ° μμΈ λ°μ΄λ¬μ€ μ€ 30-50%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§νλ€. νλΆνΈν‘κΈ°μ κ°μΌλ κ²½μ° νλ ΄, κΈμ± μ²μ, λ§μ± νμμ± νμ§ν, μ²λͺ
λ±μ μΌμΌν€κΈ°λ ν΄ κ·Έ μ¬κ°μ±μ μλΉνλ€ ν μ μλ€. λμ±μ΄ HRVμ 100μ¬ κ°μ§ νμ²ν(serotypes)μ λ°±μ λ° μΉλ£μ λ±μ κ°λ°μ μ΄λ ΅κ² ν΄ ν¨κ³Όμ μΈ κ°κΈ°μ½μ νμ¬λ‘μ μ 무ν μ€μ μ΄λ€. μνλλ κ°κΈ°μ½μ λλΆλΆμ μ¦μμ μνμν€λ μμ€μ κ·Έμ³ μ΄μ λ°λ₯Έ μ½λ¬Όμ μ€λ¨μ© λ° νμμ μ νμ± λ±μ λ¬Έμ κ° λλλκ³ μμΌλ©° κ°κΈ°νμμ κ²°μ, κ²°κ·Ό, μΉλ£λΉμ© λ± HRV μ λ° μ§λ³μ μ¬νμ λΉμ© λν μλΉνλ€. μ΄μ μμ νκ³ λ€μν νμ²νμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 보μ΄λ κ°κΈ° μΉλ£μ λ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³ μ νλ λ
Έλ ₯μ΄ λμ± μ»€μ§κ³ μλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ ν HRV νμ±μ 보μ΄λ μ¬λ¬ μ²μ°λ¬Ό μ€ μλ΄μ°λ¬Όμ νλμΈ νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€ λ° κ·Έ ꡬμ±λ¬Όμ§μ νλ°μ΄λ¬μ€μ±μ νμνκ³ μμ© κΈ°μμ κ·λͺ
νκ³ μ νλ μ€νμ μννμλ€.
μ€νμ μ΄μ©λ Sulforhodamine B κ²μ λ²μ κΈ°μ£Ό μΈν¬λ‘μ¨ HeLa cellμ μ¬μ©νμκ³ HRV-2, -3, -4, μΈ κ°μ§ νμ²νμ μ μ©νμ¬ λμ λ²μμ νμ²νμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 보μ΄λ νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€ μ‘°μ±λ¬Όμ μ°Ύκ³ μ νμλ€. λΈλΌμ§μ° νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€λ₯Ό μ μ νμ¬ μ©λ§€λ³ μμ°¨ λΆνμ ν΅ν΄ ν΄λ‘λ‘ν¬λ¦μΈ΅, μνΈμμΈν
μ΄νΈ μΈ΅μμ HRVμ λν λμ νλ°μ΄λ¬μ€μ±μ νμΈνμκ³ μ΄ν λ€μν ν¬λ‘λ§ν κ·Έλν½ λ°©λ²μ μ¬μ©νμ¬ λΆλ¦¬νμλ€. ν΄λ‘λ‘ν¬λ¦ μΈ΅μμ λΆλ¦¬ν kaempferol (CC50, 65.0IC50, 3.7TI, 17.57) μ μνλλ νλ°μ΄λ¬μ€μ μΈ ribavirin (CC50, > 100IC50, 74.7TI, > 1.3)μ λΉν΄ λμ μΈν¬λ
μ±μ 보μμΌλ HRV νμ²ν 3μ λν΄ ν¨μ¬ λ°μ΄λ νμ±μ 보μλ€. λν μνΈμμΈν
μ΄νΈ μΈ΅μμ λΆλ¦¬, λμ ν (E)-Ο-coumaric acid (CC50, > 100IC50, 74.6TI, > 1.3)λ ribavirinκ³Ό λΉμ·ν μμ€μ νμ±μ HRV νμ²ν 3μ 보μλ€. νμ²ν 2, 4μ λν΄μλ κ²μ ν κ²°κ³Ό λ λ¬Όμ§μ νμ±μλ ν° μ°¨μ΄κ° μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. (E)-Ο-coumaric acidμ kaempferolμ μμ© κΈ°μμ κ·λͺ
νκΈ° μν μ€νμ μνν κ²°κ³Ό λ λ¬Όμ§ λͺ¨λ HRV μ
μμ μ μΌμ±μλ μν₯μ λΌμΉμ§ μμΌλ©° (E)-Ο-coumaric acidμ κ²½μ° λ°μ΄λ¬μ€ μ μ’
κ³Ό λμμ μ²λ¦¬ν κ²½μ°μλ§ νλ°μ΄λ¬μ€μ±μ λνλ΄κ³ μ μ’
μ μ΄λ μ μ’
νμλ νμ±μ΄ 50%μ΄νλ‘ λ¨μ΄μ§λ κ²μ νμΈνμλ€. Kaempferolμ λ°μ΄λ¬μ€ μ μ’
ν 6μκ°κΉμ§ 50% μ΄μμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 보μ΄λ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λν Real-time RT-PCRμ ν΅ν΄ λ λΆλ¦¬λ¬Όμ§μ΄ λͺ¨λ λ°μ΄λ¬μ€ 볡μ λ₯Ό μ΅μ νλ©° λΌμ΄λ
Έλ°μ΄λ¬μ€ μμ©μ²΄ (ICAM-1)μ μΌμ¦μ± μν μΉ΄μΈ(IL-6) mRNA λ°νμ μ΅μ νλ κ²μ κ²μ¦νμλ€. κΈ°μ‘΄μ μλ €μ§ νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€ κ΅¬μ± λ¬Όμ§ 12κ°μ λν΄ HRV-3 κ²μ μ μ€νν κ²°κ³Ό, chrysin, quercetin, acacetin, luteolinμ΄ 4.1-5.8 ΞΌg mLβ1 λ²μμ νμ±μ 보μλ€. Caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, fisetin, galangin, ferulic acid λ±λ (9.4-48.3 ΞΌg mLβ1) ribavirinμ λΉν΄ λμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 보μλ€. Quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid μ€μμ protocatechuic acidλ§μ΄ λ°μ΄λ¬μ€ μ
μμ μνΈμμ©νμ¬ κ°μΌμ±μ μ νμν€λ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€.
μ΄μμ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ μ°κ΅¬λ λΈλΌμ§μ° νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€μ ν¨μ λ νμ±λ³Έμ²΄λ₯Ό λ°νλλ€λλ° κ·Έ μμκ° μκ³ , κ΅¬μ± λ¬Όμ§μ λν μλ¬Όκ²μ κ³Ό μμ© κΈ°μ κ·λͺ
μ ν΅ν΄ νλ°μ΄λ¬μ€μ λ‘μ¨ κ°λ₯μ±μ νμνκ³ νλ‘ν΄λ¦¬μ€μ μλ‘μ΄ μ리νμ±μ λ°νλ΄μ΄ λμ
μ , μ°μ
μ μΌλ‘ κ·Έ νμ© κ°λ₯μ±μ΄ λλ€κ³ νλ¨λλ©° μΆκ°μ μ°κ΅¬κ° μꡬλλ€.HRV is the most frequent causative agents of mild upper respiratory tract infections, including common colds, and accounts for about 30-50% of all cases. They are usually a self-limited illness confined to the upper respiratory tract. However, HRV can also infect the lower respiratory tract symptoms, such as pneumonia and wheezing in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. There have been difficulties to provide efficient treatments or vaccination because of over 100 serotypes. Current common cold medicine on sale is only efficient to reduce the symptoms. Accordingly, drug misuse and abuse has been raised and antihistamines and antibiotics usages have caused many side effects. Its socio-economic importance in terms of employee absenteeism, physician visits, and medication costs are also considerable. Therefore, safe and bioactive on diverse serotype treatments development are demanded significantly for anti-HRV agents. This study aimed to investigate antiviral activity of propolis involved in bee products and its constituents and elucidate their possible mode of action.
An assessment was made of the cytotoxic and antiviral activity of the propolis and another previously known propolis constituents toward HeLa cell (ATCC CCLβ2) and three HRV serotypes (HRV-2 ATCC VR-1112AS/GP, HRV-3 ATCC VR-1113, and HRV-4 ATCC VRβ1114AS/GP), respectively, using a Sulforhodamine B bioassay. The Brazilian ethanolic extract was sequentially partitioned into different organic solvents and chloroform soluble fraction and ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed remarkable antiviral activities. Respective fractions were separated and identified by various chromatographic techniques. Kaempferol (CC50, 65.0TI, 17.57) from chloroform soluble fraction showed significantly high antiviral activity compared with currently used antiviral agents with broad spectrum, ribavirin (CC50, > 100TI, > 1.3), even with high cytotoxicity. (E)-p-coumaric acid (CC50, > 100TI, > 1.3) from ethyl acetate soluble fraction and ribavirin did not differ significantly in the antiviral activity from each other. As the result of investigation on possible mode of action, kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid did not alter the infectivity of virus particles (HRV-3). Time-course addition experiments of two constituents were also carried out. 10 ΞΌg/mL kaempferol affects the initial stage of HRV infections (0-6 h) and 100 ΞΌg/mL (E)-p-coumaric acid showed its antiviral activity when added just after the virus inoculation and very early stage after the virus inoculation (0-1 h). Inhibition of RNA replication levels of HRV-3 was investigated by real-time RT PCR. At the presence of kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid, the RNA replication levels of HRV were reduced. Also expression of RNA levels of rhinovirus receptors (ICAM-1) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) were inhibited by two constituents. As the result of antiviral activity of previously known propolis constituents, High antiviral activity was also observed with chrysin, quercetin, acacetin, luteoloin (4.1-5.8 ΞΌg mLβ1). Caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, fisetin, galangin, and ferulic acid showed moderate antiviral activity compared with ribaivrin (9.4-48.3 ΞΌg mLβ1). Among the quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid, only protocatechuic acid decreased the virus infectivity through interaction with virus particles.
In conclusion, global efforts to reduce the level of antibiotics justify further studies on propolis-derived materials containing the compounds described as potential antiviral products or lead molecules for the prevention or eradcation from humans from diseases by HRV.ABSTRACTβ
°
LIST OF TABLESβ
΅
LIST OF FIGURES β
Ά
INTRODUCTION 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 4
1. Rhinovirus 4
2. Anti-HRV agents derived from natural products 7
3. Rhinovirus chemotherpapy 9
4. Propolis 18
MATERIALS AND METHODS 22
1. Apparatus 22
2. Chemicals 22
3. Sample preparation 23
4. Extraction and isolation of active principles from Brazilian propolis 23
5. Cell lines, HRV serotypes and materials 29
6. Cytotoxic assay 30
7. HRV production 31
8. Virus titration 31
9. Antiviral assays 32
10. Effects of the active constituents on the infectivity of HRV particles 33
11. Time course of compound addition 33
12. Real time RT-PCR analysis 34
RESULTS 36
1. Antiviral activity of propolis against HRV 36
2. Isolation and identification of active principles from Brazilian propolis 37
3. Cytotoxic and antiviral activity of test compounds 48
4. Effect of test compounds on the infectivity of HRV-3 particles 54
5. Time course of test compound addition 55
6. Effects of kaempferol and (E)- p-coumaric acid on the level of HRV replication 56
7. Effects of kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid on ICAM-1 expression 57
8. Effects of kaempferol and (E)- p-coumaric acid on IL-6 expression 58
DISCUSSION 60
LITERATURE CITED 66
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 95Maste
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, ν λͺ
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μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ λ νΌκ΅¬μΈλ₯Ό μ μ©ν λνμ μΈ μ μ±
μΌλ‘ μ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ‘ μΈνμ¬ λ°μνλ νκ²½μ€μΌμ μ¬νμ νκ³λΉμ©μ κ°μΈμκ² μΈμν μ μκ² νλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ 2013λ
λΆν° μ λ©΄λμ
λ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ λμ μλ£λ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμ¬ μ€μ¦λΆμνκ³ λμμ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μμλ£μ ν¨κ³Όμ λν΄μλ μ΄ν΄λ³΄κ³ μ νμλ€. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μνμ μ ν μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ λμ
μ΄ νκ΅μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ μ΄λ ν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλμ§, μμλ£μΈμμ΄ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ κ°μμ μ μλ―Έν μν₯ λ―ΈμΉλμ§ μ΄ν΄λ³΄μλ€. νΉν, κ°μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό μ€ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯κ³Ό μ¬μ
μ₯μννκΈ°λ¬Ό μ€ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ μ°¨μ΄κ° μλμ§ λ³΄κ³ μ νλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό μνμ¬ 2009λ
λΆν° 2014λ
κΉμ§ νκ΅μ 222κ°μ κΈ°μ΄μμΉλ¨μ²΄μ μ°λλ³ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ μλ£μ μ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ λ¨μμκΈ μλ£λ₯Ό νμ©νμλ€.
κ³ μ ν¨κ³Όλͺ¨νλΆμ(fixed effects model)κ³Ό μμν¨κ³Όλͺ¨νλΆμ(random effects model)μ μ€μνμλ€. μ’
λμ μ€μ μ΄μ λΆν° μ΄νκΉμ§μ κΈ°κ°(2009-2014λ
)μ μ°κ΅¬λ²μλ‘ μ€μ νμ¬ μ¦, 6λ
κ° 222κ° κΈ°μ΄μμΉλ¨μ²΄ μλ£λ₯Ό ν¨λλ°μ΄ν°λ‘ ꡬμ±νμ¬ μΈκ΅¬, λ©΄μ , μ¬μ
체μ, μ§μμ μλμμ€, μ§λ°©μμΉλ¨μ²΄ μ ν, μ²μμμ° μ¬μ μ립λ, 곡무μμ κ³Όνλ£λΆκ³ΌκΈμ‘μ ν΅μ ν ν μ’
λμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. λμμ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μμλ£ μΈμμ΄ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ λ―ΈμΉλ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ€μ¦λΆμνμλ€. μ’
λμ μ€μ μ΄νμ κΈ°κ°(2013-2014λ
)μ μ°κ΅¬λ²μλ‘ μ€μ νμκ³ μμ μΈκΈλ ν΅μ λ³μλ‘ ν΅μ ν λ€ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. λ λ
립λ³μμ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όλ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€.
첫째, μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ λ μ΄ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλκ³Ό κ°μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό μ€ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ κ°μμν€λ κΈμ μ μΈ ν¨κ³Όκ° μμλ€. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ λ₯Ό μννμ λ, μννμ§ μμμ λλ³΄λ€ μ 체 μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ κ²½μ° 8.59% κ°μ, κ°μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό μ€ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ°μ κ²½μ° 13.36% κ°μνλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. μ΄λ μ’
λμ κ° μ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆνλ κ°μΈμ νλλ³νμ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€μμ, νΉν κ°μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆμμ νλλ³νμ μ μΈκΈ°μ¬κ° λμμμ μ μ μλ€.
λμ§Έ, μ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ λ μ¬μ
μ₯μμ λ°°μΆλλ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ λνμ¬λ μ μλ―Έν μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μμ§ μμλ€. μ΄λ μ’
λμ λ₯Ό ν΅ν μΈμΌν°λΈ(incentive)κ° μ¬μ
μ₯μμλ μ μλνμ§ μμμ 보μ¬μ€λ€. μ¬μ
μ₯μμ λ°μν νκΈ°λ¬Όμ μμλ£ λΆκ³Όλλ μ£Όμ²΄κ° μ¬μ
μ₯μ΄ λλ κ²½μ°κ° λλ€μμ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°°μΆνλ κ°μΈμ μ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ‘ μΈν μ¬νμ νκ³λΉμ©μ(SMC)λ₯Ό μΈμνμ§ λͺ»νμ¬ κ³΅μ μ¬μ λΉκ·Ή(tragedy of the commons)μ΄ μΌμ΄λκ² λλ€.
μ
μ§Έ, μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μμλ£λ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ λνμ¬ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉκ³ μμ§ μμλ€. μ€μ λ‘ μ νμ°κ΅¬ μ€ μ’
λμ μμλ£ μΈμμ΄ νκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆλ κ°μλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§μ§ λͺ»νλ€λ λΆμκ²°κ³Όκ° λ€μ μλ€. μ΄λ μ’
λμ μμλ£ μ¦κ°μ μ΄μ©ν μΈμΌν°λΈ μ μΈκΈ°μ κ° κ°μΈμκ² ν° μν₯λ ₯μ΄ μλ€λ λ»μΌ μλ μλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μμ§ μ μ±
μ΄ μ λ©΄μνλ κΈ°κ°μ΄ κΈΈμ§ μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όκ° λνλμ§ μμ κ²μΌ μλ μλ€. λν μμλ£μ νμ€νκ° μ΄λ€μ§λ€λ©΄ μ μΈκΈ°μ λ‘μμ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όκ° λνλ μ¬μ§κ° μλ€. νκ²½λΆλ νμ¬ 30%μ λ λλ μ£Όλ―ΌλΆλ΄λ₯ μ μμλ£ μΈμμ ν΅νμ¬ λμ¬ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμ κ°λμ λͺ©νλ‘ νκ³ μλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬ κ²°κ³Όμ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ μμλ£ μΈμμ΄ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλμλ μ μλ―Έν μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όκ° μμ μ μμΌλ μμλ£ μΈμμ λ°λ₯Έ 무λ¨ν¬κΈ°, μνμ°λ κΈ° λ΄ν¬ νΌν© λ°°μΆ λ± λΆμμ©μ μ΅μννκΈ° μν λ
Έλ ₯μ ν΄μΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μμλ 2013λ
μ κ΅μ μ λ©΄ λμ
λ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ€μ¦ λΆμνλ€λ μ μ΄λ€. μ νμ°κ΅¬μμ λΉκ΅λ₯Ό ν΅ν λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μμλ₯Ό μ΄ν΄λ³΄μλ©΄ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. μ°μ μ’
λμ λ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλλ³΄λ€ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆλμ κ°μμν€λ ν¨κ³Όκ° λ ν¬λ€. μ νμ°κ΅¬μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ κ΅μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆλμ μ°λ κΈ°μ’
λμ μ’
λμ μ€μ μ΄μ κ³Ό λΉκ΅νμ¬ μ μ±
μ€μ μ΄ν 31.61% κ°μνμκ³ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μνλ©΄ μ κ΅μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλλ μ’
λμ μ€μ μ΄μ κ³Ό λΉκ΅νμ¬ μ μ±
μ€μ μ΄ν 8.59% κ°μνμλ€. μ΄λ μννκΈ°λ¬Όμ μ¬νμ© λΆλ¦¬λ°°μΆμ ν΅ν κ°μΆμ¬μ§κ° μμΌλ―λ‘ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ°κ° μννκΈ°λ¬Ό λ³΄λ€ κ°μΆνκΈ° μ΄λ €μΈ μ μλ€λ μμμ μ€μ¦μ μΌλ‘ λ°ν κ²μΌλ‘ λ³Ό μ μλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅νμ¬ λ³Ό λ, μμλ¬ΌνκΈ°λ¬Ό κ°λ μ μ±
μ μννκΈ°λ¬Ό μ μ±
λ³΄λ€ λ κΉλ€λ‘κ³ μ΄λ €μΈ μ μλ€.
λν λλ€μμ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ νμ°κ΅¬κ° μ¬νμ©μ μ΄μ μ λ§μΆ°μ Έ μλ λ°λ©΄ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ κ°λμ λͺ©νλ‘ μ€μ¦λΆμμ νμλ€λ μ μμ μμκ° μλ€. νΉν μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ λ©΄λμ
μ΄ν, μ’
λμ μ μ μ±
ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆμν λ
Όλ¬Έμ΄ μλ€λ μ μμ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ μμκ° ν¬λ€.μ 1 μ₯ μλ‘ 1
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ κ³Ό νμμ± 1
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λ²μμ λ°©λ² 4
μ 2 μ₯ μ΄λ‘ μ λ
Όμμ μ νμ°κ΅¬ 5
μ 1 μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ 5
1. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ κ°λ
5
2. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ μ°ν 7
3. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ μμΉ 10
4. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ λ²μ κ·Όκ±° 11
5. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ λμ 12
6. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ λ΄μ© 15
μ 2 μ μ΄λ‘ μ λ
Όμ 20
μ 3 μ μ νμ°κ΅¬ 23
1. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° 23
2. μ°λ κΈ°μ’
λμ 27
3. μ νμ°κ΅¬μμ μ°¨λ³μ 35
μ 3 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ μ€κ³ 36
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λΆμν 36
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬κ°μ€ 38
μ 3 μ λΆμλμκ³Ό λΆμλ°©λ² 40
1. λΆμλμ 40
2. λΆμλ°©λ² 41
μ 4 μ λ³μ 43
1. μ’
μλ³μ-μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ 43
2. λ
립λ³μ(1)-μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μνμ¬λΆ Β· 43
3. λ
립λ³μ(2)-μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μμλ£ Β· 44
4. ν΅μ λ³μ 44
μ 4 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ λΆμκ²°κ³Ό 48
μ 1 μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ μΆμ΄ 48
μ 2 μ κΈ°μ΄ν΅κ³λ 53
1. μ’
μλ³μ 53
2. λ³μμ κΈ°μ΄ν΅κ³λ 56
3. ν¨λλ°μ΄ν° κΈ°μ΄ν΅κ³λ 58
μ 3 μ μ€μ¦λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό 60
1. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ κ°μ κ΄κ³ 60
2. μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° μ’
λμ μμλ£μ μμλ¬Όμ°λ κΈ° λ°°μΆλ κ°μ κ΄κ³ 67
μ 5 μ₯ κ²°λ‘ 70
μ 1 μ λΆμλ΄μ©μ μμ½ 70
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ λ° ν₯ν μ°κ΅¬κ³Όμ 72
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 74
Abstract 81Maste
νκ΅μΈ μμ΄νμ΅μ μ€λλ¬Έμ λ¨λ½ μ κ° νΉμ§μ κ΄ν λΉκ΅μ°κ΅¬
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μΈκ΅μ΄κ΅μ‘κ³Ό μμ΄μ 곡,2004.Maste
Smart weekend farm trading system and method for thereof
λ³Έ λ°λͺ
μ, λ€νΈμν¬ μ μλ μ¬μ©μ λ¨λ§κΈ°λ‘λΆν° λμ₯ κ΄λ¦¬ λ°©μ, λμ₯ μ΄μ λ°©μ, λμ₯μ μ¬μ© νμ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λμλ¬Όμ μ’
λ₯ μ€ μ μ΄λ νλμ μ 보λ₯Ό μ
λ ₯λ°λ λ¨κ³μ, μκΈ° μ
λ ₯λ μ 보λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μκΈ° λμ₯μ ν맀 κ°κ²©μ κ²°μ νλ λ¨κ³, λ° μκΈ° λμ₯μ ν맀 κ³μ½μ μν λκΈμ΄ μ
κΈλ κ°μκ³μ’ μ 보λ₯Ό μκΈ° μ¬μ©μ λ¨λ§κΈ°λ‘ μ μ‘νλ λ¨κ³λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ μ€λ§νΈ μ£Όλ§λμ₯ κ±°λ λ°©λ²μ μ 곡νλ€.λ³Έ λ°λͺ
μ λ°λ₯Έ μ€λ§νΈ μ£Όλ§λμ₯ κ±°λ μμ€ν
λ° λ°©λ²μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄, μ¨λΌμΈ μμμ λμ₯μ ꡬ맀 κ³μ½μ ν΅ν΄ λμ₯μ μ΄μ©μ΄ κ°λ₯νκ³ λμ₯μ κ΄λ¦¬ λ°©μ λλ μ΄μ λ°©μμ κ³ λ €νμ¬ λμ₯μ ꡬ맀 κ°κ²©μ κ²°μ ν μ μμ΄μ μ£Όλ§ λμ₯μ μ΄μ ν¨μ¨μ λμΌ μ μλ μ΄μ μ΄ μλ€. λν, μ¨λΌμΈ μμΌλ‘ μ€λ§νΈ λμ₯μ ꡬ맀ν μ μλλ‘ νμ¬, λμ₯ μ΄μμ μ¦κ±°μμ μ£Όλ©΄μ λμ₯μ κ΄λ¦¬ λ° λͺ¨λν°λ§μ΄ κ°λ₯νκ² ν¨μ λ°λΌ λ³΄λ€ μμ ν λμλ¬Όμ μμ° λ° κ΅¬λ§€ν μ μλλ‘ μ λν μ μλ€.μ¨λΌμΈ μμ ꡬνλ μ€λ§νΈ μ£Όλ§λμ₯ κ±°λ μμ€ν
μμμ μ€λ§νΈ μ£Όλ§λμ₯ κ±°λ λ°©λ²μ μμ΄μ,λ€νΈμν¬ μ μλ μ¬μ©μ λ¨λ§κΈ°λ‘λΆν° λμ₯ κ΄λ¦¬ λ°©μ, λμ₯ μ΄μ λ°©μ, λμ₯μ μ¬μ© νμ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λμλ¬Όμ μ’
λ₯ μ€ μ μ΄λ νλμ μ 보λ₯Ό μ
λ ₯λ°λ λ¨κ³;μκΈ° μ
λ ₯λ μ 보λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μκΈ° λμ₯μ ν맀 κ°κ²©μ κ²°μ νλ λ¨κ³; λ°μκΈ° λμ₯μ ν맀 κ³μ½μ μν λκΈμ΄ μ
κΈλ κ°μκ³μ’ μ 보λ₯Ό μκΈ° μ¬μ©μ λ¨λ§κΈ°λ‘ μ μ‘νλ λ¨κ³λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ©°,μκΈ° λμ₯ μ΄μ λ°©μμ,μ¬μ©μμ μν μ§μ κ²½μ λ°©μ, μκΈ° μ¬μ©μμ λμ₯μ£Όμ μν νλ ₯ κ²½μ λ°©μ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μκΈ° λμ₯μ£Όμ μν μ λ©΄ μν κ²½μ λ°©μμ ν¬ν¨νκ³ ,μκΈ° λμ₯μ ν맀 κ°κ²©μ κ²°μ νλ λ¨κ³λ,μκΈ° μ§μ κ²½μ λ°©μ, μκΈ° νλ ₯ κ²½μ λ°©μ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μκΈ° μν κ²½μ λ°©μμΌλ‘ κ°μλ‘ μκΈ° ν맀 κ°κ²©μ μν₯ μ‘°μ νλ μ€λ§νΈ μ£Όλ§λμ₯ κ±°λ λ°©λ²