Research on Air Pollutant Emission Inventory in the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone

随着海峡西岸经济区的社会经济规划的不断扩大，能源大量消耗所排放大气污染物对环境的影响逐渐显著。作为海峡两岸交流的重要枢纽，海西经济区的大气污染物排放清单的制定及发展趋势的研究不仅为改善空气质量的目标提供必要的基础数据，也对其他城市和地区的科学发展有重要的预见和示范作用。 本研究以2009年为基准年，以排放因子法结合活动水平数据开发了海峡西岸经济区11个主要城市(福建省及温州市和汕头市)七种大气污染物(SO2、NOx、PM10、PM2.5、VOCs、CO和NH3)的排放清单。在此基础上，结合GIS技术，以0.05°为分辨率对排放清单进行空间分配，得到网格化排放清单。同时，基于国家和地方的“十二...In recent years, air pollution caused by the rapid economic development, population growth and industrial expansion is getting more serious and thus threaten public health and safety, as well as sustainable development of national economy. The West Coast of Taiwan Straits is an important junction for cross-strait exchange. Developing an emission inventory of air pollutants in this region not only ...学位：理学硕士院系专业：环境与生态学院_环境科学学号：2262011115142

Establishment of air pollutant emission inventory in the West Coast of Taiwan Strait

以2009年为基准年,结合污染源普查数据、统计年鉴及工业活动、居民生活等多个方面对海峡西岸经济区包括SO2、nOX、PM2.5、VOCS和nH3在内的大气污染物的排放量进行了估算,建立了海西区大气污染物排放清单.结果发现,上述5类污染物基准年的排放量分别为40.67x104、55.84x104、50.57x104、152.26x104和26.18x104T.其中,SO2、nOX及PM2.5的排放主要来自电厂,占排放总量的比例分别为25.58%、34.89%和38.75%;VOCS和nH3的主要排放源分别来自植被排放和养殖业,其贡献量分别为49.12%和47.07%.采用gIS对排放清单进行网格化处理,得出SO2、nOX及PM2.5的高排放强度区域与固定源的空间分布较为一致.此外,结合国家和地方“十二五“发展规划,采用情景分析方法估算了2015年海西区大气污染物的排放清单.与基准年相比,SO2、nOX和nH3的排放量呈下降趋势,PM2.5和VOCS的排放量呈大幅度增加.基准年排放清单的不确定性分析显示,VOCS排放估算的不确定度最大,为225%.The emission inventories of SO2,NOx,PM2.5,VOCsand NH3 in the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone in the base year of 2009 were established based on the pollution source census,statistical yearbooks,industrial activities and residential activities.The total emissions of SO2,NOx,PM2.5,VOCs and NH3 were estimated to be 40.67×104,55.84×104,50.57×104,152.26×104and 26.18×104t,respectively.The power plants were the most important source and contributed to 25.58%,34.89% and 38.75% of the total emissions of SO2,NOxand PM2.5,respectively.However,the major source of VOCs and NH3 was vegetation and livestock breeding,which contributed to 49.12% and 47.07% of the total,respectively.The relative high emission areas of SO2,NOxand PM2.5were consistent with the locations of stationary sources based on GIS gridding techniques.In addition,the emission inventories in the year of 2015 were calculated using scenario analysis method based on the national and regional 12thFive-Year Plans.The emissions of SO2,NOx,and NH3 showed a slight decrease while the emissions of PM2.5and VOCs increase significantly(around 24.18% and 74.42%,respectively) in 2015,as compared to those in 2009.The estimate of VOCs had the highest uncertainty of around 225%.环境保护公益性行业科研专项(No.201009004); 厦门大学山海基金(No.2013SH011)~

Morphological Characteristics of Atmospheric Aerosols with Different Sizes in Xiamen During Autumn

应用场发射扫描电镜(fESEM)研究了厦门城区秋季(2013年11月)不同粒径大气颗粒物的微观形貌及其元素组成特征.结果表明,厦门城区的大气颗粒物主要有烟尘集合体、飞灰颗粒、矿物颗粒、生物颗粒等.在粗粒径范围(>2.5μM),不规则矿物颗粒占多数,主要来自路面或建筑扬尘;细粒径颗粒物(2.5μm),mainly originating from road dust and construction dust.The composition of fine particles(<1.0μm)were mainly sulphates and nitrates.Soot aggregates and fly ashes almost appeared in every scope of sizes of aerosols,indicating that fine particles discharged from combustion evolved from small sizes to big ones because of agglomeration.All these features indicated that the particles mainly originated from fossil fuel burning,motor vehicle particles,dusts over the Xiamen City in autumn 2013,and much attention should be paid to control air pollution.国家自然科学基金(41171365;40971257); 厦门大学山海基金(2013SH011