Studies on the Orientation of Commercial Form for Jimei GM Shopping Center

改革开放30年来厦门的经济社会发生了翻天覆地的变化，国民经济(GDP)、财政收入、城市建设、人口数量、消费水平、文化教育、环境卫生、商业市场、交通运输、产业结构等等都得到突飞猛进的发展和变化。30年来厦门的GDP年均增长20.8%，城镇居民人均可支配收入年均增长15.4%，生活消费持续增长，商业市场服务行业快速发展。 本文分析了中国购物中心的发展历史和现状，对目前我国购物中心的发展情况和存在问题有个比较客观的认识。在此基础上借鉴国内外购物中心的发展实践和理论，分析厦门购物中心的发展情况、存在问题，并对厦门现在主要购物中心的情况进行比较分析。结果发现：厦门购物中心发展时间短，只有近10年的时间...Xiamen economy such as gross domestic product(GDP) national income, fiscal revenue, city construction, city population, consumption standard, cultural education, environmental health, commercial market, industrial structures, traffic and transportation have tempestuously developed and changed in the thirty years of reforms and opening-up. Over the past thirty years, Xiamen’s GDP increased by 20.8%...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院高级经理教育中心（EMBA项目）_高级管理人员工商管理硕士(EMBA)学号：X200615610

QTL Mapping, Epistasis and Environmental Effects Analysis for Rice Chalkiness Trait

水稻的垩白性状是当前限制中国稻米品质提升的最主要因素.研究垩白形成机理及遗传特性,将有利于提高育种中垩白性状的改良效率.本课题组先前构建了广陆矮; 4号/佳辐占重组自交系(GJ RIL)及遗传图谱.本研究连续2年在上杭县和龙海市两地共种植6季GJ; RILs,据各季垩白性状表型数据进行遗传分析,结合遗传图谱进行QTL定位、上位性分析和环境效应分析.遗传分析发现垩白粒率和垩白度呈偏态分布,推测; 垩白性状受主效基因与微效基因共同影响.QTL定位中,垩白粒率获得3个QTLs,qPGWC2、qPGWC4和qPGWC5,遗传贡献率分别为2.84; %、3.74%和14.09%;垩白度获得3个QTLs,qDEC1、qDEC4和qDEC5,遗传贡献率分别为2.96%、4.88%和7.79%.上; 位性分析中,垩白粒率和垩白度分别获得7对和5对上位性QTLs,贡献率为0.23%~3.55%.RM307~RM518区间内同时检测到垩白粒率和垩; 白度的QTLs,并参与了垩白粒率和垩白度的上位性互作.RM598~RM5140区间内也同时检测到垩白粒率和垩白度的QTLs,也参与了垩白度的上位; 性互作.环境效应分析发现,垩白度的3个QTLs及~eqDEC10和~eqDEC9这对上位性QTLs均与2010年早季龙海种植环境发生显著或极显著; 的互作效应.Rice (Oryza sativa L.) chalkiness is the most important limiting factor; for currently improving rice quality in China. Studying rice chalky; formation mechanism and hereditary character will be helpful for; increasing the efficiency of the improvement of chalky quality in; breeding. A Guanglu'ai No.4/Jiafuzhan recombinant inbred line(GJ RIL); was developed and its genetic map was constructed previously by our; research group. In this study, the genetic analysis of rice chalkiness; was carried out basing on the chalky phenotyping data of GJ RIL from a; total of 6 growth seasons of two different locations, Shanghang county; and Longhai city, in two consecutive years. Then the QTL mapping,; epistasis and environmental effects of chalkiness were studied by using; these phenotying data and the genetic map. The genetic analysis; indicated that percentage of grains with chalkiness (PGWC) and degree of; endosperm chalkiness (DEC) showed skewness distribution, suggesting that; chalkiness trait was affected by both major and minor genes together. In; QTL mapping, three PGWC QTLs, qPGWC2, qPGWC4 and qPGWC5, were detected,; which explained 2.84%, 3.74% and 14.09% of the genetic variation,; respectively. Three DEC QTLs, qDECl, qDEC4 and qDEC5, were mapped, which; explained 2.96%, 4.88% and 7.79% of the genetic variation, respectively.; In QTL epistasis analysis, 7 and 5 pairs of epistasis QTLs for PGWC and; DEC were identified respectively, and their contribution rates ranged; from 0.23% to 3.55%. The RM307~RM518 interval harbored the PGWC and DEC; QTLs, which were involved in epistatic interaction of PGWC and DEC; respectively. The RM598~RM5140 interval also harbored the PGWC and DEC; QTLs, which also participated in epistatic interaction of DEC.; Environmental effect analysis showed the three DEC QTLs (qDECl, qDEC4; and qDEC5) and a pair of epistatic QTLs between ~eqDEC10 and ~eqDEC9 all; exhibited significant or very closely significant interaction effects; under the environmental conditions in early season at Longhai city of; Fujian province in 2010.福建省中青年教师教育科研项目; 厦门大学中央高校科研基本业务

抗菌药物对Hp感染胃溃疡患者血清胃蛋白酶原水平的影响

目的 探讨抗菌药物对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染胃溃疡患者血清中胃蛋白酶原水平的影响及治疗效果。方法选取厦门大学附属第一医院2015年10月—2016年9月收治并确诊Hp阳性胃溃疡患者86例,随机分为对照组(奥美拉唑治疗)和观察组(奥美拉唑和阿莫西林联合治疗),每组43例,比较两组治疗前后的血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、PGⅡ水平,并观察两组的治疗效果。结果 两组治疗前的血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后两组患者的血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平明显下降,其中观察组PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平分别为(137.10±12.27)μg/L、(8.69±1.09)μg/L,明显低于对照组(P<0.05),同时观察组患者的治疗总有效率为95.35%,显著高于对照组的74.42%(P<0.05)。结论 抗菌药物治疗Hp感染胃溃疡患者具有更好的疗效,并可有效的降低血清中PGⅠ、PGⅡ的水平

Analysis of Epistatic and QE Interaction Effects of QTLs for Grain Shape in Rice

本研究利用基于明恢86x佳辐占水稻重组自交系(rECOMbInAnT InbrEd lInE,rIl)构建的SSr遗传图谱,总标记数为131。联合两季的稻米粒长(gl)、粒宽(gW)、长宽比(l/W)表型数据,应用混合线性模型方法进行QTl定位,并作加性效应、上位效应以及加性QTl、上位性QTl与环境(QTl-by-EnVIrOnMEnT,QE)的互作效应分析。检测到粒长、粒宽和长宽比的加性效应QTlS分别为6个、4个和4个,贡献率分别为23.67%、21.41%和25.78%;检测到8对粒长的上位性QTlS,5对粒宽的上位性QTlS,2对长宽比的上位性QTlS,贡献率分别为16.75%、22.36%和7.55%;环境互作检测中,发现共有9个加性QTlS和7对上位性QTlS与环境发生了互作。结果表明,上位效应在粒形性状的遗传与加性效应一样起了重要作用,环境互作效应对粒形性状有一定的影响。A linkage map consisting of 131 markers was constructed by using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the indica-indica rice cross Minghui86×Jiafuzhan.Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) was located with a mixed linear model (QTLmapper1.6) based on the grain shape parameters such as grain length (GL), grain width (GW) and length-width ratio (L/W), and made analysis of additive effects, epistatic, and the interaction effects of QTL-by-environment (QE).Six, four and four QTLs were detected to have significant additive effects for GL, GW and L/W, and the contribution rate were 23.67%、21.41% and 25.78%, respectively.Eight, five and two pairs of epistatic QTLs with significant additive-by-additive (AA) interaction effects were identified for three traits, and the contribution rate were 16.75%、22.36% and 7.55%, respectively.Significant QE interactions were found for nine additive QTLs and seven pairs of epistatic QTLs.The results indicated that the epistatic effects played an important role on the inheritance of grain shape, and the environmental factor had certain effects on the three traits.福建省自然科学基金项目(X0750053);厦门大学科技创新计划项目(XDKJCX20063004)共同资

Analysis of Epistatic and QE Interaction Effects of QTL Controlling Heading Date in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

抽穗期是水稻的重要农艺性状,深入了解其遗传效应对水稻育种实践具有重要现实意义。本研究利用基于明恢86×佳辐占、广陆矮×佳辐占两个重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱,应用混合线性模型方法对2003年晚季和2005年早季获得的两季水稻抽穗期数据进行QTL定位,并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。两个群体共检测到10个控制抽穗期的QTL,分别位于1、2、3、6、7和10号染色体上,仅qHD10(广佳重组自交系中为qHD10-1)在两个群体中同时检测到,另检测到11对具有上位效应的互作位点,其中有5个是加性效应显著的QTL。环境互作检测中,发现明佳重组自交系的qHD10和广佳重组自交系的qHD7与环境存在显著互作,贡献率分别为0.34%和2.32%。本研究表明:两群体的抽穗期性状的遗传受环境因素影响较小,特别是明佳组合,较适合作为分子辅助育种的研究材料。Heading date (HD) is an important agronomic trait in rice, and detailed understanding of HD's genetic effects is significant for rice breeding practice. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) controlling HD of rice in different seasons and environments was analyzed using two Recombination Inbred Lines (RIL) respectively derived from crosses of Minghui86 × Jiafuzhan (MJ) and Guangluai × Jiafuzhan (GJ) by mixed linear model approach. 10 QTL with additive effects for HD were mapped in the chromosome 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 10 totally, and the qHD10 (qHD10-1 as in GJ-RIL) was mapped in both RIL. 22 QTL with epistatic effects for HD in these two RIL were detected, and 5 of them were QTL with additive effects. QTL× environment interaction was detected on qHD10 in MJ and qHD7 in GJ, each explain the phenotypic variation of HD with 0.34% and 2.32%. This demonstrates that QTL× environment interaction has minor influence to HD in these two RIL, and they are suitable for Molecular marker-assisted breeding, specially to MJ population

Major QTLs Mapping and Analysis for Rice Grain Chalkiness and Grain Shape Traits

本研究用珍佳b(佳辐占/珍汕97b//珍汕97b的回交重组自交系f11,即bC1f11)x珍汕97b的f2群体,对稻米粒长、粒宽、长宽比、粒厚和垩白粒率性状进行遗传分析与QTl定位。结果表明,粒宽、长宽比、粒厚和垩白粒率均属于由多基因控制的数量性状,而粒长受一个主效基因控制。共检测到13个控制糙米粒长、粒宽、长宽比、粒厚和垩白粒率的QTlS。其中,在第3号染色体着丝粒附近rM16-rM411区间同时控制粒长、粒宽、长宽比和粒厚性状,遗传贡献率分别为49.8%、12.6%、39.3%和5.3%;在第5号染色体着丝粒附近rM7118-rM3683区间同时控制垩白粒率、粒宽、长宽比和粒厚性状,遗传贡献率分别为43.9%、44.5%、28.0%和15.0%;同时,在rM169-rM289区间也同时控制垩白粒率、粒宽、长宽比和粒厚性状,但各性状的遗传贡献率均较rM7118-rM3683区间的小。The F2 population was derived from the cross ZS97B (Zhenshan97B)×ZJB (ZhenjiaB) which was the backcross recombinant inbred line from Jiafuzhan×ZS97B.Based on the F2 population, the genetic analysis and QTL mapping of grain appearance quality traits, included grain length, grain width, grain shape (grain length-width ratio), grain thickness and PGWC (percentage of grain with chalkiness), was conducted.Grain width, grain shape, grain thickness and PGWC, belonged to the quantitative trait inheritance.But grain length showed the polygenic inheritance with a major gene.13 QTL associated with grain appearance quality traits were detected in this study.RM16-RM411 located in the pericentromeric region of rice chromosome 3 could explain 49.8%, 39.3%, 12.6%, 5.3% of the phenotypic variation, respectively, for grain length, grain shape, grain width and grain thickness.RM7118-RM3683 located in the centromeric region of rice chromosome 5 was associated with PVE (phenotypic variation explained) of 43.9%, 44.5%, 28.0% and 15.0%, respectively, for PGWC, grain width, grain thickness and grain shape.In addition, another pleiotropic QTL located between RM169 and RM289 on rice chromosome 5 was associated with less PVE for PGWC, grain width, grain thickness and grain shape than RM7118-RM3683.福建省科技创新平台建设计划项目(2007N2005);福建省科技重大专项(2008NZ0001);福建省自然科学基金项目(2011J01249);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2010121088);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20083003)共同资

Pollen Tube Behaviour of Interspecies Hybridization between Rice and Sorghum Observation

水稻和高粱是禾本科的两个异属作物,因其遗传距离较远,杂交表现不亲和,结实率极低,难以获得种子。为初步了解水稻与高粱属间远缘杂交花粉管行为,探索该远缘杂交的发生过程,本实验以籼稻珍汕97A×珍汕97B和Ⅱ-32A×Ⅱ-32B两个组合为对照,对珍汕97A×晋江多枝高粱和Ⅱ-32A×晋江多枝高粱两个属间远缘杂交组合的花粉管行为作初步的观察与研究,结果表明:晋江多枝高粱花粉粒能象水稻花粉粒一样在水稻柱头上正常萌发,花粉管在花柱及子房中生长与伸长,有些能最终到达子房的基部;同时高梁花粉管生长也出现诸如不能进入花柱、胼胝质不规则堆积、花粉管末端钝化等一系列的异常表现,致使不少花粉管停滞生长。Rice and Sorghum belongs to different genus. Distant hybridization bet ween them becomes incompatible because of their further genetic distance. In ord er to detect the process of distant hybridization and the behavior of pollen tub es in the process, we conducted primary observation and research of the behavior of pollen tubes between two hybridization combinations of Zhenshan97A×Jinjiang duozhi sorghum and Ⅱ-32A×Jinjiangduozhi compared with that of Zhenshan97A×Zhe nshan97B and Ⅱ-32A×Ⅱ-32B. The results showed that the pollen of Jinjiangduozh i sorghum can germinate on the rice stigma normally just as rice's pollen. The p ollen tubes also can grow and elongate on the style and ovary, some can reach th e base of the ovary eventually. Meanwhile, the pollen tubes of sorghum present a series of abnormal phenomenon, such as pollen tubes unable to enter into the st yle, callose depositing irregularly and the bottom of pollen tubes getting passi vated, which brings about many pollen tubes stagnate

Mapping QTLs for Rice Grain Shape with QTL×Environment Interactions and Epistatic Effects Analysis

利用广陆矮4号x佳辐占水稻重组自交系构建了SSr标记的遗传图谱.联合2007年和2008年获得的两组稻米粒长(gl)、粒宽(gW)、长宽比(l/W)数据应用混合线性模型方法进行QTl定位,并作加性效应、加性x加性上位互作效应以及加性QTl、上位性QTl与环境的互作效应分析.结果显示;(1)在加性效应分析中两个群体共检测到4个控制粒长的QTl,4个控制粒宽的QTl,5个控制长宽比的QTl,贡献率分别为13.81%、15.36%和16.29%.(2)在上位互作效应分析中两个群体共检测到2对控制粒长的互作QTl,1对控制粒宽的互作QTl,3对控制长宽比的互作QTl,贡献率分别为5.77%、2.59%和7.42%.(3)环境互作检测中,发现共有13个加性QTl和4对QTl的加性x加性上位性与环境产生了互作效应.结果表明,上位性效应和加性效应都影响稻米粒形遗传,QE互作效应也对粒形有着显著的影响.In this study,a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the indica-indica rice cross ‘Guangluai 4’בJiafuzhan’ was used in mapping of Quantitative trait loci (QTLs).Based on mixed linear model QTLmapper1.6,mapping was carried out for grain shape such as grain length (GL),grain width (GW) and length-width ratio (L/W) in rice in 2007 and 2008.QTLs were determined at the one-locus and two-locus levels,and QTL-by-environment (QE) interactions were analyzed.Four,four and five QTLs were detected to have significant additive effects for GL,GW and L/W,and the contribution rate were 13.81%,15.36% and 16.29%,respectively.Two,one and three pairs of epistatic QTLs with significant additive-by-additive (AA) interaction effects (epistatic effects) were identified for the three traits,and the contribution rate were 5.77%,2.59% and 7.42%,respectively.Significant QE interactions were found for thirteen QTLs with additive effects and four pairs of epistatic QTLs.The results indicated that the epistatic and additive effects played an important role on the inheritance of grain shape,and the environmental factor had significant effects on the three traits.国家863计划项目(2007AA10Z179);福建省科技计划重点项目(2008N0122);厦门大学科技创新项目(XDKJCX20063004