金定鸭3个品系间的杂交效果分析

金定鸭3个品系间的杂交效果分析赖垣忠，陈奕欣，陈小麟，吕良炬，潘丽娉（福建厦门大学生物学系361005）纵观现代国际家禽业，就家食品种而言，几乎都采用商品配套品系。虽然，品系的育成方法不尽一致，但都是在现代遗传育种理论指导下，获得加性和非加性遗传效应...“八五”农业部畜牧兽医司资

Comparative Study of Mitochondrial DNA Restriction Maps of Genus Anas Ducks in Fujian Province

用7种限制性内切酶（bAMHⅠ、bglⅡ、ECOrⅠ、EOCrV、PSTⅠ、SACⅠ、XbAⅠ）分析了蛋鸭（金定鸭、莆田黑鸭）、野鸭（斑嘴鸭、绿头鸭）的MTdnA限制性类型，并用双酶法构建了以上鸭类的MTdnA限制性酶切图谱.结果表明，蛋鸭与野鸭在MTdnA结构上发生了明显分岐.比较两种野鸭和金定鸭的图谱，发现金定鸭与绿头鸭的亲缘关系较近.Mitochondrial DNA restriction types of Anas domestica (Jinding duck, Putianhei duck) and wild ducks, mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos ) and spotbill duck ( Anas poecilorhyncha ) were detected with seven restriction enzymes (BamHⅠ,BglⅡ,EcoRⅠ,EcoRⅤ,PstⅠ,SacⅠ,XbaⅠ).The mitochondrial DNA restriction maps were obtained by using the double digestion method.The results show that there is obvious divergence of mitochondrial DNA sequence between Anas domestica and the wild species.According to the restriction maps, Jinding duck is closer to Anas platyrhynchos rather than to Anas poecilorhyncha福建省自然科学基

Research for Domestic Duck Resources and the Strain Breeding

家鸭生物学研究为家鸭起源进化及资源利用提供了理论依据 ,指导家鸭生产与育种 .血清前白蛋白、mt DNA限制性内切酶谱和 RAPD证据表明 ,野鸭绿头鸭和斑嘴鸭在我国家鸭品种形成中均有贡献 .生化遗传学作为常规育种辅助手段 ,可用于早期选留种禽 .杂种优势利用仍然是提高生产性能的有效手段 .分子生物学与数量遗传学的相互交叉与渗透丰富了遗传育种理论 ,与生产性状相关的多基因性状的遗传规律和分子基础是当前研究的前沿和热点 .常规育种技术与现代生物学技术相结合 ,福建地方良种金定鸭群体平均年产蛋量从 2 12枚提高到 2 6 0枚以上 ;专门化品系最佳配套组合的产蛋量 30 0枚 ,总蛋量 2 2 kg.生产性能居国际先进水平 .金定鸭、北京鸭和番鸭三元杂交的后代 ,获得亲代的高产、羽色和肉质优势Biological research on domestic ducks, including mitochndrial DNA restriction map, RAPD and biochemical genetics, showed that both of mallard and spot bill duck contributed to domestic duck evolution. Serum proteins related to economic trait could be used as early stage selection index. Hybridization is an effective tool to improve duck production. Molecular biology joins to duck research will be rich the theory of duck genetics and breeding. Advanced biological technology combining with traditional breeding method, Jingding duck improved its egg production from 212 to 260 eggs per year, and a special strain production as high as 300 eggs in 22 kilogram. Hybrid of Jingding duck, Beijing Duck and muscovy is being as a promising broiler strain of white feather, high meat production and quality.国家自然科学基金!(38970 552 ) ;; 福建省自然科学基金!(B9910 0 0 2 ) ;; 农业部“七五”!(牧 0 3- 0 7- 0 2 );; “八五”!(85牧