抗原致敏IL-12基因修饰的树突状细胞诱导抗肾癌免疫的体外研究

【目的】探讨肾癌细胞抗原致敏白介素-12（IL-12）基因修饰的树突状细胞（DC）体外诱导、激活细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）免疫杀伤肾癌细胞的效能及相关免疫机制。【方法】采用重组逆转录病毒介导IL-12基因修饰人外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）来源的DC；超声细胞破碎法提取肾癌细胞粗提抗原（Ag）致敏经IL-12转染的DC；ELISA法检测各组DCs和各组CTLs上清中IL-12、IFN-γ因子的分泌水平；流式细胞仪（FACS）分析各组DCs表面CD83、CD86、HLA-DR的表达；MTT法检测DC刺激同源T淋巴细胞增殖的能力及CTL免疫杀伤肾癌细胞的效能；统计学分析比较各组间的差异。【结果】经IL-12基因修饰和抗原致敏后的DC高表达CD83和CD86分子分别为（65．9％±3．1％，92．8％±3．4％），分泌高水平IL-12（279．6±1．7）pg／mL及IFN-γ（892±31）pg／mL，刺激同源T淋巴细胞增殖明显，诱导激活的CTL上清中IFN-γ水平（1146±31）pg/mL显著高于对照组；CTL对肾癌细胞有强大的杀伤作用，显著高于各对照组。【结论】经IL-12基因修饰和抗原致敏后的DC能有效地诱导CTL特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答。其机制可能与IL-12基因修饰和抗原致敏活化了DC抗原提呈第二信号，促进了DC高分泌IL-12因子，激活了T淋巴细胞致使CTL分泌IFN-γ的能力增强密切相关

Preparation and application of monoclonal antibodies against Herpes simplex virus-1

目的:制备并筛选HSV-1单抗,建立定量检测HSV-1病毒颗粒抗原的双抗体夹心ElISA方法,用于HSV-1病毒颗粒的质控。方法:以HSV-1免疫bAlb/C小鼠制备单克隆抗体,以筛选的中和单克隆抗体1f6为捕捉抗体,HrP标记的2b1为检测抗体,构建定量检测HSV-1病毒颗粒抗原的双抗体夹心ElISA方法,并对本方法的特异性、灵敏度、精密度、准确性和线性等性能进行验证。用本方法定量检测的病毒量与病毒滴度作回归分析。结果:构建的双抗体夹心定量检测HSV-1病毒颗粒抗原的ElISA方法,线性范围为0.125~2μg/Ml,相关系数为r2=0.995 5,定量限度为0.125μg/Ml,试剂的变异系数CV<10%,抗原回收率介于85.6%~107.1%之间。与HSV-1以外的其他样本无交叉反应。本方法检测与病毒感染滴度具有很好的相关性。结论:成功构建了定量检测HSV-1含量的ElISA方法,为HSV-1病毒颗粒抗原定量检测提供快速手段。Objective: To prepare and screen monoclonal antibodies against Herpes simplex virus-1( HSV-1),and develop a double antibody sandwich quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( Q-ELISA) for detection of HSV-1 particle.This method was used to control the quality of viral particle in the developing and manufacturing process of HSV-1.Methods: BALB / c mice was immunized with HSV-1 to prepare monoclonal antibodies.A double antibody sandwich Q-ELISA was developed to determine concentration of HSV-1 particle,which was based on the neutralizing monoclonal antibody 1F6 as capture antibody,and 2B1 as HRP-conjugated antibody.The performance of the reagent was evaluated,including specificity,sensitivity,precision,accuracy and linear.And the relation between the amount of virus detected by this method and the virus titer was analyzed by regression analysis method.Results: The QELISA for HSV-1 particle was developed.The quantitation scope was 0.125- 2 μg / ml,the coefficient correlation was 0.995 5,the limit of detection was 0.125 μg / ml,the recovery was between 85.6% and 107.1%,the variation coefficient was lower than 10%,and the reagent does not react with other samples except HSV-1 antigen.This method has a good correlation with virus titer.Conclusion: The QELISA for HSV-1 particle was successfully developed,which provide a new approach for rapid and quantitative detection of HSV-1 antigen

甲状腺功能亢进合并烟雾病发病机制的研究进展 Progress of Pathogenesis of Hyperthyroidism Complicated with Moyamoya Disease

烟雾病是一种以双侧颈内动脉末端及大脑前动脉、大脑中动脉起始部慢性进行性狭窄或闭塞为特征，并继发颅底异常血管网形成的脑血管疾病。甲状腺功能亢进继发烟雾病的发病机制尚不清楚，可能与甲状腺功能、免疫与炎症、遗传因素等有关。免疫和炎症相关的分子变化对血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的影响，可能在颅内大动脉狭窄、闭塞和烟雾血管的形成中起着重要作用。本文对甲状腺功能亢进继发烟雾病的可能病理生理学机制、免疫与炎症、遗传因素等发病机制进行综述。 Abstract: Moyamoya disease is a kind of cerebrovascular disease characterized by chronic progressive stenosis or occlusion at the end of bilateral internal carotid arteries and the beginning of anterior cerebral arteries and middle cerebral arteries, followed by abnormal vascular network formation at the skull base. The pathogenesis of moyamoya disease secondary to hyperthyroidism is still unclear, and may be related to the thyroid function, immunity and inflammation, and genetic factors. The effects of immunity and inflammation related molecular changes on vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, may play a key role in the formation of moyamoya vessels and large intracranial artery stenosis and occlusion. This paper summarized the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease secondary to hyperthyroidism by reviewing the available literature

Influence of Dual Ignition on Test Conditions of a High-Enthalpy Shock Tunnel

The forward mode is usually chosen to achieve high-enthalpy flows for a detonation-driven shock tunnel. In this paper, the dual-ignition system was developed to burst a metal diaphragm without its fragmentation under the forward operation mode. The influence of delay time on the test conditions of the high-enthalpy shock tunnel was investigated numerically. Results showed that the delay time should be set exactly, or it would affect the performance of the shock tunnel using the dual-ignition forward driving mode, i.e., the effective test or the stagnation temperature. The larger the delay time, the closer the CJ plane propagates to the primary diaphragm, the better consistent with the forward mode

Comparative Heat Flux Measurement of a Sharp Cone Between Three Hypersonic Test Facilities at LHD

Comparative heat flux measurements for a sharp cone model were conducted by utilizing a high Reynolds number shock tunnel JF8A, a high-enthalpy shock tunnel JF10, and a large-scale shock tunnel JF12 at the Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics (LHD), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, which were responsible for providing the nonequilibrium or perfect gas flows. Through the assessment of data accuracy and consistency between each facility, we aim to compare the heat transfer data of a sharp cone taken in them under a totally different kind of freestream conditions. A parameter, defined as the product of the Stanton number and the square root of the Reynolds number, was found to be more characteristic for the aerodynamic heating phenomena encountered in hypersonic flight under laminar flows. This parameter can almost eliminate the variability caused by the different flow conditions, and it should be a more preferable parameter for the reduction of the ground experimental data and the extrapolation to flight

Performance of Copper Calorimeter for Heat Transfer Measurement in High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel

Copper calorimeter, based on a calorimetric principle, offers a solution for heat transfer measurement in high enthalpy situation, especially in the erosive flow of high enthalpy shock tunnels. In this study, we numerically investigated the measuring performance of copper calorimeters. Non-ideal effects, such as heat loss to the insulator around and replacement of the average temperature of the copper element by the junction temperature, were discussed in detail. The influences of copper element thickness, copper/constantan wires thickness and sensor diameter were also estimated, with the aim to provide theoretical guidance for the design of copper calorimeter. In addition, corresponding experiments in JF10 high enthalpy shock tunnel were carried out against the data of coaxial thermocouples for verification. Results showed that the non-ideal thermal environment of a copper calorimeter (heat exchange with its surroundings) would result in a smaller measuring heat flux comparing to the one actually loaded; proper thickness of copper element matching the effective test time of shock tunnel was suggested. Besides, preliminary experimental results with corrections showed reasonable agreement with the heat flux of thermocouples, with an average deviation of 8%. Over all, this gauge developed extends and supplements the high enthalpy shock tunnel heat transfer measurements made by other techniques.</p

湖北省发现小黑领噪鹛

2015年8~11月,在湖北神农架森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,3次发现一种此前未监测到的鸟类,鉴定为小黑领噪鹛(Garrulax monileger)。8月5日,在湖北宜昌市兴山县龙门河村黄崩口沟口西侧公路上方山坡(31°19′37′′N,110°28′59′′E,海拔1 292 m),小溪边的化香树(Platycarya strobilacea)林发现5只小黑领噪鹛并拍摄照片(图1);10月21日在龙门河东湾白栎子树包(31°19′32″N,110°31′19″E,海拔1 691 m)的巴山水青

湖北省发现小黑领噪鹛

2015年8~11月,在湖北神农架森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,3次发现一种此前未监测到的鸟类,鉴定为小黑领噪鹛(Garrulax monileger)。8月5日,在湖北宜昌市兴山县龙门河村黄崩口沟口西侧公路上方山坡(31°19′37′′N,110°28′59′′E,海拔1 292 m),小溪边的化香树(Platycarya strobilacea)林发现5只小黑领噪鹛并拍摄照片(图1);10月21日在龙门河东湾白栎子树包(31°19′32″N,110°31′19″E,海拔1 691 m)的巴山水青

神农架世界自然遗产地陆生脊椎动物多样性

动物名录整理是一项基础性工作,对生物多样性的认识和保护计划的制订具有重要意义。通过对中国科学院神农架生物多样性定位站近20年的监测数据和历史文献资料的整理,对神农架世界自然遗产地的陆生脊椎动物进行了较为详实的汇总、分析与研究,并结合近年来国内外各陆生脊椎动物类群的分类系统发育研究结果,确定物种有效性和分类归属。神农架遗产地共有陆生脊椎动物29目110科312属577种,占湖北省和全国脊椎动物物种种数的80.70%和19.81%。其中,小黑领噪鹛(Garrulax monileger)、白眉林鸲(Tarsiger indicus)、褐冠山雀(Parus dichrous)和淡绿鵙鹛(Pteruthius xanthochlorus)为我们近期调查中发现的湖北省新纪录物种。在动物地理区划上,东洋界分布的物种数(61.35%)是古北界分布物种数(30.68%)的两倍,广域分布的物种仅占7.97%,表明遗产地内东洋区动物占一定优势,兼有古北区的区系成分渗透其间,反映出东洋界与古北界物种在遗产地交融汇集的特征。神农架遗产地共分布有中国特有陆生脊椎动物物种57种,分别占神农架陆生脊椎动物总数和全国特有陆生脊椎动物总数的9.88%和8.89%。对神农架遗产地陆生脊椎动物的汇总研究,可为神农架世界自然遗产地履行世界遗产中心的要求,进一步开展神农架遗产的监测与保护提供依据。近年来关于神农架脊椎动物新记录种的不断报道表明遗产地的物种多样性仍然存在被低估的可能,暗示着遗产地这方面的工作仍需进一步扩大和深入