Discussion on the Treatment of Hypertension from Retained Fluid

根据古代文献关于"饮病"和现代医学关于高血压病的认识,"饮病"与高血压病无论从临床表现还是从发病机制上都有着密切的相关性。近年来,"痰饮"成为高血压病发病的重要病因之一,并贯穿于高血压病发病的始终。五苓散、苓桂术甘汤等具有"化饮"功效的方剂在治疗高血压病的临床实践中已取得较好疗效,但始终缺乏从饮论治高血压病的辨治纲要。因此,将"饮邪"引入高血压病的致病因素之中,对其做系统性、理论性的探讨,并总结出一套治则治法,对指导临床实践具有一定的帮助。According to the ancient literature on the"retained fluid disease"and modern medicine on the understanding of hypertension,"retained fluid disease"and hypertension disease from clinical manifestations or from the pathogenesis are closely related. In recent years,"phlegm"has become one of the important causes of hypertension,and always runs through the occurrence of hypertension. Wuling Powder and Linggui Zhugan Decoction have"dispersing retained fluid"effect of the prescription in the treatment of hypertension in clinical practice to obtain good curative effect,but always a lack of debate on the treatment of hypertension from the theory of"retained fluid disease"treatment program. Therefore,put the"drink evil"into the category of hypertension disease,on the system,theoretical study,and sums up the prevention and treatment,to guide the clinical practice has certain help.2013~2015福建省中医药科研项目计划(课题名称:五苓散健脾-利水-温阳通脉多靶点途径调控高血压大鼠RAAS表达的机制研究)(编号:wzln201309);; 2013年夏门市科技局高校、科研院所科技创新项目(课题名称:柴苓降压剂的开发研究)(编号:3502Z20134052

钱林超疏肝清热利水法治疗原发性高血压病临床经验

钱林超认为高血压发病与情志刺激、饮食劳倦等密切相关,肝郁、肝火与痰饮是高血压病的三大主要病因;其病机可归纳为肝郁化火、水饮内停;在临床上则以疏肝清热利水为主立法组方,取得了较好的临床效果

中国东南沿海港口外轮压舱水生物的调查

随机选取东南沿海港口的17艘外来船舶(含8条集装箱船和9条散货船)作为监测对象,进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定,并对监测数据进行统计学分析。检出分属于7个浮游植物门类和5个动物门类的309种外来压舱水生物(包括60种赤潮生物)。外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关。船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知的外来水生生物入侵的主要媒介。本调查结果表明,中国东南沿海外来散货船的压舱水排放所具的潜在生物入侵风险比集装箱船更应受关注

Trisomy 21-induced Dysregulation of Microglial Homeostasis in Alzheimer’s Brains is Mediated by USP25

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）是一种最为常见的与记忆、认知能力退化相关的渐进性神经退行性疾病。唐氏综合征（Down’s syndrome, DS）是早发型阿尔茨海默病的一个重要风险因素，作为最常见的智力障碍遗传疾病，厦门大学医学院神经科学研究所王鑫教授团队揭示了治疗阿尔茨海默病和唐氏综合征新的治疗靶点，并且在小鼠模型上利用USP25小分子抑制剂成功地改善了阿尔茨海默病小鼠的认知功能，缓解了神经退行性病变的病理进程。该研究工作由王鑫教授指导完成，厦门大学医学院助理教授郑秋阳和博士生李桂林完成主要实验工作，王世华、朱琳、高月、邓青芳、张洪峰、张丽珊、吴美玲、狄安洁参与了部分研究工作。厦门大学医学院许华曦、赵颖俊和孙灏教授在研究过程中给予大力帮助和支持，清华大学董晨教授提供了Usp25基因敲除小鼠，厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院周裕林教授和郑良楷博士帮助收集了脑组织样品。Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is the most significant risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, underlying mechanisms linking DS and AD remain unclear. Here, we show that triplication of homologous chromosome 21 genes aggravates neuroinflammation in combined murine DS-AD models. Overexpression of USP25, a deubiquitinating enzyme encoded by chromosome 21, results in microglial activation and induces synaptic and cognitive deficits, whereas genetic ablation of Usp25 reduces neuroinflammation and rescues synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. Mechanistically, USP25 deficiency attenuates microglia-mediated proinflammatory cytokine overproduction and synapse elimination. Inhibition of USP25 reestablishes homeostatic microglial signatures and restores synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. In summary, we demonstrate an unprecedented role for trisomy 21 and pathogenic effects associated with microgliosis as a result of the increased USP25 dosage, implicating USP25 as a therapeutic target for neuroinflammation in DS and AD.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871077, 81822014, and 81571176 to X.W.; 81701130 to Q.Z.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1305900 to X.W.), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (2017J06021 to X.W.), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities (20720150061 to X.W.), and the BrightFocus Foundation (A2018214F to Yingjun Zhao). 该研究工作得到国家重点研发计划项目、国家自然科学基金、福建省自然科学基金、厦门大学校长基金的资助和支持

Application of comprehensive nursing program based on Delphi method for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (基于德尔菲法构建的综合护理方案在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重患者中的应用)

Objective To evaluate the comprehensive nursing program based on Delphi method for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Methods Totally 106 patients with AECOPD were randomly divided into control group (n=48, 5 cases were lost to follow up) and intervention group (n=47, 6 cases were lost to follow up). The control group was given routine nursing before discharge from hospital, and the intervention group was given comprehensive nursing interventions based on Delphi method. The readmission rate, quality of life and self-management ability of the two groups were compared one month and six months after discharge from hospital. The rate of readmission between the two groups one and six months after discharge from hospital was compared. The quality of life, 6-minute Walk Test (6MWT) and self-management ability of patients were evaluated before and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference in the rate of readmission between the two groups one month after intervention (P＞0. 05), and the rate of readmission in the intervention group after six months was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0. 05). The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, respiratory symptoms, activity restriction and disease influence were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 05), and the self-management ability and 6MWT were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The comprehensive nursing programe based on Delphi method can significantly reduce the rate of readmission of patients with AECOPD , improve their quality of life and improve their self-management ability. (目的 探讨基于德尔菲法构建的综合护理方案在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)患者中的应用。方法 106例AECOPD 出院患者随机其分为对照组48例(脱落 5例)和干预组47例(脱落 6例)。对照组给予常规出院护理, 干预组采用基于德尔菲法构建的综合护理干预。比较2组出院后1个月和6个月的急性加重和再入院情况, 观察2组干预前后生活质量、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)以及自我管理能力。结果 2组出院后1个月的急性加重和再入院情况比较, 差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。干预组6个月内急性加重次数及再入院次数均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。干预后, 干预组SGRQ评分下降明显, 与对照组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。干预后, 2组6MWT均有提高, 且干预组优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。干预后, 2组自我管理量表评分均升高, 且干预组评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 基于德尔菲法构建的综合护理方案对改善患者出院后病情, 降低再入院率, 提升患者生活质量和自我管理能力有显著作用。

固沙植物白刺果营养保健成分分析及开发利用研究

白刺果为固沙植物白刺所结果实，白刺在内蒙、新疆等沙漠地带生长，可起到很好的固沙、防风作用。该课题对白刺果急性毒性、营养保健成分及其对抗氧化作用等作了充分的实验研究，又对白刺果饮品进行了研制，共两个品种，有良好的效益。该课题既可对沙漠地区保护水土环境有利，又可带动当地经济，形成特色环保、绿色产品，对人体健康有益