78 research outputs found

    Human-induced disturbance on the understory plant diversity of urban forest:a case study of Xiamen

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    以厦门城市森林林下层植被为研究对象,重点研究台湾相思群落中林下灌草层植物多样性与土地利用类型、人为干扰程度之间的相关性;选用基于重要值的4种多样性指数,比较不同邻接用地类型城市森林群落多样性的差异;运用主成分分析、CCA排序以及多元回归等方法对城市森林灌草层植物多样性格局进行解释。结果表明:人为踩踏、垃圾堆积程度、人为挖掘、可到达容易程度等因子对厦门城市森林灌草层植物多样性分布格局有重要影响;厦门城市森林群落草本层β多样性沿着邻接商业用地、交通用地、工业用地、居住用地的方向逐渐增加,而灌木层β多样性沿着该环境梯度的方向却逐渐降低。This study is aimed at understanding anthropogenic impact on the understory plant diversity around the municipal area of Xiamen in Fujian Province,SE China.Four indexes were employed to differentiate the diversity of urban forests adjacent to different land use types.Principle Component Analysis(PCA)and Canonical Correspondence Analusis(CCA)methods were applied in our study.The results showed that human trample,dustheap,digging,accessibility and other factors have great influence on the understory plant diversity.Herb β diversity of urban forest increased along the land use gradient from commercial,transportation,industrial to residential,while shrub β diversity decreased gradually along this environment gradient.中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-YW-422);厦门市科技计划资助项目(3502Z20072002);中国科学院知识创新工程青年人才领域前沿资助项

    Drag reduction using riblets downstream of a high Reynolds number inclined forward step flow

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    Micro-riblet is an efficient passive method for controlling turbulent boundary layers, with the potential to reduce frictional drag. In various applications within the transportation industry, flow separation is a prevalent flow phenomenon. However, the precise drag reduction performance of riblets in the presence of flow separation remains unclear. To address this, an inclined forward step model is proposed to investigate the interaction between riblet and upstream flow separation. The large eddy simulation (LES) method is applied to simulate the flow over geometries with different step angles and riblet positions. The results show riblets still reduce wall frictional resistance when subjected to the upstream flow separation. Remarkably, as the angle of the step increases from 0 degrees to 30 degrees, the drag reduction experiences an increment from 9.5% to 12.6%. From a turbulence statistics standpoint, riblets act to suppress the Reynold stress in the near-wall region and dampen ejection motions, thus weakening momentum exchange. Quadrant analysis reveals that with the augmentation of flow separation, the Q2 motion within the flow field intensifies, subsequently enhancing the riblet-induced drag reduction. Moreover, the position of the rib lets has a significant impact on the pressure drag. Riblets close to the point of separation enhance flow separation, altering the surface pressure distribution and thus increasing the resistance. The results reveal that when the riblets are positioned approximately 160 riblet heights away from the step, their effect on the upstream flow separation becomes negligible. The precise performance of riblets under complex flow conditions is important for their practical engineering application

    溶菌酶1在小鼠超数排卵前后孵化及休眠囊胚中差异表达的研究

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    目的研究溶菌酶1(lysozyme 1,LYZ1)基因在超数排卵前后小鼠孵化囊胚和休眠胚胎中的分布以及表达,探究动物胚胎着床过程中新的调节机制。方法从妊娠5 d ICR小鼠体内获取的正常孵化囊胚和超排囊胚,利用小鼠延迟着床模型于妊娠第8天获取休眠胚胎和超排休眠胚胎。利用免疫荧光和Western Blot方法检测LYZ1蛋白在四组胚胎中的分布和差异表达变化。结果 LYZ1在超数排卵前、后小鼠孵化囊胚和休眠胚胎中均有表达,且主要集中在内细胞团中,滋养层细胞和胞质中少见分布;与未进行超排的小鼠相比,LYZ1蛋白在超排后小鼠胚胎中表达量显著上调,与未营造休眠模型的小鼠相比,LYZ1蛋白在休眠模型小鼠胚胎中的表达量显著上调。结论 LYZ1蛋白在囊胚内细胞团中表达,可能参与调节胚胎内细胞团的发育;LYZ1蛋白在超排-休眠胚胎中的高表达,说明LYZ1蛋白在休眠和超数排卵的双重影响下,会因为抵御不利环境而上调。2016年度科技创新服务能力建设-科技计划重点项目(KZ201610020018);;2018科技创新服务能力建设(KZ201610020018)~

    第十八届美国理论与应用力学大会总结

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    1会议概况2018年6月5—9日,第18届美国理论与应用力学大会(18th U.S. National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, USNCTAM2018)在美国芝加哥召开.本次大会由美国力学国家委员会和中国力学学会联合主办,旨在探讨和交流近四年世界范围内在理论和应用力学领域的基础研究、创新技术的最新进展,吸引了来自世界各地的近千名专家学

    直齿锥齿轮啮合刚度计算方法研究

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    针对直齿锥齿轮啮合刚度的计算问题,将其齿形转换成齿宽中点处的当量直齿圆柱齿形,再把当量齿轮的轮齿简化为齿根圆上的悬臂梁,通过能量法计算分析了单齿啮合刚度;基于位移容差的原理,进一步提出了齿轮时变啮合刚度计算模型;将其与有限元计算结果对比,并分析误差来源,完成了计算方法的验证。文中提出的计算方法不仅进一步丰富和发展了齿轮刚度的计算理论,对齿轮动力学的研究也具有重要意义

    一种改进的高精度光谱寻峰算法研究

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    针对被采样的超弱光纤光栅(FBG)反射光谱含有干扰噪声的问题,提出一种应用于大容量超弱传感网络的高速寻峰算法。该算法引入权重因子加入到最小二乘拟合算法实现加权最小二乘拟合(WLS)算法,对高斯曲线拟合系数进行优化,定位出中心波长,然后再通过非对称高斯修正(AG)对定位的中心波长进行修正,提出WLS结合AG(WLS-AG)的算法,实现抗噪声干扰高精度寻峰。通过实验,对比分析最小二乘拟合算法、质心算法、WLS算法及文章提出的WLS-AG算法分别在不同噪声下的峰值误差平均值,以及变温环境下误差平均值。实验结果表明,在高信噪比的情况下,WLS-AG算法连续20次重复性实验平均误差<1 pm,在低信噪比的情况下,平均误差约为10 pm;在不同温度下的检测误差在1 pm内,且最为稳定,满足超弱FBG传感系统精度解调的要求

    倒装结构大功率蓝光LEDs的研制

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    从器件制作角度入手,对基于Ⅲ族氮化物的功率型蓝光LEDs结构和电极体系进行了优化设计。采用梳状结构、高反电极体系及倒装焊技术,研制出大功率蓝光LEDs,在350mA工作电流下,工作电压为3.3~3.5V,输出功率达137.71mW,反向5V电压下的漏电流小于1μA

    用于加速器控制的通用型TCP/IP-多串口协议转换器的研制

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    在加速器控制领域,经常涉及到要将带有标准RS-232串行接口的设备通过以太网连接来实现远程测控任务,本文所介绍的设计工作解决了8个串口设备通过一台基于CPLD和MSP430技术的通用型TCP/IP-多串口协议转换器来完成远程数据/命令的传送

    流体剪切力作用下无间隙连接成骨细胞阵列内的钙响应

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    目的研究间隙连接和ATP在力致胞间钙传递过程中各自的作用。方法首先应用微模式化方法建立无间隙连接的成骨细胞阵列,再利用流动腔对细胞施加流体剪切力,观察并分析细胞的钙响应特征参数。结果细胞间无物理连接时,仍会出现多个钙响应峰,但第1峰的响应时间与有间隙连接时相比明显加长。除去胞外或胞内钙时,只有约40%的细胞发生钙响应,且单峰与多峰约各占一半。阻断胞外ATP通路后,只有约20%的细胞有钙响应,且大多为单峰。结论细胞间的间隙连接不存在时,ATP是介导细胞间钙传递的主要途径,说明间隙连接不是细胞间力致钙响应的必需途径
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