A Pattern Matching Algorithm Using Deterministic Finite Automata with Infixes Checking

這篇論文提出了兩個用於做字串比對的演算法，第一個演算法我們建構了一個可以比對含有字中關係的多族關鍵字的自動機，此自動機在輸入一段文字後，可以判斷出在這段文字中的哪個位置比對到哪些關鍵字。 此外，在此篇論文的第五章，我們提出了第二個演算法，利用偵錯函數做線上判斷一段文字是否有重複的字首發生。在此篇論文中我們也研究了一些這兩個演算法的性質，以幫助我們對演算法做時間複雜度的分析。This thesis presents two string matching algorithms. The first algorithm constructs a string matching finite automaton (called mc-DFA) for multi-class of keystrings with infix checking and then applies this mc-DFA to process the matching procedure for a given text in a single pass. This algorithm can output the occurrences of multiple keystrings in a text concurrently. An algorithm used to minimize mc-DFA is also given and studied. The second algorithm applies the failure function to detect the occurrence of a prefix square when a string is on-line inputted. Some properties concerning these two algorithms are studied to show the time complexity of these two string matching algorithms.1 Introduction 1 2 The K.M.P algorithm and the Aho-Corasick algorithm 12 2.1 The K.M.P algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 The Aho-Corasick algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3 The problem of the Aho-Corasick algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 21 3 Basic notations and properties of the strings 23 3.1 Relations between strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2 Definition of mc-DFA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4 The algorithm of mc-DFA 28 4.1 The Multi-Final-State-Class DFA Constructing Algorithm . . 29 4.2 Minimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4.3 Minimized Concurrent Matching DFA Generating Algorithm . 40 5 A prefix square check algorithm 42 5.1 Prefix Square Detection Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.2 Properties of Algorithm 5.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 5.3 The Time Complexity of Algorithm 5.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6 Concluding Remarks 5

Effect of Growth Medium and Nutriculture on the Growth and Development of Oncidium

供試文心蘭品種栽植於4種不同栽培介質之試驗結果顯示，Gower Ramsey ‘427’栽培於混合介質中有較高的根部活性1.63 O.D /g；當植株成熟時，栽植於Oasis中之植株有較多的養分累積，其假球莖有較高全可溶性糖含量48.5%和較高的澱粉含量17.8%，且花序品質較佳，有較多的花序分叉數7.2與小花朵數88.9。Gower Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’ 栽培於4種介質中，其根部活性無顯著差異，介於1.86 ~ 1.99 O.D /g之間；當植株成熟時，栽植於岩綿中之植株假球莖有較高的全可溶性糖含量45.1%和較高的澱粉含量35.5%，開花品質是以栽培於岩綿、水苔和Oasis時，皆較混合介質為佳，尤以栽植於岩綿之植株花序分叉數達10.2，小花朵數量達128.7，花莖長度達76.0 cm。Honey Angle以栽植於岩綿中，有較高根部活性1.88O.D /g；當植株成熟時，栽植於岩綿之植株假球莖有較高的全可溶性糖含量55.4%和較高的澱粉含量23.7%；開花品質以栽培於岩綿及Oasis之植株花序較佳，花序分叉數達9.3，小花朵數量達117.4，花莖長度達93.7 cm。 不同文心蘭品種於不同生育階段，植體養分變化之試驗結果顯示，Gower Ramsey ‘427’之假球莖於出鞘期有較高的氮、磷、鉀、鐵含量分別為2.01%、1.24%、2.02%、48.25 mg/L，於開花採收期時有較高的鎂、銅、錳、鋅含量，分別為0.38%、2.04 mg/L、10.72 mg/L、9.72 mg/L，假球莖內之全可溶性糖含量於出鞘期較高，為43.14%。Gower Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’之假球莖於出鞘期有較高的氮、磷、鉀含量分別為2.33%、1.35%、1.57%，於開花採收期時有較高的鈣、鎂含量，分別為1.73%和0.39%，假球莖之全可溶性糖和澱粉含量於出鞘期較高，分別為38.30%和25.26%。Honey Angle之假球莖於出鞘期時有較高的氮、磷、錳含量分別為2.08%、1.30%和12.65 mg/L，於假球莖成熟時有較高的鉀含量2.07%，而於開花採收期時有較高的鈣、鎂、銅、鋅含量，分別為2.09%、0.33%、7.17mg/L和9.43mg/L，假球莖內之全可溶性糖和澱粉含量於出鞘期較高，分別為45.32%和28.29%。 kinetin噴施處理之試驗結果顯示，Gower Ramsey ‘427’ 於kinetin 100 mg/L噴施時，有較佳的花序品質，花序分叉數達9.8，小花朵數達117.5；Gower Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’ 和Honey Angle亦有同樣的試驗結果。三種文心蘭切花以50 ~ 200 mg/L之kinetin噴施處理後，其小花唇瓣內之鈣含量介於3203 ~ 3954 mg/L之間，皆較對照組顯著增加，在小花發育階段中之唇瓣電解質滲漏、乙烯和二氧化碳釋放量，皆顯著較對照組為低，尤以kinetin 100 mg/L噴施處理時較為明顯。Different varieties of Oncidium were cultured in 4 various growth medium, the variety Gower Ramsey ‘427’ showed higher root activity 1.63 O.D./g in mixed medium. When the plant cultured in Oasis and matured, the pseudobulb had more total soluble sugars and starch content 48.5% and 17.8% respectively. The flowering quality was better, inflorescence with more branch 7.2 and florets 88.9. Root activity of Gower Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’ ranges from 1.86 - 1.99 O.D./g don''t obvious significantly among 4 growth medium. When plant cultured in rockwool and matured, the total soluble sugars and starch content in pseudobulb were 45.1% and 35.5% respectively, which higher than other treatments. Flowering quality was also better when plant cultured in rockwool, sphagnum moss and Oasis than in mixed medium, especially in rockwool with inflorescence branches 10.2, florets 128.7 and stalk length 76 cm, respectively. Root activity of Honey Angel was higher 1.88 O.D./g when plant cultured in rockwool. The total soluble sugars and starch content of pseudobulb, which were 55.4% and 23.7% respectively, had higher when plant cultured in rockwool and matured. The flowering quality were better when plant cultured in rockwool and Oasis medium, inflorescence branch 9.3, florets 117.4 and stalk length 93.7 cm, respectively. Different varieties of Oncidium during various growth stages, the result of nutrient composition on plant nutrient variation indicate that, for Gower Ramsey ‘427’, the pseudobulb at unsheathing stages contain higher N, P, K, Fe, which were 2.01%, 1.24%, 2.02% and 48.25 mg/L, respectively. At harvest stage, there had higher Mg, Cu, Mn and Zn, which were 0.38%, 2.04 mg/L, 10.72 mg/L and 9.72 mg/L, respectively. Total soluble sugar content was higher 43.14% at unsheathing stage. For Gower Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’, the pseudobulb at unsheathing stages had higher N, P, K content, which corresponds to 2.33%, 1.35% and 1.57%, respectively. At harvest stage, there were higher Ca 1.73% and Mg 0.39%. Total soluble sugar and starch content at unsheathing stage were higher than other stages, which corresponds to 38.3% and 25.26%. For Honey Angel, the pseudobulb at unsheathing stage had higher N, P, and Mn content, which corresponds to 2.08%, 1.30% and 12.65 mg/L, respectively. At mature pseudobulb stage, K content was 2.07%, higher than other stages. At harvest stage, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn content, which corresponds to 2.09%, 0.33%, 7.17 mg/L and 9.43 mg/L, respectively. Total soluble sugar and starch content were higher at unsheathing stage, which were 45.32% and 28.29%, respectively. The result of kinetin sprayed treatments showed that Gower Ramsey ‘427’ had better quality of inflorescence at 100 mg/L sprayed. The inflorescence branch and florets number were 9.8 and 117.5, respectively. The phenomenon was similarly with Growth Ramsey ‘Volcano Queen’ and Honey Angel. For the three kind of Oncidium varieties that sprayed 50-200 mg/L kinetin, the calcium content of labellum all increased significant to 3203-3945 mg/L than the contrast treatment. And, the electrolytes leakage, ethylene production and carbon dioxide of labellum tissue was lower than the control at development stages of floret, especially in kinetin 100 mg/L.中文摘要 i 英文摘要 ii 目錄 iv 圖目次 vi 表目次 ix 緒論 1 第一章、前人研究 4 第二章、不同栽培介質對文心蘭生育之影響 一、中文摘要 44 二、英文摘要 45 三、前言 46 四、材料與方法 47 五、結果 53 六、討論 58 第三章、養液成分對文心蘭不同生育期植體養分之變化 一、中文摘要 81 二、英文摘要 82 三、前言 83 四、材料與方法 85 五、結果 90 六、討論 95 第四章、Kinetin噴施對文心蘭開花品質之影響 一、中文摘要 111 二、英文摘要 112 三、前言 113 四、材料與方法 115 五、結果 119 六、討論 123 結論 143 參考文獻 145 附錄 15

Effect of Kinetin and Calcium on Growth and Flowering Quality of Oncidium ''Gower Ramsey''

以文心蘭‘Gower Ramsey’為試驗材料，探討kinetin噴施和鈣肥施用的處理，對植株營養器官之生育與花序品質和生理變化的影響，以期改善文心蘭切花之開花品質。 不同鈣源的試驗中，以硝酸鈣為鈣源的處理對切花品質較好，包括有較長的花莖長，同時也有較多的分叉數和總花苞數；而以氯化鈣為鈣源的處理，其蕊柱和唇瓣會有顯著較高的全可溶性糖含量。 以kinetin行噴施處理可以顯著的提高文心蘭‘ Gower Ramsey’之花序品質，包括增加其花序上之分叉數和總花苞數，其中又以kinetin 100 ppm行噴施處理時可得到最佳之切花品質；kinetin之噴施處理亦維持葉片內有較高的葉綠素含量；以假球莖而言，在kinetin行噴施處理後其假球莖內的全可溶性糖含量會明顯的大量下降，澱粉含量則有顯著的增加。 施用鈣肥300 ppm並配合kinetin 100 ppm的噴施可提高文心蘭‘Gower Ramsey’的花序品質，包括增加其花序上之分叉數和總花苞數；鈣肥300 ppm的施用可使蕊柱和唇瓣內的全可溶性糖含量增加，以及小花梗內的澱粉含量亦會提高，且亦可提高唇瓣內的鈣含量。 鈣肥300 ppm的施用可增加假球莖的厚度、鮮重、乾重，且提高假球莖和葉片內的全可溶性糖含量；施用鈣肥 300 ppm並配合kinetin 50~200 ppm噴施可使葉片中維持著較高的葉綠素含量；且會使假球莖和葉片的全可溶性糖含量減少，以及造成假球莖內的澱粉含量大量的增加。在植體元素分析上，施用鈣肥 300 ppm並配合kinetin 50~200 ppm噴施可明顯提高假球莖內的鈣含量，而氮、鉀、鎂含量則有下降的現象。This studies were conducted through kinetin spraying and Ca fertilizer addition to pursue the growth of vegetative organs and inflorescence quality and its effect in physiological change by using Oncidium ‘Gower Ramsey', and moreover improve the flowering quality of Oncidium cut flower. Among various Ca fertilizers treatments, use Ca(NO3)2 as Ca fertilizer to treat had better inflorescence quality including higher total floret number and longer flower stalk length and more branching number. In CaCl2 as Ca fertilizer to treat, total soluble sugar content was obvious higher in column and labellum than that of other Ca fertilizers treatments. Kinetin spraying could obvious increase inflorescence quality of Oncidium ‘Gower Ramsey' including flower stalk branching number and total floret number of inflorescence. Kinetin 100 ppm spraying worked best on quality of cut flowers among all of the concentration treatments. Kinetin spraying could maintained high level of leaf chlorophyll content, obvious increased starch content and obvious decreased total soluble sugar content of pseudobulb. The mixture treatment of calcium 300 ppm fertilizer supplied with kinetin 100 ppm spraying could also promote the inflorescence quality of Oncidium ‘Gower Ramsey' in which included flower stalk branching number and total floret number of inflorescence. Supplying Ca 300 ppm fertilizer only could obvious increased total soluble sugar content of both column and labellum, starch content of pedicel, and also calcium content of labellum. Calcium 300 ppm supplied could obvious increase the thickness, fresh weight, dry weight of pseudobulb and could obvious increase total soluble sugar content of both pseudobulb and vegetative leaves. Calcium 300 ppm supplied with kinetin 50-200ppm spraying could maintain high level of leaf chlorophyll content, however, it would reduce total soluble sugar content of both pseudobulb and vegetative leaves and would increase starch content of pseudobulb significantly. In plant element analysis, Ca 300 ppm fertilizer supplied with kinetin 50-200 ppm spraying could increase Ca content of pseudobulb significantly, however, N, K, and Mg content of that decreased.目 錄 壹、前言…………………………………………………1 貳、前人研究……………………………………………3 參、材料方法……………………………………………29 肆、結果…………………………………………………37 伍、討論…………………………………………………82 陸、中文摘要……………………………………………89 柒、英文摘要……………………………………………90 捌、參考文獻……………………………………………91 玖、附錄…………………………………………………10