18 research outputs found
Local Government and Resident Participation - Focused on Resident Participation in the Form of Deliberative Democracy -
Quantitive morphological studies of anterior horn cell of spinal cord and spinal ganglional cell in adult rats after axonal injury
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Quantitive morphological studies of anterior horn cell of spinal cord and spinal
ganglional cell in adult rats after axonal injury.
JAE KYU KANG, M.D.
Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University
(Directed by Associate Professor In-Hyunk Chung, M.D.)
The morphological studies of anterior horn cell and spinal ganglion cell in adult
rats measured cross sectional area and number of glial cell contacted with
perikaryon of large anterior horn cell after axonal injury of intercostal nerve.
The intercostal nerves were interrupted by excision about 5mm with sharp knife
and at 7 days, 15 days and 30 days after axonal injury, anterior horn cell and
spinal ganglion cell were obtained. Large cells that shows distinct nucleolus were
measured by light microscope at 450X magnification using YAP-1 computer program.
That results are as follows
1. Neuron-glial index of anterior horn cell in adult rats was increased 1:3
during experiment than normal neuron-glial index 1:0.9.
2. In the morphological change after axonal injury, spinal ganglional cells in
adult rats were wrinkled and shown migration of the nucleus to the cellular
periphery and dispersion of Nissl body toward the cellular periphery. But anterior
horn cells were not changed.
3. In the measuring of cross sectional area of large cell showed distinct
nucleolus after axonal injury, cross sectional area of anterior horn cells in adult
rats was increased, but that of spinal ganglion cell was not changed.restrictio
(The) microsurgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus, and the oculomotor, trochlear, ophthalamic, and abducens nerves in Korean adults
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The cavernous sinus is a matter of interest because of its complex structure which contains the important cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery. With the recent development of microsurgical techniques, a more accurate anatomical look
at the cavernous sinus is possible. Because of their relationship to the cavernous sinus, the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves are very important; but, despite their functional importance, their anatomy was studied in fragments, and
has net been studied at all in Korea. Therefore, the oculomotor, trochlear,ophthalmic and abducens nerves from the origin to the superior orbital fissure were dissected, observed and measured under the surgical microscope in 50 Korean adult cadavers(100 sides). And in the serial coronal section of sellar turcica of 3
Korean adult fresh cadavers, the structure of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and its relationship with above these cranial nerve were observed.
The results are as follows: 1. The oculomotor nerve was composed of an average of six rootlets; and the long
diameter was 2.3mm, and the short diameter was 0.7mm in a mean.
2. The number of trochlear rootlets was one to three, with the trochlear nerve emerging from a single root most commonly observed; the long diameter was 0.9mm and the short diameter was 0.7mm in a mean.
3. The abducens nerve was composed of an average of four rootlets; its long diameter was 1.5mm and short diameter was 0.9mm in a mean.
4. The point of entry of the trochlear nerve was variable. It was observed mostly piercing the point below the tentorium cerebelli(76%).
5. The average distance from the posterior clinoid process to the point of occulomotor piercing the dura mater was 5.6mm; that to the point of trochlear nerve was 11.8mm, and the distance to the point of the abducens nerve was 17.9mm.
6. The angle between the line from the piercing point of dura mater to the posterior clinoid process and sagittal plane was 62.0 degrees in the oculomotor nerve, 139.8 degrees in the trochlear nerve, and 166.9 degress in the abducens nerve.
7. The relationship of the occulomotor, trochlear and ophthalmic nerves in the lateral wall of the carvernous sinus was classified into five types. On the right side, type 1 was the most frequent; type 2 was the most frequent on the left side.
8. The length of the parkinson's triangle was 6.4mm on the basal side, 14.3mm on the upper side and 17.0mm on the lower side.
9. The length of the ophthalmic nerve measured from the distal margin of the trigeminal ganglion to the superior orbital fissure was 18.0mm, and the width of this nerve was 4.3mm.
10. The lateral wall of the cavernous sinus generally consisted of two layers. It was also sometimes observed that its inner layer was incomplete or absent and that there was sinus between two layers.
11. The shape of the trabeculae in the carvenous sinus was variable.
12. The relationship between the abducens nerve and superior petrosphonoidal ligament was variable; one nerve trunk passing below the superior petrosphenoided ligament was the most frequent occurrance(86%)
13. The course of the abducens nerve was classified into 3 types, a abducens nerve running to the superior orbital fissure was the most frequent occurrance(88%).
14. The common type of the cavernous internal carotid artery was the S shape type(46%) on the lateral view and the straight type(70%) on the superior view.
15. The morphological variation of the cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery as related to the cavernous sinus was discussed and compared with that of other races.
This study clarified the microsurgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus and the cranial nerves related to it, from the brain stem to the superior orbital fissure in Korean adults. This data will provide useful information in neurosurgery, when compared with foreign studied.restrictio