The Research on the Correlation Of State Tax Income and Economic Growth—with the case study of The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

摘要 马克思主义政治经济学指出，社会再生产包括生产、分配、交换、消费四个环节。税收与经济的关系本质上就是生产与分配的关系，生产决定分配，经济是税收的基础，税收根植于经济，只有经济活动不断增长，经济总量不断扩大，才能不断壮大税源税基，增加税收收入。经济持续增长是政府筹集的税收收入应尽可能地满足其实现职能的“源动力”，税收持续稳定的增长又是经济持续发展的“助推器”。 1994年税制改革以来至2010年间，随着中央新疆工作座谈会的召开，新疆进入“大发展”和“大跨越”的时期，党的十八大以来，新疆更是进入到经济发展的快车道时代，经济结构和产业结构处于转型发展的关键时期。”十一五”时期，新疆在加快发展...ABSTRACT Marx pointed out that the Marxism political economics, social reproduction including production, distribution, exchange, consumption of four links. The nature of the relationship between tax and economy is the relations of production and distribution, distribution is determined by production, the economy is the foundation of tax, the tax is rooted in economic activities, only the econ...学位：公共管理硕士院系专业：公共事务学院_公共管理硕士(MPA)学号：X201013604

Self-healing metallo-supramolecular polymers from a ligand macromolecule synthesized via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition and thiol-ene double "click" reactions

Natural Science Foundation of China [21074103]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2010121018]; Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars; NFFTBS [J1210014]In this study, we develop a series of new materials that can simultaneously and reversibly self-heal without external stimuli based on metallo-supramolecular interactions. Multiple tridentate 2,6-bis(1,2,3-trizaol-4-yl)-pyridine (BTP) ligand units synthesized via a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click" reaction are incorporated into the polymer backbone of a ligand macromolecule through a thiol-ene "click" reaction. 3D transient supramolecular networks are formed from the ligand macromolecule upon coordination with transition and/or lanthanide metal ions. As compared to the ligand macromolecule, the resultant supramolecular films exhibit improved mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus, strength and toughness, which can be readily tuned by the stoichiometric ratio of Zn2+ to Eu3+ to Tb3+. The supramolecular films exhibit characteristics of weakly crosslinked networks where the storage modulus G' and loss modulus G '' scaled with normalized frequency omega a(T) by the same slope of 0.5. Both the supramolecular bulk films and gels are found to exhibit fast and effective self-healing properties by virtue of the kinetically labile nature of the metal-ligand interactions

Using metal-ligand interactions to access biomimetic supramolecular polymers with adaptive and superb mechanical properties

Natural Science Foundation of China [21074103]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2010121018]; Scientific Research Foundation for Returned ScholarsThe development of polymer materials that exhibit excellent mechanical properties and can respond to environmental stimuli is of great scientific and commercial interest. In this work, we report a series of biomimetic supramolecular polymers using a ligand macromolecule carrying multiple tridentate ligand 2,6-bis(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (BTP) units synthesized via CuAAC in the polymer backbone together with transition and/or lanthanide metal salts. The metal-ligand complexes phase separate from soft linker segments, acting as physical crosslinking points in the materials. The metallo-supramolecular films exhibit superb mechanical properties, i.e., high tensile strength (up to 18 MPa), large strain at break (>1000%) and exceptionally high toughness (up to 70 MPa), which are much higher than those of the ligand macromolecule and are tunable by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of Zn2+ to Eu3+ and the stoichiometry of metal ion to ligand. The metal-ligand hard phase domains are demonstrated to be thermally stable but mechanically labile, similar to the behaviors of covalent mechanophores. The thermal stability and mechanical responsiveness are also dependent on the compositions of metal ions. The disruption of the hard phase domains and the dissociation of metal-ligand complexes under stretching are similar to the unfolding of modular domains in modular biomacromolecules and are responsible for the superb mechanical properties. In addition, the biomimetic metallo-supramolecular materials display promising responsive properties to UV irradiation and chemicals. These well designed, created and characterized robust structures will inspire further accurate tailoring of biomimetic responsive materials at the molecular level and/or nanoscale

A nanoparticulate polyacetylene-supported Pd(Ⅱ) catalyst combining the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts

负载型的金属催化剂虽然分离方便,但在反应活性、选择性以及催化剂的结构表征方面均明显不如相应的均相催化剂.将均相催化剂通过不同的化学键固载于高比表面积载体是实现均相催化剂多相化的重要途径,这样可使催化剂兼具均相和多相催化剂的优势.然而要将均相催化剂锚定于特定载体上,通常涉及较为复杂的合成反应,对载体也有严格的要求.因而该法仅仅适用于实验室研究,难以实现规模生产.因此,提供一种简便有效地制备兼具均相和多相催化剂优势的催化剂合成方法非常必要.本文报道一种简便的制备聚乙炔纳米颗粒负载Pd(Ⅱ)催化剂(nP-Pd(Ⅱ))的方法,所制催化剂在水相中的SuzukI-MIyAurA偶联反应中表现出极高的活性,同时具有便于分离、容易放大制备的特点.在室温下,将乙炔气通入PdC l2-4的水溶液中迅速变得浑浊,静置后容器底部有棕色沉淀,同时溶液变为无色透明.固体产物使用水、乙醇等溶剂进行洗涤;干燥之后收集既得聚乙炔纳米颗粒负载的Pd(Ⅱ)催化剂nP-Pd(Ⅱ).使用透射电子显微镜、红外(Ir)及拉曼吸收光谱、X射线衍射(Xrd)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及X射线吸收光谱(EXAfS)等手段对nP-Pd(Ⅱ)进行了详细表征.结果显示,在nP-Pd(Ⅱ)中Pd并非以Pd纳米颗粒形式存在;Xrd中没有未Pd纳米晶的特征衍射峰.Ir等表征证明乙炔在Pd的催化作用下发生聚合作用,生成了聚乙炔.EXAfS结果表明,Pd分别和氯原子以及C=C双键进行配位;同时,没有观察到Pd–Pd键的生成,进一步证明了Pd未被还原为Pd纳米颗粒.XPS也印证了Pd(Ⅱ)的价态.形貌上,nP-Pd(Ⅱ)为直径2–3nM的颗粒,其中的Pd原子均匀分散于聚乙炔纳米颗粒上,使其在反应过程中能够充分地与底物接触,从而在SuzukI-MIyAurA偶联反应中表现出极高的活性.更重要的是,由于“憎水效应“,nP-Pd(Ⅱ)在溶液中以微米级的聚集体形式存在,因而反应后通过离心或者静置从反应体系中分离出来.因此,在nP-Pd(Ⅱ)催化剂中,每个Pd原子都是潜在的活性中心,这与典型的均相催化剂相似;同时,其独特的形貌使其具备了多相催化剂便于分离的特点.因此,nP-Pd(Ⅱ)是一种兼具均相和多相催化剂优点的催化剂且其催化剂的制备方法极为简便.乙炔是常用的工业气体,溶剂采用水,制备在室温下即可完成,我们也成功地制备出克级规模的高活性、稳定性的nP-Pd(Ⅱ)催化剂.A novel nanoparticulate polyacetylene-supported Pd(Ⅱ) catalyst(NP-Pd(Ⅱ)) for use in the aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction was successfully synthesized by simply treating an aqueous solution of PdC l42- with acetylene under ambient conditions.Electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy were employed to characterize the NP-Pd(Ⅱ) structure in detail.These analyses demonstrated that the Pd atoms in the NP-Pd(Ⅱ) were present as Pd(Ⅱ) and were coordinated with both the Cl atoms and the C=C bonds of the polyacetylene.Both the homogeneous distribution of the Pd(Ⅱ) along the polyacetylene backbone and the aggregation of the NP-Pd(Ⅱ) in solution work in conjunction to make this material an ideal catalyst, combining the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.supportedbyMinistryofScienceandTechnologyofChina(2011CB932403;2015CB932303); theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(221420102001;21131005;21390390;21333008)~

Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Surface-Clean Ultrathin Palladium Nanosheets by Simply Mixing a Dinuclear Pd-I Carbonyl Chloride Complex with H2O

通讯作者地址: Zheng, NF (通讯作者) Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Energy Mat, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.MOST of China 2011CB932403 ,2009CB930703 ,NSFC 21131005 ,21021061 ,20925103 ,2092300

我国科研院所技术转移特征研究

基于国家知识产权局专利转让、许可、质押的备案数据，以2008&mdash;2017年我国科研院所专利运营活动为分析对象，从专利运营的总体趋势、运营方式、行业及技术分布、产业化速度、技术流入流出特征等多个角度系统定量地分析我国科研院所的技术转移现状。研究发现自2008年以来我国科研院所专利运营数量快速增长；高技术领域的专利运营活动愈发活跃；价值易于精确评估和实施的应用类技术多倾向于以转让或许可的方式转移；专利转让形式较为灵活，具有更短的产业化时滞；东部省市的科研院所专利运营始终比西部省市活跃。</p

被动式轴向旋流除气装置性能研究

针对海上油田低含气率采出液除气作业需求，本文提出了一种被动式轴向旋流除气装置。据此设计了原理样机，接入自循环流动系统中开展了除气特性测试工作。重点考察内部流场气相分布，考察分流比、除气率、处理后液体含气率和压降之间的关系。研究表明，通过合理调整分流比，该装置可将液体含气率降低至0.1%。同时，入口-溢流口相对压降与分流比之间存在线性关系。研究成果有利于进一步降低管式分离系统的空间和重量需求

齿轮无摩擦接触的等几何分析研究

使用等几何分析法进行平面无摩擦接触分析,采用罚函数法将接触约束条件引入系统势能函数,采用多片NURBS曲面片缝合的方式进行渐开线齿轮建模和接触分析,将计算结果与有限元解进行了对比,结果表明等几何分析法在分析接触问题时具有计算精度高、应力场更加光滑等优势,为解决接触问题提供了一种有效的方法

基于人体工程学的婴儿摇床六杆机构优化设计

基于人体工程学原理,设计了婴儿摇床六杆机构并综合运用Matlab及ADAMS软件实现六杆机构的联合优化设计。建立了六杆机构满足约束条件下求连杆最小长度的方程组,通过Matlab计算出连杆最小尺寸。对机构进行ADAMS参数化建模,设置连杆长度为变量,对机构进行运动学分析和动力学分析,并求出对应点的加速度曲线和连杆受力曲线。结合人体工程学数据,设计出连杆最佳长度、主动杆长度及曲柄转速。研究结论对提高婴儿床的使用功能与舒适性具有实际指导意义

基于人体工程学的婴儿摇床六杆机构优化设计

基于人体工程学原理,设计了婴儿摇床六杆机构并综合运用Matlab及ADAMS软件实现六杆机构的联合优化设计。建立了六杆机构满足约束条件下求连杆最小长度的方程组,通过Matlab计算出连杆最小尺寸。对机构进行ADAMS参数化建模,设置连杆长度为变量,对机构进行运动学分析和动力学分析,并求出对应点的加速度曲线和连杆受力曲线。结合人体工程学数据,设计出连杆最佳长度、主动杆长度及曲柄转速。研究结论对提高婴儿床的使用功能与舒适性具有实际指导意义