23 research outputs found

    ν•΄λ§ˆ μ‹ κ²½μ„Έν¬μ˜ ν₯λΆ„μ„± ν›„μ‹œλƒ…μŠ€ λ°˜μ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ Kv4.1κ³Ό Kv4.2 μ±„λ„μ˜ 차별적인 μ—­ν• 

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜κ³Όν•™κ³Ό, 2017. 2. ν˜Έμ›κ²½.A-type K+ channel is important in the integration of subthreshold synaptic potentials and it is suggested that signaling mechanisms by regulation of A-type K+ channel could profoundly influence neuronal excitability. Among the Kv4 family, the intrinsic property of Kv4.1 and Kv4.2 channels are widely studied. Until today, however, the contribution of A-type K+ channel in synaptic plasticity remains unknown. The effectiveness of inhibition of K+ channel in synaptic modification is compared in DG and CA1. 50 Hz train stimulus applied either perforant path-DG granule cell or Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal cell pathways. I observed synaptic response by using an antibody to Kv4.1/Kv4.2 and found that Kv4.2 channel has the correlation with synaptic plasticity. My data demonstrates that inhibition of Kv4.2 induce enhancement with synaptic plasticity, whereas an anti-Kv4.1 antibody does not affect. This form of plasticity is different from the general long-term plasticity which was studied before. The mechanisms underlying the effect on synaptic plasticity were investigated. It was observed that NMDA receptor blocker, APV, partially blocked potentiation in DG. However, a complete blockade of the potentiation occurred when nimodipine (L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel antagonist) was applied. In addition, PKC plays a crucial role in intracellular signaling cascades and its mechanisms thought to be involved in synaptic plasticity. My results support the evidence of distinct density and distribution about Kv4.1 / Kv4.2 in DG and CA1 of the hippocampus. Furthermore, in this study, I clearly show that that synaptic plasticity that associated with Kv4.2 which is distinct from general synaptic plasticity and its mechanism.Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 4 Results 7 Discussion 37 References 41 Abstract in Korean 45Maste

    A Study on the Determinant Factor of the Freight Rate in the Dry Bulk Shipping Market -Focus on the Cape-Size Dry Bulk Shipping Market

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    This paper is focused on the determinant factors of the freight rate in tramp shipping market. Tramp shipping market is generally limited to dry bulk shipping market. In the dry bulk shipping market, it is difficult to make to estimate an accurate freight rate because of too many variables and international factors all over the world. Especially, the dry bulk shipping freight rate is determinated by global demand and supply by free competitive market which causes more various and unpredictable conditions. Even though there is the existing theory about shipping cycle in the dry bulk shipping market, it is not always applied to real freight rate. Moreover, freight rate volatility in dry bulk shipping market has shown different aspect as different shipping market structure. It is followed by dry bulk vessel, cargo route and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure the freight rate volatility more carefully by vessel size to prevent dry bulk shipping market risk. Due to development of Chinese steel industry in 2000's, seaborne trade volume of iron ore and coal has been rapidly increased. This caused high demand of large vessel such as cape size dry bulk ship. In this point, this paper researches actual Baltic Capesize Index(BCI) and analyzes various factors which can influence on BCI. According to the paper, researched several factors influencing on the dry bulk freight rate in demand, supply and other external factors through literature review and 7 hypotheses were made. By analysing correlation and regression analysis between independent variables and dependent variable, it can be figured out how BCI and independent variables have been influencing each other. As a result of correlation and regression analysis between Baltic Capesize Index(BCI) and demand, supply and other external factors of capesize dry bulk ship, 3 followings are turned out. Firstly, demand factors which include seaborne trade volume of iron ore and coal are highly related with BCI. Secondly, supply factors such as delivery of newbuilding ships and demolition are lowly related with BCI. Lastly, other external factors such as secondhand ship price, international bunker price and charter price are highly related with BCI.제1μž₯ μ„œ λ‘  1 제1절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 및 λͺ©μ  제2절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 방법 및 λ²”μœ„ 제2μž₯ λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  ν•΄μš΄μ‹œμž₯의 κ°œμš” 제1절 λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„ μ˜ μ •μ˜ 1. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„ μ˜ κ°œλ… 2. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„ μ˜ νŠΉμ§• 제2절 λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μ‹œμž₯의 ꡬ성 1. μš΄μž„ μ‹œμž₯ 2. μ‹ μ‘°μ„  μ‹œμž₯ 3. 쀑고선 μ‹œμž₯ 4. 해체선 μ‹œμž₯ 제3절 λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μ‹œμž₯의 곡급과 μˆ˜μš” ν˜„ν™© 1. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μ‹œμž₯의 곡급 ν˜„ν™© 2. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μ‹œμž₯의 μˆ˜μš” ν˜„ν™© 제3μž₯ λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μš΄μž„κ²°μ • μš”μΈμ˜ 이둠적 κ³ μ°° 제1절 λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„ μ˜ μš΄μž„ 1. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μˆ˜μš”μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄ 2. λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  κ³΅κΈ‰μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄ 제2절 λΆ€μ •κΈ°μ„  μš΄μž„κ²°μ •μš”μΈμ— κ΄€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 제4μž₯ μΌ€μ΄ν”„μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ 건화물선 μš΄μž„κ²°μ • μš”μΈ 싀증뢄석 제1절 μΌ€μ΄ν”„μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ κ±΄ν™”λ¬Όμ„ μ˜ μ‹œμž₯ꡬ쑰 1. μΌ€μ΄ν”„μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ κ±΄ν™”λ¬Όμ„ μ˜ μˆ˜μš”κ΅¬μ‘° 2. μΌ€μ΄ν”„μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ κ±΄ν™”λ¬Όμ„ μ˜ 곡급ꡬ쑰 제2절 μ—°κ΅¬κ°€μ„€μ˜ μ„€μ •κ³Ό 싀증뢄석 1. μ—°κ΅¬κ°€μ„€μ˜ μ„€μ • 2. 뢄석방법 제3절 μ‹€μ¦λΆ„μ„μ˜ κ²°κ³Ό 및 평가 1. 상관뢄석 2. λ‹¨μˆœνšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„ 제5μž₯ κ²° λ‘  제1절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μš”μ•½ 제2절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의의 및 ν•œκ³„ 1. κ΅­λ‚΄λ¬Έν—Œ 2. μ™Έκ΅­λ¬Έ

    A case study of three mothers of children with autism undergoing early intensive behavior intervention

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μƒν™œκ³Όν•™λŒ€ν•™ 아동가쑱학과, 2018. 2. λ°•ν˜œμ€€.Although the stigma and discrimination against individuals with disabilities are still ongoing concerns in South Korea, the demand for special education services has continued to increase. Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention, known as EIBI, is often referred to as the most scientific and effective approach to significantly establish and develop socially significant skills of children with ASD. To gain optimal results from the EIBI services, the role of parents is especially important in expanding childrens behaviors and skills that are learned in structured one-on-one therapy sessions. Without parent involvement in intervention, children with ASD may not be able to generalize these learned behaviors into larger or different settings. Although numerous studies examined the effect of the intervention on the individuals, only a few focused on how culture shapes the understanding and management of autism and EIBI within Korea context. The overarching aim of this study is to look into the lives of families of children with ASD and how they experience the child's disability. As this study explores the lives of families undergoing EIBI, I examined their lives within EIBI context. The research questions for the study are as follows. 1. How do parents perceive the child's disability and the intervention process? 2. How do their perceptions on the disability and the intervention process impacted intervention outcomes? To conduct this study, three 3 years-old children with moderate to severe ASD, their mothers and EIBI therapists were recruited and selected by using purposeful sampling. Each family was visited three times when all family members were present, with the time of stay averaging 2.5 hours. Then main caregivers, who were all mothers, and therapists were all interviewed. A thematic analysis followed through the collected interview data, observational data, assessment evaluation, centers evaluation of the childs performance and the mothers personal notes on the child. The result demonstrated that mothers acceptance of childs disability depended on the severity of childs symptoms. Mothers perceived that EIBI is a treatment approach to improve specific social and cognitive skills rather than a treatment to improve the overall development of the child. Moreover, since it was difficult for all the family members to participate in the intervention process, mothers implemented the behavior techniques alone in the house. As as result, all children with ASD in this study demonstrated generalization issues. The findings can be used as a reference to professionals in South Korea who can support parents with their parenting knowledge, attitude and practice and EIBI professionals who can collaborate with families to implement early behavioral intervention.I. Introduction 1 1. Background of the Study 1 2. Research Questions 3 II. Literature Review 4 1. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Definition and Diagnosis 4 2. Perceptions of Disability in Korean Culture 7 3. Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder 10 III. Methods 15 1. Overview 15 2. Researchers Perspectives 15 3. Participants 16 4. Procedures 19 5. Data Analysis 20 IV. Results 24 1. Hani & Hanas Family: mothers demand for social development 24 1) Characteristics of Hani and Hanas family 24 2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 31 3) Challenges of the child and the mother 34 2. Shins Family: mothers demand for school readiness 36 1) Characteristics of Shins family 36 2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 41 3) Challenges of the child and the mother 46 3. Jays Family: mothers demand for cognitive development 48 1) Characteristics of Jays family 48 2) Mothers experiences with ASD and EIBI 53 3) Challenges of the child and the mother 56 V. Discussion 59 Reference 64 Appendix 70 Abstract in Korean 73Maste

    Antiviral Activity of Constituents Identified in Propolis against Human Rhinovirus and their Possible Mode of Action

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : 농생λͺ…곡학뢀(λ°”μ΄μ˜€λͺ¨λ“ˆλ ˆμ΄μ…˜μ „곡), 2013. 2. μ•ˆμš©μ€€.Human rhinovirus (HRV)λŠ” 감기와 같은 μƒλΆ€ν˜Έν‘κΈ° μ§ˆλ³‘μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μš”μΈμ„ μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ” λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ‘œ 감기 원인 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 쀑 30-50%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜λΆ€ν˜Έν‘κΈ°μ— 감염될 경우 폐렴, κΈ‰μ„± μ²œμ‹, λ§Œμ„± 폐쇄성 νμ§ˆν™˜, 천λͺ… 등을 μΌμœΌν‚€κΈ°λ„ ν•΄ κ·Έ 심각성은 μƒλ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ”μš±μ΄ HRV의 100μ—¬ 가지 ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜•(serotypes)은 λ°±μ‹  및 치료제 λ“±μ˜ κ°œλ°œμ„ μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ ν•΄ 효과적인 감기약은 ν˜„μž¬λ‘œμ„  μ „λ¬΄ν•œ 싀정이닀. μ‹œνŒλ˜λŠ” κ°κΈ°μ•½μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ 증상을 μ™„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μˆ˜μ€€μ— 그쳐 이에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ•½λ¬Όμ˜ μ˜€λ‚¨μš© 및 ν•­μƒμ œ μ €ν•­μ„± λ“±μ˜ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λŒ€λ‘λ˜κ³  있으며 κ°κΈ°ν™˜μžμ˜ 결석, κ²°κ·Ό, μΉ˜λ£ŒλΉ„μš© λ“± HRV 유발 μ§ˆλ³‘μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  λΉ„μš© λ˜ν•œ μƒλ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€. 이에 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ³  λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜•μ— 효과λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 감기 치료제λ₯Ό 찾고자 ν•˜λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 λ”μš± 컀지고 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” ν•­ HRV ν™œμ„±μ„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ μ²œμ—°λ¬Ό 쀑 μ–‘λ΄‰μ‚°λ¬Όμ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€ 및 κ·Έ κ΅¬μ„±λ¬Όμ§ˆμ˜ ν•­λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ„±μ„ νƒμƒ‰ν•˜κ³  μž‘μš© κΈ°μž‘μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜μ— 이용된 Sulforhodamine B κ²€μ •λ²•μ˜ κΈ°μ£Ό μ„Έν¬λ‘œμ¨ HeLa cell을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ˜€κ³  HRV-2, -3, -4, μ„Έ 가지 ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜•μ„ μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 넓은 λ²”μœ„μ˜ ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜•μ— 효과λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€ 쑰성물을 찾고자 ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λΈŒλΌμ§ˆμ‚° ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€λ₯Ό μ„ μ •ν•˜μ—¬ μš©λ§€λ³„ 순차 λΆ„νšμ„ 톡해 ν΄λ‘œλ‘œν¬λ¦„μΈ΅, μ—ν‹Έμ•„μ„Έν…Œμ΄νŠΈ μΈ΅μ—μ„œ HRV에 λŒ€ν•œ 높은 ν•­λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ„±μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€κ³  이후 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν¬λ‘œλ§ˆν† κ·Έλž˜ν”½ 방법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν΄λ‘œλ‘œν¬λ¦„ μΈ΅μ—μ„œ λΆ„λ¦¬ν•œ kaempferol (CC50, 65.0IC50, 3.7TI, 17.57) 은 μ‹œνŒλ˜λŠ” ν•­λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ œμΈ ribavirin (CC50, > 100IC50, 74.7TI, > 1.3)에 λΉ„ν•΄ 높은 세포독성을 λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ‚˜ HRV ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜• 3에 λŒ€ν•΄ 훨씬 λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ ν™œμ„±μ„ λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ μ—ν‹Έμ•„μ„Έν…Œμ΄νŠΈ μΈ΅μ—μ„œ 뢄리, λ™μ •ν•œ (E)-ρ-coumaric acid (CC50, > 100IC50, 74.6TI, > 1.3)λŠ” ribavirinκ³Ό λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ ν™œμ„±μ„ HRV ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜• 3에 λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. ν˜ˆμ²­ν˜• 2, 4에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ κ²€μ •ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 두 물질의 ν™œμ„±μ—λŠ” 큰 차이가 μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. (E)-ρ-coumaric acid와 kaempferol의 μž‘μš© κΈ°μž‘μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 두 물질 λͺ¨λ‘ HRV μž…μžμ˜ μ „μ—Όμ„±μ—λŠ” 영ν–₯을 λΌμΉ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©° (E)-ρ-coumaric acid의 경우 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ μ ‘μ’…κ³Ό λ™μ‹œμ— μ²˜λ¦¬ν•œ κ²½μš°μ—λ§Œ ν•­λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ„±μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κ³  μ ‘μ’… μ „μ΄λ‚˜ μ ‘μ’… ν›„μ—λŠ” ν™œμ„±μ΄ 50%μ΄ν•˜λ‘œ λ–¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 것을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Kaempferol은 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ μ ‘μ’… ν›„ 6μ‹œκ°„κΉŒμ§€ 50% μ΄μƒμ˜ 효과λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ Real-time RT-PCR을 톡해 두 λΆ„λ¦¬λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄ λͺ¨λ‘ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 볡제λ₯Ό μ–΅μ œν•˜λ©° λΌμ΄λ…Έλ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 수용체 (ICAM-1)와 염증성 μ‹œν† μΉ΄μΈ(IL-6) mRNA λ°œν˜„μ„ μ–΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 것을 κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 기쑴에 μ•Œλ €μ§„ ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€ ꡬ성 물질 12κ°œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ HRV-3 검정을 μ‹€ν–‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, chrysin, quercetin, acacetin, luteolin이 4.1-5.8 ΞΌg mLβˆ’1 λ²”μœ„μ˜ ν™œμ„±μ„ λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. Caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, fisetin, galangin, ferulic acid 등도 (9.4-48.3 ΞΌg mLβˆ’1) ribavirin에 λΉ„ν•΄ 높은 효과λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. Quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid μ€‘μ—μ„œ protocatechuic acid만이 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ μž…μžμ™€ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 감염성을 μ €ν•˜μ‹œν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ˜ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΈŒλΌμ§ˆμ‚° ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€μ— ν•¨μœ λœ ν™œμ„±λ³Έμ²΄λ₯Ό λ°ν˜€λƒˆλ‹€λŠ”λ° κ·Έ μ˜μ˜κ°€ 있고, ꡬ성 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ 생물검정과 μž‘μš© κΈ°μž‘ 규λͺ…을 톡해 ν•­λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ œλ‘œμ¨ κ°€λŠ₯성을 νƒμƒ‰ν•˜κ³  ν”„λ‘œν΄λ¦¬μŠ€μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μƒλ¦¬ν™œμ„±μ„ λ°ν˜€λ‚΄μ–΄ 농업적, μ‚°μ—…μ μœΌλ‘œ κ·Έ ν™œμš© κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ†’λ‹€κ³  νŒλ‹¨λ˜λ©° 좔가적 연ꡬ가 μš”κ΅¬λœλ‹€.HRV is the most frequent causative agents of mild upper respiratory tract infections, including common colds, and accounts for about 30-50% of all cases. They are usually a self-limited illness confined to the upper respiratory tract. However, HRV can also infect the lower respiratory tract symptoms, such as pneumonia and wheezing in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. There have been difficulties to provide efficient treatments or vaccination because of over 100 serotypes. Current common cold medicine on sale is only efficient to reduce the symptoms. Accordingly, drug misuse and abuse has been raised and antihistamines and antibiotics usages have caused many side effects. Its socio-economic importance in terms of employee absenteeism, physician visits, and medication costs are also considerable. Therefore, safe and bioactive on diverse serotype treatments development are demanded significantly for anti-HRV agents. This study aimed to investigate antiviral activity of propolis involved in bee products and its constituents and elucidate their possible mode of action. An assessment was made of the cytotoxic and antiviral activity of the propolis and another previously known propolis constituents toward HeLa cell (ATCC CCL–2) and three HRV serotypes (HRV-2 ATCC VR-1112AS/GP, HRV-3 ATCC VR-1113, and HRV-4 ATCC VR–1114AS/GP), respectively, using a Sulforhodamine B bioassay. The Brazilian ethanolic extract was sequentially partitioned into different organic solvents and chloroform soluble fraction and ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed remarkable antiviral activities. Respective fractions were separated and identified by various chromatographic techniques. Kaempferol (CC50, 65.0TI, 17.57) from chloroform soluble fraction showed significantly high antiviral activity compared with currently used antiviral agents with broad spectrum, ribavirin (CC50, > 100TI, > 1.3), even with high cytotoxicity. (E)-p-coumaric acid (CC50, > 100TI, > 1.3) from ethyl acetate soluble fraction and ribavirin did not differ significantly in the antiviral activity from each other. As the result of investigation on possible mode of action, kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid did not alter the infectivity of virus particles (HRV-3). Time-course addition experiments of two constituents were also carried out. 10 ΞΌg/mL kaempferol affects the initial stage of HRV infections (0-6 h) and 100 ΞΌg/mL (E)-p-coumaric acid showed its antiviral activity when added just after the virus inoculation and very early stage after the virus inoculation (0-1 h). Inhibition of RNA replication levels of HRV-3 was investigated by real-time RT PCR. At the presence of kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid, the RNA replication levels of HRV were reduced. Also expression of RNA levels of rhinovirus receptors (ICAM-1) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) were inhibited by two constituents. As the result of antiviral activity of previously known propolis constituents, High antiviral activity was also observed with chrysin, quercetin, acacetin, luteoloin (4.1-5.8 ΞΌg mLβˆ’1). Caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, fisetin, galangin, and ferulic acid showed moderate antiviral activity compared with ribaivrin (9.4-48.3 ΞΌg mLβˆ’1). Among the quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid, only protocatechuic acid decreased the virus infectivity through interaction with virus particles. In conclusion, global efforts to reduce the level of antibiotics justify further studies on propolis-derived materials containing the compounds described as potential antiviral products or lead molecules for the prevention or eradcation from humans from diseases by HRV.ABSTRACTβ…° LIST OF TABLESβ…΅ LIST OF FIGURES β…Ά INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 1. Rhinovirus 4 2. Anti-HRV agents derived from natural products 7 3. Rhinovirus chemotherpapy 9 4. Propolis 18 MATERIALS AND METHODS 22 1. Apparatus 22 2. Chemicals 22 3. Sample preparation 23 4. Extraction and isolation of active principles from Brazilian propolis 23 5. Cell lines, HRV serotypes and materials 29 6. Cytotoxic assay 30 7. HRV production 31 8. Virus titration 31 9. Antiviral assays 32 10. Effects of the active constituents on the infectivity of HRV particles 33 11. Time course of compound addition 33 12. Real time RT-PCR analysis 34 RESULTS 36 1. Antiviral activity of propolis against HRV 36 2. Isolation and identification of active principles from Brazilian propolis 37 3. Cytotoxic and antiviral activity of test compounds 48 4. Effect of test compounds on the infectivity of HRV-3 particles 54 5. Time course of test compound addition 55 6. Effects of kaempferol and (E)- p-coumaric acid on the level of HRV replication 56 7. Effects of kaempferol and (E)-p-coumaric acid on ICAM-1 expression 57 8. Effects of kaempferol and (E)- p-coumaric acid on IL-6 expression 58 DISCUSSION 60 LITERATURE CITED 66 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 95Maste

    The effects of the wedged insole on lower extremity joint during walking

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    κΈ€μ“°κΈ°λž€ μ΄λ¦„μ˜ μ†Œν†΅μ˜ λ§ˆλ²•

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    μ΅œκ·Όμ— κ°œλ΄‰ν•œ 해리포터 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆ λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적 μžˆλŠ”κ°€. 해리포터와 그의 μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ΄ ν™œλ™ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆλ²• 세계 μ†μ—μ„œλŠ” λ§ˆλ²•μ˜ 주문이 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ†Œν†΅μ˜ λ„κ΅¬λ‘œμ„œ λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 타인을 κ³΅κ²©ν•˜κ³  μžμ‹ μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 방어막이 λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ λ§ˆλ²•μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œν˜„μ‹€μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 주어진 λ§ˆλ²•μ˜ λ„κ΅¬λŠ”μ’‹μ„ 글이 μ•„λ‹κΉŒ μ‹Άλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€ 생각을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κ³ , μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠλƒμ— λ”°λΌμ„œ 글은 νƒ€μΈμ˜ λ§ˆμŒμ†μ— λ‚ μΉ΄λ‘œμš΄ μƒμ²˜λ₯Ό 내기도 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” ν•œ λͺ…, ν•œ λͺ…μ˜ λ§ˆμŒμ„ μ›€μ§μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ μΉ˜μœ ν•˜λŠ” μœ„λŒ€ν•œ 일을 ν•΄λ‚Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. μ˜ˆμ»¨λŒ€ 연사λ₯Ό μ΄ˆμ²­ν•˜λŠ” κΈ€, μΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μœ„λ‘œμ˜ νŽΈμ§€ 등이 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ μ˜ˆμ΄λ‹€. 글이 μ§€λ‹Œ λ§ˆλ²•μ˜ νž˜μ„ 잘 λ°œνœ˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μš°μ„ κΈ€μ˜ μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” 무엇이고, 쒋은 글은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ 고찰이 μ„ ν–‰λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  것이닀. μ•žμ„œ λ§ν–ˆλ“―, ν•„μžμ—κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ κΈ€μ€μ†Œν†΅μ˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” λ‹Ήμ—°ν•œ λ§μž„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κΈ€μ˜ 본뢄을 λ§κ°ν•œ 글듀을 자주 λͺ©κ²©ν•˜κ³ , 슀슀둜 μ“°κ³€ ν•œλ‹€. μžμ‹ μ˜ 지식을 κ³Όμ‹œν•˜λ €λŠ” ν˜„ν•™μ μΈ κΈ€μ΄λ‚˜ 아무도 읽어주지 μ•ŠλŠ” 글은 기본적으둜 μžμ‹ μ˜ 본뢄을 μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦° 글이닀. μ• μ΄ˆμ—ν›ˆλ―Όμ •μŒμ΄λž€ 문자λ₯Ό μ°½μ œν•œ μ„Έμ’…λŒ€μ™•μ˜ λœ»μ€, κΈ€κ³Ό λ¬ΈμžλŠ” 곧백성듀이 μžμ‹ μ˜ λœ»μ„ μ‰½κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κ³  μ†Œν†΅ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•¨μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 쒋은 κΈ€μ΄λž€ 전달, μ†Œν†΅μ˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ μžμ‹ μ˜ 본뢄을 κΈ€μ“΄μ΄μ˜ μ˜λ„λŒ€λ‘œ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ„±κ³΅ν•œ 글일 것이닀

    μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όμ— κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ ν–‰μ •λŒ€ν•™μ› : ν–‰μ •ν•™κ³Ό 정책학전곡, 2016. 8. ν™μ€€ν˜•.μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 정책이 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ‹€μ¦ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œλΌλŠ” μ •μ±…μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄ 폐기물 λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ κ°λŸ‰μ„ μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ 기제둜 μž‘μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 데 μžˆλ‹€. κ²½μ œν•™μžλ“€μ€ ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Ό 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμž₯논리에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ(market-based) λ˜λŠ” 경제적 μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ(economic incentive)에 κ·Όκ±°ν•œ 접근방법을 μ œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Cecil PigouλŠ” 외뢀성을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 행동을 μ €ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ„ΈκΈˆ(corrective tax)을 μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ˜€κ³  μ΄λŠ” 피ꡬ세(Pigouvian tax)라고 ν•œλ‹€. ν”Όκ΅¬μ„ΈλŠ” μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„ μ μ ˆν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ˜€μ—Όλ°œμƒμžμ—κ²Œ 일정 μ˜€μ—ΌλΆ€κ³ΌκΈˆμ„ 내도둝 ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ°œλ³„ λ‹¨μœ„κ°€ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ‘œ μΈν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ λΉ„μš©μ„ 인식할 수 있게 ν•˜κ³  이λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ μ μ ˆν•œ μ˜€μ—Όλ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„ 자발적으둜 μ„ νƒν•˜λ„λ‘ μœ λ„ν•˜λŠ” μœ μΈκΈ°μ œμ΄λ‹€. μ μ ˆν•œ μœ μΈμ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜μ—¬ 사적인 μ΄μœ€μ„ κ·ΉλŒ€ν™”ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” ν–‰μœ„κ°€ μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œλ„ λ°”λžŒμ§ν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λ„λ‘ ν•œλ‹€. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œλŠ” 피ꡬ세λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•œ λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ μ •μ±…μœΌλ‘œ μ“°λ ˆκΈ° 배좜둜 μΈν•˜μ—¬ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όμ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν•œκ³„λΉ„μš©μ„ κ°œμΈμ—κ²Œ 인식할 수 있게 ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 2013λ…„λΆ€ν„° μ „λ©΄λ„μž…λœ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ 효과λ₯Ό μ •λŸ‰μ  자료λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹€μ¦λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³  λ™μ‹œμ— μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 수수료의 νš¨κ³Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹œν–‰μ˜ μ „ν›„ 차이λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ λ„μž…μ΄ ν•œκ΅­μ˜ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— μ–΄λ– ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”μ§€, μˆ˜μˆ˜λ£ŒμΈμƒμ΄ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ κ°μ†Œμ— μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ 영ν–₯ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 특히, κ°€μ •μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 쀑 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯κ³Ό 사업μž₯μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 쀑 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯에 차이가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 보고자 ν–ˆλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 2009λ…„λΆ€ν„° 2014λ…„κΉŒμ§€ ν•œκ΅­μ˜ 222개의 κΈ°μ΄ˆμžμΉ˜λ‹¨μ²΄μ˜ 연도별 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ μžλ£Œμ™€ μ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ λ‹¨μœ„μš”κΈˆ 자료λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ³ μ •νš¨κ³Όλͺ¨ν˜•λΆ„석(fixed effects model)κ³Ό μž„μ˜νš¨κ³Όλͺ¨ν˜•λΆ„석(random effects model)을 μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹€μ‹œ 이전뢀터 μ΄ν›„κΉŒμ§€μ˜ κΈ°κ°„(2009-2014λ…„)을 μ—°κ΅¬λ²”μœ„λ‘œ μ„€μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 즉, 6λ…„κ°„ 222개 κΈ°μ΄ˆμžμΉ˜λ‹¨μ²΄ 자료λ₯Ό νŒ¨λ„λ°μ΄ν„°λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ 인ꡬ, 면적, μ‚¬μ—…μ²΄μˆ˜, μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ†Œλ“μˆ˜μ€€, μ§€λ°©μžμΉ˜λ‹¨μ²΄ μœ ν˜•, μ²­μ†Œμ˜ˆμ‚° μž¬μ •μžλ¦½λ„, κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μ˜ κ³Όνƒœλ£ŒλΆ€κ³ΌκΈˆμ•‘μ„ ν†΅μ œν•œ ν›„ μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 효과λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ™μ‹œμ— μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 수수료 인상이 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 효과λ₯Ό μ‹€μ¦λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹€μ‹œ μ΄ν›„μ˜ κΈ°κ°„(2013-2014λ…„)을 μ—°κ΅¬λ²”μœ„λ‘œ μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€κ³  μœ„μ— μ–ΈκΈ‰λœ ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜λ‘œ ν†΅μ œν•œ λ’€ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 두 λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 첫째, μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œλŠ” 총 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰κ³Ό κ°€μ •μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 쀑 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„ κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€λŠ” 긍정적인 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œλ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ, μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ„ λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€ 전체 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ˜ 경우 8.59% κ°μ†Œ, κ°€μ •μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 쀑 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ°μ˜ 경우 13.36% κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ’…λŸ‰μ œκ°€ μ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœν•˜λŠ” 개인의 행동변화에 μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŒμ„, 특히 κ°€μ •μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 배좜자의 행동변화에 μœ μΈκΈ°μž¬κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, μ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œλŠ” 사업μž₯μ—μ„œ λ°°μΆœλ˜λŠ” μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬λŠ” μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ’…λŸ‰μ œλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ(incentive)κ°€ 사업μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” 잘 μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŒμ„ 보여쀀닀. 사업μž₯μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ 폐기물은 수수료 λΆ€κ³Όλ˜λŠ” 주체가 사업μž₯이 λ˜λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°°μΆœν•˜λŠ” κ°œμΈμ€ μ“°λ ˆκΈ° 배좜둜 μΈν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν•œκ³„λΉ„μš©μ„(SMC)λ₯Ό μΈμ‹ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜μ—¬ 곡유재의 λΉ„κ·Ή(tragedy of the commons)이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μˆ˜μˆ˜λ£ŒλŠ” μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ 영ν–₯을 미치고 μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 선행연ꡬ 쀑 μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 수수료 인상이 폐기물 λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ κ°μ†Œλ‘œ 이어지지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 뢄석결과가 λ‹€μˆ˜ μžˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 수수료 증감을 μ΄μš©ν•œ μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ μœ μΈκΈ°μ œκ°€ κ°œμΈμ—κ² 큰 영ν–₯λ ₯이 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 뜻일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 아직 정책이 μ „λ©΄μ‹œν–‰λœ 기간이 길지 μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 것일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 수수료의 ν˜„μ‹€ν™”κ°€ 이뀄진닀면 μœ μΈκΈ°μ œλ‘œμ„œμ˜ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  여지가 μžˆλ‹€. ν™˜κ²½λΆ€λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ 30%정도 λ˜λŠ” μ£Όλ―ΌλΆ€λ‹΄λ₯ μ„ 수수료 인상을 ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ λ†’μ—¬ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ˜ κ°λŸ‰μ„ λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ³Έ 연ꡬ 결과에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ 수수료 인상이 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ—λŠ” μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 없을 수 μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ 수수료 인상에 λ”°λ₯Έ λ¬΄λ‹¨νˆ¬κΈ°, μƒν™œμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ΄‰νˆ¬ ν˜Όν•© 배좜 λ“± λΆ€μž‘μš©μ„ μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  것이닀. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ˜μ˜λŠ” 2013λ…„ 전ꡭ에 μ „λ©΄ λ„μž…λœ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 싀증 λΆ„μ„ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ™€μ˜ 비ꡐλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의의λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μžλ©΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. μš°μ„  μ’…λŸ‰μ œλŠ” μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰λ³΄λ‹€ μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„ κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€λŠ” νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 더 크닀. 선행연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ „κ΅­μ˜ μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ€ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹€μ‹œ 이전과 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ •μ±… μ‹€μ‹œ 이후 31.61% κ°μ†Œν•˜μ˜€κ³  λ³Έ 연ꡬ에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ μ „κ΅­μ˜ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰λŠ” μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹€μ‹œ 이전과 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ •μ±… μ‹€μ‹œ 이후 8.59% κ°μ†Œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Όμ€ μž¬ν™œμš© λΆ„λ¦¬λ°°μΆœμ„ ν†΅ν•œ 감좕여지가 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ°κ°€ μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 보닀 κ°μΆ•ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ˜ˆμƒμ„ μ‹€μ¦μ μœΌλ‘œ 밝힌 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ λ³Ό λ•Œ, μŒμ‹λ¬ΌνκΈ°λ¬Ό κ°λŸ‰ 정책은 μƒν™œνκΈ°λ¬Ό 정책보닀 더 κΉŒλ‹€λ‘­κ³  μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° 선행연ꡬ가 μž¬ν™œμš©μ— μ΄ˆμ μ— 맞좰져 μžˆλŠ” 반면 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ°λŸ‰μ„ λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ 싀증뢄석을 ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ μ˜μ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. 특히 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ „λ©΄λ„μž… 이후, μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ μ •μ±…νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•œ 논문이 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ˜μ˜κ°€ 크닀.제 1 μž₯ μ„œλ‘  1 제 1 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ κ³Ό ν•„μš”μ„± 1 제 2 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ²”μœ„μ™€ 방법 4 제 2 μž₯ 이둠적 λ…Όμ˜μ™€ 선행연ꡬ 5 제 1 절 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 5 1. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ κ°œλ… 5 2. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ μ—°ν˜ 7 3. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ 원칙 10 4. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ 법적 κ·Όκ±° 11 5. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ λŒ€μƒ 12 6. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ˜ λ‚΄μš© 15 제 2 절 이둠적 λ…Όμ˜ 20 제 3 절 선행연ꡬ 23 1. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° 23 2. μ“°λ ˆκΈ°μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 27 3. μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ™€μ˜ 차별점 35 제 3 μž₯ 연ꡬ 섀계 36 제 1 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 뢄석틀 36 제 2 절 연ꡬ가섀 38 제 3 절 λΆ„μ„λŒ€μƒκ³Ό 뢄석방법 40 1. λΆ„μ„λŒ€μƒ 40 2. 뢄석방법 41 제 4 절 λ³€μˆ˜ 43 1. μ’…μ†λ³€μˆ˜-μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ 43 2. λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜(1)-μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μ‹œν–‰μ—¬λΆ€ Β· 43 3. λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜(2)-μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ 수수료 Β· 44 4. ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜ 44 제 4 μž₯ 연ꡬ 뢄석결과 48 제 1 절 μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ 좔이 48 제 2 절 κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 53 1. μ’…μ†λ³€μˆ˜ 53 2. λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 56 3. νŒ¨λ„λ°μ΄ν„° κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 58 제 3 절 싀증뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό 60 1. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œμ™€ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ κ°„μ˜ 관계 60 2. μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° μ’…λŸ‰μ œ μˆ˜μˆ˜λ£Œμ™€ μŒμ‹λ¬Όμ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ κ°„μ˜ 관계 67 제 5 μž₯ κ²°λ‘  70 제 1 절 λΆ„μ„λ‚΄μš©μ˜ μš”μ•½ 70 제 2 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•œκ³„ 및 ν–₯ν›„ μ—°κ΅¬κ³Όμ œ 72 μ°Έκ³  λ¬Έν—Œ 74 Abstract 81Maste

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    Smart weekend farm trading system and method for thereof

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    λ³Έ 발λͺ…은, λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ μ ‘μ†λœ μ‚¬μš©μž λ‹¨λ§κΈ°λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 농μž₯ 관리 방식, 농μž₯ 운영 방식, 농μž₯의 μ‚¬μš© ν‰μˆ˜, 그리고 λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ˜ μ’…λ₯˜ 쀑 적어도 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 정보λ₯Ό μž…λ ₯λ°›λŠ” 단계와, 상기 μž…λ ₯된 정보λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 상기 농μž₯의 판맀 가격을 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 단계, 및 상기 농μž₯의 판맀 계약을 μœ„ν•œ λŒ€κΈˆμ΄ μž…κΈˆλ  κ°€μƒκ³„μ’Œ 정보λ₯Ό 상기 μ‚¬μš©μž λ‹¨λ§κΈ°λ‘œ μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 단계λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” 슀마트 주말농μž₯ 거래 방법을 μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€.λ³Έ 발λͺ…에 λ”°λ₯Έ 슀마트 주말농μž₯ 거래 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 및 방법에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄, 온라인 μƒμ—μ„œ 농μž₯의 ꡬ맀 계약을 톡해 농μž₯의 운용이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ³  농μž₯의 관리 방식 λ˜λŠ” 운영 방식을 κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ 농μž₯의 ꡬ맀 가격을 κ²°μ •ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 주말 농μž₯의 운영 νš¨μœ¨μ„ 높일 수 μžˆλŠ” 이점이 μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, 온라인 μƒμœΌλ‘œ 슀마트 농μž₯을 ꡬ맀할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜μ—¬, 농μž₯ 운영의 즐거움을 μ£Όλ©΄μ„œ 농μž₯의 관리 및 λͺ¨λ‹ˆν„°λ§μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ 함에 따라 보닀 μ•ˆμ „ν•œ λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ„ 생산 및 ꡬ맀할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μœ λ„ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.온라인 상에 κ΅¬ν˜„λœ 슀마트 주말농μž₯ 거래 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œμ˜ 슀마트 주말농μž₯ 거래 방법에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ,λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ μ ‘μ†λœ μ‚¬μš©μž λ‹¨λ§κΈ°λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 농μž₯ 관리 방식, 농μž₯ 운영 방식, 농μž₯의 μ‚¬μš© ν‰μˆ˜, 그리고 λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ˜ μ’…λ₯˜ 쀑 적어도 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 정보λ₯Ό μž…λ ₯λ°›λŠ” 단계;상기 μž…λ ₯된 정보λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 상기 농μž₯의 판맀 가격을 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 단계; 및상기 농μž₯의 판맀 계약을 μœ„ν•œ λŒ€κΈˆμ΄ μž…κΈˆλ  κ°€μƒκ³„μ’Œ 정보λ₯Ό 상기 μ‚¬μš©μž λ‹¨λ§κΈ°λ‘œ μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 단계λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λ©°,상기 농μž₯ 운영 방식은,μ‚¬μš©μžμ— μ˜ν•œ 직접 κ²½μž‘ 방식, 상기 μ‚¬μš©μžμ™€ 농μž₯주에 μ˜ν•œ ν˜‘λ ₯ κ²½μž‘ 방식, 그리고 상기 농μž₯주에 μ˜ν•œ μ „λ©΄ μœ„νƒ κ²½μž‘ 방식을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜κ³ ,상기 농μž₯의 판맀 가격을 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨κ³„λŠ”,상기 직접 κ²½μž‘ 방식, 상기 ν˜‘λ ₯ κ²½μž‘ 방식, 그리고 상기 μœ„νƒ κ²½μž‘ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 갈수둝 상기 판맀 가격을 상ν–₯ μ‘°μ ˆν•˜λŠ” 슀마트 주말농μž₯ 거래 방법
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