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    Revisiting the persistency and volatility of the firm's R&D investment based on its technological capabilities

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : ν˜‘λ™κ³Όμ • κΈ°μˆ κ²½μ˜Β·κ²½μ œΒ·μ •μ±…μ „κ³΅, 2014. 2. 이정동.κ·Έ λ™μ•ˆ μ •νƒœμ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 졜적 νˆ¬μžλŸ‰, κ²°μ •μš”μΈμ— 뢄석이 많이 이루어지고 μ‘Œμ§€λ§Œ, λ™νƒœμ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ— λŒ€ν•œ 뢄석은 μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ―Έλ―Έν•˜λ‹€. μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλŠ” κ·Έ λ™μ•ˆμ˜ ν™œλ™ κ²½ν—˜, 이전 기의 투자 정도 에 영ν–₯을 많이 λ°›κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ™νƒœμ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ™νƒœμ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ§„ν–‰λœ 선행연ꡬ에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄, μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλŠ” 지속성을 보인닀. 즉, 금기의 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλŠ” μ „κΈ°μ˜ 투자 정도λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•œλ‹€. 지속성을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ˜ 높은 μ‘°μ •λΉ„μš©κ³Ό 맀λͺ°λΉ„μš©μ μΈ 성격 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λΉ„μš©μ„ μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 기업은 λ³΄μœ ν˜„κΈˆμ„ νˆ¬μž…ν•˜μ—¬μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 변동을 쀄이고 μ§€μ†ν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 배경에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ‹€μ¦μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλŠ” 맀년 변동성을 보인닀고 λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλŠ” λ‚΄λΆ€ν˜„κΈˆνλ¦„ 변동에 따라 λ―Όκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ°˜μ‘ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. λ™νƒœμ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ— κ΄€ν•œ μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ˜ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ μ„œλ‘œ μΌμΉ˜λ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ„œλ‘œ μƒλ°˜λœ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 이유λ₯Ό μ‹€μ¦μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 변동 좩격이 주어진닀면, κΈ°μ—…κ°„ μ„œλ‘œ λ™μΌν•˜κ²Œ λ°˜μ‘ν•˜κ³  μ–‘, 음 좩격 변동에 λŒ€μΉ­μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°˜μ‘ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ „μ œν•˜μ—μ„œ 이루어진 μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό λ³΄μ™„ν•˜μ—¬ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κΈ°μ—… 고유의 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œν™œλ™μ„ κ²°μ • μ§“λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ„ 톡해 κΈ°μ—…κ°„ μ΄μ§ˆμ„±μ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ–‘μ˜ 변동과 음의 변동에 따라 κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ˜ μ—­ν•  차이가 λ‹€λ₯Ό κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ°€μ„€ ν•˜μ—μ„œ 싀증뢄석을 μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 싀증뢄석을 μ‹œν–‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, κΈ°μ—… λ§€μΆœμ•‘μ΄ μ „λ…„λŒ€λΉ„ μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” μ–‘μ˜ 좩격 ν•˜μ—λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ€ ν˜„κΈˆνλ¦„νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ¦ν­μ‹œμΌœ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλ₯Ό λ³€λ™ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이에 λ°˜ν•΄ λ§€μΆœμ•‘μ΄ μ „λ…„λŒ€λΉ„ κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” 음의 좩격 ν•˜μ—λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ€ ν˜„κΈˆνλ¦„νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μƒμ‡„μ‹œμΌœ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλ₯Ό μ§€μ†ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” κΈ°μ‘΄ μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ²˜λŸΌ 지속성과 변동성이 μ΄λΆ„λ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€λ¦½λ˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹Œ νŠΉμ • 상황 ν•˜μ—μ„œ λ‘˜ λ‹€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 것을 ν™•μΈν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ μ˜μ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 음의 좩격 ν•˜μ—μ„œ μžμƒμ μœΌλ‘œ 투자λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•  수 있게 ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ„ κ°•ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 정책적 지원이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” μ‹œμ‚¬μ μ„ λ„μΆœν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.1. μ„œλ‘  1.1 연ꡬ배경 및 λͺ©μ  2. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 2.1 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 지속성 2.1.1 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 지속성 이둠적 κ·Όκ±° 2.1.2 R&D smoothing: μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžλ₯Ό μ§€μ†ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯ 2.1.3 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 지속성 유인 차이 2.2 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ˜ 변동성 2.2.1 R&D financing: μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ™€ λ‚΄λΆ€ν˜„κΈˆνλ¦„ 2.2.2 Financial constraints: μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μžμ™€ ν˜„κΈˆμ œμ•½ 2.3 μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 지속성과 변동성 2.4 κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰ 2.4.1 κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰ μ •μ˜ 및 λ²”μ£Ό 2.4.2 κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ΄ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž ν™œλ™μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 2.4.3 κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ΄ μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž ν•™μŠ΅μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 3. 연ꡬλͺ¨ν˜• 및 연ꡬ방법 3.1 연ꡬ가섀 3.2 연ꡬλͺ¨ν˜• 3.3 자료 3.4 λ³€μˆ˜μ„ μ • 3.4.1 λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜: κΈ°μˆ μ—­λŸ‰ μΈ‘μ • 3.4.2 ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜ 4. 뢄석결과 4.1 κΈ°μ΄ˆλΆ„μ„ 4.2 뢄석결과 4.3 뢄석결과 κ³ μ°° 5. κ²°λ‘  및 μ‹œμ‚¬μ  μ°Έ κ³  λ¬Έ ν—Œ 뢀둝 1 : μ—°κ΅¬κ°œλ°œνˆ¬μž 변동 정도 츑정방법 뢀둝 2 : 이뢄산성을 κ³ λ €ν•œ κ³ μ •νš¨κ³Όλͺ¨ν˜• κ²°κ³Ό AbstractMaste

    ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ 지속성 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ κ³ μ°°ν•œ ν˜μ‹ μ˜ κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯ κΈ°μ—¬νš¨κ³Ό 뢄석

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ ν˜‘λ™κ³Όμ • κΈ°μˆ κ²½μ˜Β·κ²½μ œΒ·μ •μ±…μ „κ³΅, 2018. 8. 이정동.ν˜μ‹ μ€ κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯의 원동λ ₯이닀. 이와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ 선행연ꡬ가 μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ, μ—¬μ „νžˆ ν˜„μ‹€μ—μ„œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯에 λŒ€ν•œ ν˜μ‹ μ˜ κΈ°μ—¬νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ”λ° ν•œκ³„κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, ν•œκ΅­κΈ°μ—…λ“€μ˜ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ΄ κΎΈμ€€νžˆ 증가함에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  졜근 기술경쟁λ ₯ 및 μ„±κ³Όκ°€ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λ½(정체)ν•˜λŠ” 이유λ₯Ό μ„€λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€. κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” κ·Έ λ™μ•ˆ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ 양적 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλ§Œ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ μ΄λ€„μ‘ŒκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. 즉, κΈ°μ—…μ˜ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ 양적 차이가 지식좕적 정도λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό κΈ°μ—… 경쟁λ ₯(μ„±μž₯) 차이λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ „μ œν•˜μ—μ„œλ§Œ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ μ΄λ€„μ‘Œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 지식은 자본과 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ 양적 λ…Έλ ₯만으둜 μΆ•μ λ˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. 지식은 μž₯κΈ°κ°„ μ‹œν–‰μ°©μ˜€λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ κΎΈμ€€ν•˜κ³  지속적인 λ…Έλ ₯의 결과둜 μΆ•μ λœλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μΆ•μœΌλ‘œ 기업이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ λ…Έλ ₯, μΆ•μ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 관점 ν•˜μ—μ„œμ˜ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΆ€μ‘±ν•˜λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ 지속성 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ ν˜μ‹ μ΄ κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—¬νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ‹€μ¦μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•œκ΅­ μ œμ‘°κΈ°μ—…μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ R&D, νŠΉν—ˆ 및 μ œν’ˆ 정보λ₯Ό ν¬κ΄„ν•˜λŠ” 고유의 νŒ¨λ„ 데이터 셋을 κ΅¬μΆ•ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 싀증뢄석을 μ§„ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 톡해 κΈ°μ—… κ²½μŸμš°μœ„μ˜ μ›μ²œμœΌλ‘œ κΎΈμ€€ν•˜κ³  지속적인 ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 점을 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜, 3μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” R&D투자 μ§€μ†μ„±μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 일정기간 λ™μ•ˆμ— λ™μΌν•œ μ •λ„μ˜ R&D투자λ₯Ό ν•œ κΈ°μ—…κ΅° λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 일뢀 기업은 맀년 일정 μ •λ„λ‘œ 투자(R&D지속성)ν•˜λŠ” λ°˜λ©΄μ— μΌλΆ€λŠ” 맀년 변동(R&D변동성) ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μ§ˆμ„±μ΄ κ΄€μ°°λœλ‹€. 뢄석결과에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄, R&D투자λ₯Ό μ§€μ†ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…μΌμˆ˜λ‘ 높은 μ„±μž₯λ₯ μ„ 보인닀. 특히, R&Dνˆ¬μžκ°€ μ¦κ°€ν• μˆ˜λ‘ 높은 μ„±μž₯λ₯ μ„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²½μš°λŠ” R&D투자λ₯Ό μ§€μ†ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…κ΅°μ—μ„œλ§Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€. 이에 λ°˜ν•΄, R&Dκ°€ λ³€λ™ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…κ΅°μ—μ„œ 높은 R&Dνˆ¬μžλŠ” 였히렀 κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯을 μ €ν•΄ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ R&Dνˆ¬μžκ°€ 적더라도 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 기업이 R&Dνˆ¬μžκ°€ λ§Žλ”λΌλ„ 맀년 λ³€λ™ν•˜λŠ” 기업보닀 더 높은 μ„±μž₯λ₯ μ„ 보인닀. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” κΈ°μ—… λ‚΄α†žμ™ΈλΆ€ ν™˜κ²½μ΄ λ³€ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ ν•œ 번 μ„€μ •λœ ν˜μ‹ μ „λž΅μ„ μž₯기적인 μ•ˆλͺ©μ„ 가지고 κ³ μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 μ€‘μš”ν•¨μ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€. 4μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈ°μ—… λ‚΄ μ§€μ‹κΈ°λ°˜ μ§€μ†μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석결과에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄, ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ 지속적인 κ²½ν—˜μ„ μΆ•μ ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…μΌμˆ˜λ‘ 높은 μ„±μž₯을 ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ²½ν—˜μ˜ 정도에 λ”°λΌμ„œ 지식좕적을 μœ„ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μ „λž΅μ€ λ³€ν™”ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜, κ²½ν—˜μ΄ μ—†λŠ” μƒνƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” 반볡적인 ν•™μŠ΅μ „λž΅(μ‹€ν—˜ μ΅œμ†Œν™”)을 κ³ μˆ˜ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 지식을 μΆ•μ ν•˜λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ΄€λ ¨ 지식이 좕적될 수둝, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ§€μ‹κ³Όμ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 결합을 μ‹œλ„(μ‹€ν—˜)ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μ „λž΅μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 톡해 기업은 ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œμ˜ 지식을 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μΆ•μ ν•˜λ˜, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œμ˜ μ‹œλ„λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ 지식좕적 μ „λž΅μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•¨μ„ 이해할 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 5μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈ°μ—…μ˜ μ œν’ˆ ꡬ성 λŒ€λΉ„ 지식 κ΅¬μ„±μ˜ μƒλŒ€μ  μ§€μ†μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κΈ°μ—… λ‚΄ 지식과 μ œν’ˆμ€ μƒν˜Έμ˜ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³ λ°›μœΌλ©° λ°œμ „, μ§„ν™”ν•˜λŠ”λ°, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 관계λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ , μ–΄λ– ν•œ μ „λž΅μ΄ κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯에 νš¨μœ¨μ μΈμ§€ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석결과에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄, 핡심지식을 λ³΄μœ ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ œν’ˆκ΅°μ„ 가진 κΈ°μ—… 일수둝 높은 μ„±μž₯λ₯ μ„ 보인닀. 핡심지식 없이 λ§Ήλͺ©μ μΈ μ œν’ˆλ‹€κ°ν™”λŠ” κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯에 μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” 기업이 νŠΉμ • 뢄야에 λŒ€ν•œ 지식을 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μΆ•μ ν•˜κ³ , μΆ•μ λœ 지식을 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ˜μ—­μ˜ μ œν’ˆκ΅°μ— μ μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ „λž΅μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•¨μ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ’…ν•©ν•˜λ©΄, κΈ°μ—…μ˜ κ²½μŸμš°μœ„λ₯Ό νšλ“, μœ μ§€ν•¨μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ μ–‘, μƒˆλ‘œμ›€λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” κΎΈμ€€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅κ³Ό ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œμ˜ 지속적인 κ²½ν—˜, 좕적이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 졜근 ν•œκ΅­κΈ°μ—…λ“€μ˜ μ„±κ³Ό 및 기술경쟁λ ₯ μ €ν•˜ 원인은 ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ΄ λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ„ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μΆ•μœΌλ‘œ 지속성을 μ œμ•ˆν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ν˜μ‹ κ³Ό κΈ°μ—…μ„±μž₯ 관계λ₯Ό 보닀 μ²΄κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 이해할 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€μ„œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ΄€μ μ˜ ν˜μ‹  μ „λž΅ 및 μ •μ±… ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. μ‹ μ‚°μ—…λ°œκ΅΄, μ‹ κΈ°μˆ κ°œλ°œ λ˜λŠ” ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ˜ 증가에 λŒ€ν•œ λ§Ήμ‹ λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” ν˜μ‹ ν™œλ™μ„ 지속할 수 μžˆλŠ” μ—¬λ ₯을 ν™•λ³΄ν•˜κ³  ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ‘°μ„±ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ „λž΅μ α†žμ •μ±…μ  λ…Έλ ₯이 μš”κ΅¬λœλ‹€.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research motivation and purpose 1 1.2 Outline of the study 8 1.3 Contributions of the study 10 Chapter 2. Literature Review and Theoretical Frameworks 13 2.1 Firm growth and innovation 13 2.2 Persistence of innovation activities 62 2.3 Linking persistence, knowledge accumulation and firm growth 76 Chapter 3. Relationship between R&D activities and firm growth: The level and volatility of R&D investment 78 3.1 Introduction 78 3.2 Literature review and hypotheses development 80 3.3 Methodology 90 3.4 Empirical results 97 3.5 Robustness 107 3.6 Sub-conclusion 112 Chapter 4. Effects of knowledge accumulation strategies through experience and experimentation on firm growth 114 4.1 Introduction 114 4.2 Theoretical background and hypotheses development 116 4.3 Methodology 122 4.4 Stylized facts of Korean manufacturing firms 134 4.5 Empirical results 139 4.6 Additional analysis: Types of experimentation 149 4.7 Sub-conclusion 154 Chapter 5. Dynamic relationship between knowledge and product: Innovation strategy for firm growth 156 5.1 Introduction 156 5.2 Literature review and theoretical framework 158 5.3 Data and descriptive statistics 163 5.4 Dynamic relationship between knowledge and product spaces 167 5.5 Innovation strategy for firm growth 175 5.6 Sub-conclusion 185 Chapter 6. Conclusion 187 6.1 Summary 187 6.2 Implications 189 6.3 Limitations and future research directions 193 Bibliography 196 Appendix 1: Distribution of R&D level (Chapter 3) 223 Appendix 2: Results of selection equation (Chapter 4) 224 Appendix 3: Industrial classification (Chapter 4) 225 Appendix 4: Results of quantile regression (Chapter 4) 226 Appendix 5: Descriptive statistics and correlations (Chapter 5) 227 Abstract (Korean) 229Docto

    ν•œκ΅­μΈ λ‹¨μˆœν˜• μˆ˜ν¬μ„± ν‘œν”Όλ°•λ¦¬μ¦ ν™˜μžμ—μ„œμ˜ 케라틴 5번 및 케라틴 14번 λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄ 뢄석

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    Dept. of Medicine/석사[ν•œκΈ€]λ‹¨μˆœν˜• μˆ˜ν¬μ„± ν‘œν”Όλ°•λ¦¬μ¦(Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, μ΄ν•˜ EBS)은 ν‘œν”Ό μ„Έν¬λ‚΄μ˜ 케라틴 5번 λ˜λŠ” 14번 μœ μ „μžμ˜ λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄μ— μ˜ν•΄ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μœ μ „μ„± μˆ˜ν¬μ„± μ§ˆν™˜μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€κ°œ 상염색체 μš°μ„±ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μœ μ „λœλ‹€. λ³Έ μ§ˆν™˜μ€ 세포 골격을 μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμΈ μΌ€λΌν‹΄μ˜ ν˜•μ„± μ΄μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°€λ²Όμš΄ μ™ΈλΆ€ μžκ·Ήμ—λ„ μ‰½κ²Œ μˆ˜ν¬κ°€ μƒμ„±λ˜λ©° 쑰직 μ†Œκ²¬μƒ νŠΉμ§•μ μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μ € μ„Έν¬μ˜ μ„Έν¬μ§ˆ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ μ„Έν¬μ˜ 뢄리가 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€. ν™˜μžλŠ” μž„μƒμ  쀑등도에 따라 μ‹¬ν•œ 병변 양상을 λ„λŠ” Dowling-Mearaν˜•(EBS-DM), 전신적인 양상을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” Koebnerν˜•(EBS-K), 그리고 κ΅­ν•œμ„± 병변 뢄포와 κ²½ν•œ 양상을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” Weber-Cockayneν˜•(EBS-WC)으둜 λΆ„λ₯˜ν•˜λ©° μ΄μ „μ˜ 연ꡬ에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μž„μƒμ μΈ 쀑등도와 케라틴 단백 μœ μ „μžμ˜ 이상 λΆ€μœ„μ™€ λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 상관 관계가 있음이 μ•Œλ €μ§€κ³  μžˆλ‹€. Dowling-Mearaν˜•μ˜ 경우 케라틴 λ‹¨λ°±μ˜ 말단 λΆ€μœ„μ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 맀우 보쑴된 λ§‰λŒ€ λ„λ©”μΈμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ—μ„œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 변이가 λ°œκ²¬λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 보고되고 있으며, K?bnerν˜•κ³Ό Weber-Cockayneν˜•μ˜ κ²½μš°λŠ” 상기 λΆ€μœ„ μ΄μ™Έμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ—μ„œ λ‹€μˆ˜ λ°œκ²¬λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ 130μ—¬ 개의 케라틴 5번 및 14번 μœ μ „μžμ˜ 이상이 μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμœΌλ‚˜ κ΅­λ‚΄μ˜ EBS에 λŒ€ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 아직 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 이루어지지 μ•Šκ³  μžˆλŠ” μƒνƒœμ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 16λͺ…μ˜ ν•œκ΅­μΈ EBSν™˜μž 및 κ·Έ 가계λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λŒμ—° 변이 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό λͺ¨λ“  ν™˜μžμ—μ„œ λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄κ°€ λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 총 16건은 13개의 missene, 2개의 nonsense, 1 개의 small deletion λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄λ‘œ λ°ν˜€μ‘Œλ‹€. 이쀑 기쑴에 λ³΄κ³ λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 7건의 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 케라틴 5λ²ˆμ—μ„œ 4개(p.V143F, p.R264P, p.C479X and p.Asn177del), 케라틴 14λ²ˆμ—μ„œ 3개(p.R125L, p.E392X and p.L401P)κ°€ 각각 λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. Dowling-Mearaν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ§„λ‹¨λœ 5λͺ…(K14-p.R125L, K-14p.R125H, K5-p.C479X, K5-p.E477K, K5-p.Asn177del)의 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ λͺ¨λ‘ 케라틴 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ˜ 맀우 보쑴된 λ§‰λŒ€ λ„λ©”μΈμ˜ 말단 λΆ€μœ„μ— μœ„μΉ˜ν•¨μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. K?bnerν˜•κ³Ό Weber-Cockayneν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ§„λ‹¨λœ ν™˜μžμ˜ λŒμ—°λ³€μ΄λŠ” 일뢀 μ˜ˆμ™Έκ°€ μžˆμœΌλ‚˜ 주둜 상기 λΆ€μœ„ μ΄μ™Έμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ—μ„œ λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ ν•œ ν™˜μžμ˜ 경우(homozygous c.1174G>T, K14-p.E392X/p.E392X)λŠ” λ“œλ¬Έ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ§„ 상염색체 μ—΄μ„± ν˜•νƒœμ˜ EBS둜 ν™•μΈλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 연ꡬ 결과둜 κ΅­λ‚΄μ˜ EBSν™˜μžμ—μ„œ 비ꡐ적 νŠΉμ§•μ μΈ μœ μ „ν˜•κ³Ό ν‘œν˜„ν˜•μ˜ 상관관계가 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¨μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€κ³  μ΄λŠ” EBS에 λŒ€ν•œ 우리의 이해λ₯Ό λ„“νžˆκ³ , μΆ”ν›„ μ‚°μ „ 진단 및 μ˜ˆν›„ 예츑, μœ μ „μž 치료의 κ°œλ°œμ— 도움이 λ˜λŠ” 자료둜 이용될 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 여겨진닀. [영문]Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of hereditary bullous disorders caused by mutations of the keratin genes KRT5 and KRT14. Patients present with widely varying severity and are classified into three main subtypes, EBS Weber-Cockayne (EBS-WC), EBS Koebner (EBS-K), and EBS Dowling-Meara (EBS-DM), on the basis of the distribution and severity of blisters. Detailed knowledge of the spectrum of EBS mutations and their genotype-phenotype correlation is essential for accurate genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. To date, about 130 mutations associated with EBS have been identified in KRT5 and KRT14. A significant correlation between the position of the mutations within these proteins and the clinical severity of EBS has been noted. In this study, we investigated 16 Korean EBS patients and their families by performing a sequence analysis of the entire coding sequences of KRT5 and KRT14. Pathogenic mutations were found in all cases. We have identified seven novel mutations: four mutations on the KRT5 (p.V143F, p.R265P, p.C479X and p.Asn177del), and three on the KRT14 (p.R125L, p.E392X and p.L401P). Nine mutations that have previously been reported were found within the KRT5 and KRT14 genes. Specifically, thirteen missense, two nonsense, and one small deletion mutation were found. Five of sixteen EBS patients were diagnosed with EBS-DM, and all mutations (K14-p.R125H, K14-p.R125L, K5-E477K, K5-p.C479X, K5-p.Asn177del) were located on the highly conserved ends of the alpha-helical rod domain, the helix initiation (HIP), or helix termination (HTP) peptides of KRT5 and KRT14. Eight and three mutations were reported in EBS-K and EBS-WC, respectively. The positions of mutation in both subtypes are more widely distributed within the rod domains and in the L12 linker domains of both keratin genes. Interestingly, K14-p.E392X/p.E392X had a homozygous recessive profile (c.1174G>T), and the patient showed a EBS-K phenotype. This study shows possible implications of the novel mutations on protein structure, keratin intermediate filament (KIF) formation and the corresponding phenotypes.ope

    Measurement of the complex permittivity of dielectrics using cylindrical cavity resonators

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    Maste

    Embryonic stem cellμ—μ„œ λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ„± 신경세포와 smooth muscle cell의 μœ λ„μ— κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    Thesis (master`s)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μ‘μš©ν™”ν•™λΆ€,2003.배아쀄기세포(embryonic stem cell, ES cell) 은 κ°€μž₯ 초기 λ‹¨κ³„μ˜ stem cell둜써 이둠적으둜 λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ cell둜 λΆ„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 가지고 μžˆλ‹€. ES cell을 이용 ν•΄ 신경세포, κ·Όμœ‘μ„Έν¬, 심근세포 λ“±μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 것이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것이 밝 ν˜€μ‘Œκ³ , μ’€ 더 특이적으둜 λΆ„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 연ꡬ도 ν™œλ°œνžˆ μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. ES cell은 증식 속도가 맀우 μ»€μ„œ λ‹€λŸ‰μ˜ cell을 얻을 수 μžˆλŠ” μž₯점이 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 미래 의 μ§ˆλ³‘ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ cell therapy 에 잘 μ‘μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” ES cell line μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ R1 ES cell line을 μ΄μš©ν•΄ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜ μ˜€λŠ”λ°, λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ„± μ‹ κ²½ 세포λ₯Ό 많이 μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 방법을 μ‹œλ„ν•΄ λ³΄μ•˜κ³  μ μ ˆν•œ μ‘°κ±΄μ—μ„œ λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ„± 신경세포 λŒ€μ‹  μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” smooth muscle cell이 ν˜•μ„±λ˜λŠ” 것을 κ΄€μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.Maste

    A study of the triangular cross section type greenhouse using fluid-structure interaction

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    The purpose of this study is to study the fluid-dynamic and structural characteristics of the conventional greenhouse and to find possible improvement on the current greenhouse. The greenhouse is required to have enough rigidity of the structure while the installation and reinforcement should be as easy as possible. In this study, the structural stability to the snow load was tested through the computational structure analysis based on the building structure standard, and the wind load was computed by computational fluid-structure interaction analysis. The current analysis can be used as a reference data for a new greenhouse and it will be economically viable by reducing installation and maintenance costs.22Nkciothe
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