Study on Vegetation Ecology in Kinmen

金門地處中國福建省東南方廈門灣內，西距廈門外港約10 km，東與台灣相隔約277 km，其緯度約與台中相當，屬於典型的大陸性島嶼。本研究之目的在進行植物種類清單調查及植群之分析，總計設立125個樣區，並記錄維管束植物119科399屬603種，其中臺灣可能不產者有57種，佔植物總數9.3％，列為稀有者有32種，並描述其型態特徵、分布及干擾狀況。本區植物社會根據矩陣群團分析之結果，可區分為19型：其中屬於原始植被者計有黃荊型、潺槁樹—朴樹型、小葉桑型、榕樹型、沙楠子型、銀合歡型、雀榕—相思樹型、馬尾松型；而為人工林地者有相思樹型、榔榆型、樟樹型、臺灣白蠟樹型、木麻黃型、楓香型、檸檬桉型、琉球松型、臺灣欒樹型、大葉合歡型、濕地松型。 物種歧異度分析顯示，各林型之4種歧異度指數差異甚大，以均勻度指數來看，本區植物社會多在0.6-0.8之間，顯示本區植物社會歧異度已達某一水準之上，且大多處於發育穩定成熟之階段。與臨近各地區之植物相似性分析，以福建地區相似性程度最高，其次為臺灣地區、海南島，最低者為琉球地區。綜合本研究調查之結果，金門地區以人工造林地為主，其中又以木麻黃、相思樹所佔面積最廣，若造林木適應不良，出現樹勢衰弱、死亡、更新不良時，未來將被原生樹種所取代；天然植被僅在人為破壞較少之地，尚保留著小面積且較少破壞之植群。Kinmen is located within the Siamen Bay of Fujian Province in China. To the west, at a distance of about 10 km, is the Siamen outport. To the east, at a distance of 277 km, is Taiwan. The islands lie at the same latitude with Taichung and belong to typical continental islands. The objective of this study is to perform an inventory of plant species and vegetation analysis. This study set up 125 sampling plots. In the vascular plant inventory, there are 199 families, 399 genera, 603 species among which 57 species may not exist in Taiwan and account for 9.3% of total. The 32 species of total are rare. Their morphological structures, distribution, and disturbance situations were described. According to the matrix cluster analysis (MCA), the vegetation can be classified into 19 types: Vitex negundo type, Litsea glutinosa-Celtis sinensis type, Ficus microcarpa type, Morus australis type, Celtis biondii type, Leucaena leucocephala type, Ficus superba-Acacia confusa type, and Pinus massoniana type were native vegetation. Acacia confusa type, Ulmus parvifolia type, Cinnamomum camphora type, Fraxinus griffithii type, Casuarina equisetifolia type, Liquidambar formosana type, Eucalyptus citriodora type,. Pinus luchuensis type, Koelreuteria henryi type, Albizia lebbeck type, and Pinus elliottii type were plantations. In the species diversity analysis, the four indexes of each type were different apparently. The evenness index was about 0.6-0.8. This meant the period was steady and mature. Comparing the plant similarity with nearby regions, the highest similarity was located on the Fujian region; the second similarity was Taiwan and Hainan; the lowest was Ryukyu. The results of this study was showed the plantations which mostly were Casuarina equisetfolia and Acacia confuse were main forest types in Kinmen. If the plantations become maladjustment, weak, death, and poor regeneration that will be replace by native plants in the future. Native vegetation was distributed merely in the place that was less artificial destruction. These location still keep small areas and less destroy vegetation.目 錄 I 圖 目 次 II 中文摘要 V 英文摘要 VI 壹、前言 1 貳、前人研究 3 參、研究區概況 5 肆、研究方法及步驟 11 伍、結果與討論 24 一、植物資源 24 二、蕨類商數 27 三、環境因子分析 28 四、植群分析 31 五、族群結構分析 57 六、物種歧異度分析 61 七、植物相似性分析 63 八、稀有植物評估 65 陸、結論與建議 74 柒、參考文獻 77 附錄一、金門地區植物名錄及與鄰近區共有植物一覽表 82 附錄二、金門地區125個植物社會環境因子紀錄表 100 附錄三、極點分布序列各軸座標與不適合度 10

主動式平衡台

[[abstract]]在現代社會中，宅配以及快遞都成為生活中不可或缺的一部分，由於宅配與快遞的普及化，每天送的貨物相對也越來越多，在送貨的途中，往往會因為貨物的不平衡導致貨物倒塌而造成交通意外，即使運送前做過詳細的檢查，在運送中也會因為路面顛簸使貨物倒塌，如果能在貨物傾斜時就能感應到，來對貨物做一個恢復平衡的動作，相信就能夠避免意外的發生。 此次製作了兩組平衡台，分別為步進馬達套組與伺服馬達套組，其平衡台為雙軸式，在內圈與外圈安裝馬達在X軸與Y軸，並於平台中心安裝三軸傾斜模組。最後將兩組平衡台進行比較其速度與差異性

學生社團參與及發展概況之初探 -以某科技大學為例

[[abstract]]動，甚至感到灰心低落，因而影響社團幹部成員無心繼續經營，逐漸失去信心，最後面臨倒社的狀況。 三、社團的活躍程度各社團皆不同，普遍由康樂性較為活潑，其次為體育性社團，也因活動及表演機會多，因此較容易吸引社員加入，在辦理各項活動時社員參與意願高於其他屬性社團

定時定量自動餵食器

[[abstract]]現代人生活腳步極快，凡事希望自動化或來便利自己的生活，連飼養寵物也不例外，若是能從每天早晚各餵食一次變成一段時間補充飼料到餵食器裡，那就很令人動心了，而且餵食器又能定時定量，可以保護寵物的健康這會是許多飼主所樂意見到。 本組所製作的定時定量餵食器，其製作動機是來自於家中有養殖觀賞魚，然而在飼養的過程中因工作繁忙或出遠門無法將自己所養的寵物按時的餵食，如果寄放在朋友或寵物店裡委託人照顧，多少一定會有金錢上的負擔，如長期累積下來帳單也是一筆龐大的費用。我們以這為出發點想出一個是否可以解決無人照顧寵物時讓牠們不至於挨餓的方法，因此啟發了我們想製作一個定時又定量的器具來滿足寵物的口腹之慾

公共無線網路-模擬Evil Twins

[[abstract]]二十一世紀,為無線網路蓬勃發展的時代,台灣政府不斷地推動無線網路城市計畫,許多公眾地點如機場、火車站、麥當勞…,都已經有提供無線網路,使每個人更方便使用網際網路。 隨著無線網路設備成本的降低以及相關無線應用服務的普及,許多企業都紛紛建置無線網路系統,藉由無線網路相互連結的方便性與行動優勢,來提升企業員工的工作效率。不過也因為使用上的方便所造成的疏忽,加上先天上存在的一些弱點,使得無線網路容易被惡意駭客所利用,而產生了危害資訊安全的問題

Research and Development of Biopesticide in Supporting the Related Industrial Development (II)

本研究計畫主要目的在於以群體團隊力量發展生物農藥資源與專門技術,建立標的微生物製劑及其附加產品之量產與製劑系統,以支持並強化台灣本土性生物農藥產業的發展;在未來一年半計畫中擬進行之工作,大致有下列四項: 1. 病害防治用微生物及天然物配方之發展應用, 2. 真菌性殺蟲劑之發展應用, 3. 蟲生真菌綠殭菌(Nomuraea riley)之發展應用, 4. 建立黑殭菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)孢子自動分離及收集系統以供真菌性殺蟲劑之製作應用.擬發展之標的微生物包括Streptomyces sioyaensis PMS 502分離株、Gliocladium virens G8分離株、Trichoderma spp. YT3分離株、Pseudomonas putida YLFP14分離株、Verticillium lecanii、N. rileyi及M. anisopliae之MA-805與MA-126分離株.在量產含放線菌等標的拮抗細菌方面,將建立生產以休眠狀態菌體或含抗生物質培養液為主的液態發酵標準生產流程;針對標的真菌菌株之生產方面,二階段半固態發酵法將用以生產真菌之分生孢子,並進一步發展此些孢子之收集系統與劑型之改良,擬發展之劑型包括粉劑、乳劑及噴霧乾燥之粒劑,另一方面,篩選增強標的微生物製劑生物活性或延長其櫥架壽命之添加劑或方法亦為本研究計畫發展重點,此些試做產品樣本均將經生物活性、安定性以及所預期在田間實際施用之保護效果等測試.過去兩年來,本研究團隊部份研究成果中,已成功研發兩項病害防治用微生物製劑劑型,並已經農委會將建立好之技術移轉給2家國內私人產業進行商業化量產,在所擬具的未來延續工作中,發展成功一至二項可供技術移轉產業應用之生物農藥劑型將為吾人繼續努力之主要目標.The main objectives of this proposed team effort is to develop the resources and knowhows, and to establish ready-to-spin-off biotechniques and mass production and formulation systems to support and enforce the industrial biopesticide development in Taiwan. The proposed works to be carried out in the coming year are organized into four parts: 1. Development and practical application of microbial and natural products as disease control agents; 2. Development and practical application of fungal insecticides; 3. Development and practical application of green muscardine fungus Nomuraea rileyi; and 4. Establishment of automated spore separation and collection system for production of Metarhizium anisopliae as mycoinsecticides. The targeted microbial organisms include Streptomyces sioyaensis PMS 502 isolate, Gliocladium virens isolate G8, Trichoderma spp. isolate YT3, Pseudomonas putida isolate YLFP14, Verticillium lecanii, N. rileyi, M. anisopliae isolates MA-805 and MA-126. For the mass production of bacterial isolates (include the actinomycete members), standard operation protocol (SOP) for the liquid fermentation production of the resting stage biomass and/or antibiotic-metabolite-containing culture broth will be established. For the targeted fungal isolates, the semi-solid fermentation system will be established for the production of reproductive fungal spores; and the system for spore collection and formulation will be extensively explored. The attempted formulation includes powder, emulsion and spray-dried granules. Additives and methodologies effective in enhancing the biological activity of, and/or extending the shelf-life of the attempted product are both to be extensively explored subjects. All the attempted sample product will be tested for the biological activity, the stability, and as well the expected plant protection performance in practical application. During the past 2 years, efforts from part of this work team have successfully developed 2 biopesticide formulations useful for disease control. And the established techniques have been transferred to 2 local private enterprises for commercialization. In the continued effort proposed, additional 1 to 2 biopesticide formulation ready for technique transfer to private industry are the prime goal of the group effort