Studies on the Bulblet Micropropagation and Growth of Lilium hybridum Hort. cv. Casa Blanca

本研究使用東方型百合"Casablanca"(香水百合)鱗莖為材料探討鱗片組織 培養時培養基成份對鱗莖增殖的效果，以及組織培養球的休眠和肥培技術 ，以改善鱗莖的培育技術。試驗結果顯示香水百合小鱗片的繼代培養中， 以鱗片垂直插入培養基的方式，有利於鱗莖的形成與肥大，並可避免癒傷 組織的形成。在MS鹽類濃度上，全量之MS鹽類濃度較1/4 MS具有促進培殖 體的發育及鱗莖形成的作用。以全量MS培養基添加 0.1 mg/l NAA、 0.01~0.05 mg/l BA及3~8 %蔗糖時香水百合之小鱗片有較佳之發育結果。 NAA濃度高於 0.1 mg/l時促進根部及癒合組織的分化；在0.1-1 mg/l低濃 度NAA下加入高濃度BA(0.5 mg/l)會抑制小鱗莖的發育。添加1-10mg/l的 kinetin促進培殖小鱗片的增殖鱗片數，但抑制鱗莖的肥大及根的生長。 培養基內添加ancymidol 會促進鱗莖數的增加並抑制鱗莖肥大，且產生的 鱗莖均沒有休眠的現象；低濃度 ancymidol（0.5-2 mg/l）刺激葉片形成 ，高濃度(4 mg/l）反有抑制作用。蔗糖濃度影響鱗莖發育，低於 2%或高 於 8%蔗糖濃度均抑制小鱗片的分化，在 3%- 8%蔗糖濃度下，發生的葉片 數隨蔗糖濃度的增加而減少，唯高蔗糖濃度(8%)可促進鱗莖的肥大。鱗莖 休眠以田間栽培之鱗莖最深，須10週 4℃之低溫才能打破休眠，組織培養 之鱗莖次之需6-8週，鱗片繁殖之鱗莖僅需四週低溫處理即有90%的萌芽率 。栽培介質對組織培養鱗莖肥培之影響，以蛇木屑及泥碳苔加蛇木屑最佳 ，其鱗莖的肥大及葉片的發育均優於其他介質，泥碳苔次之，而以泥碳苔 加"根源"最差。種植深度以覆土與鱗莖平至覆土 1公分厚較佳，增加覆土 深度僅使葉片的葉柄長度增加，對鱗莖的肥大並無明顯的作用。The purpose of this study was to develop an effective method of micropropagation of Lilium oriental hybrid 〝Casablanca〞 through tissue culture. The effects of low-temperature treatment for breaking bulb dormancy and the application of planting medium for culturing bulbs obtained from tissue culture were also evaluated. Experimental results showed that full strength of MS inorganic salts promoted the development of explants and the formation of the bulbs. The addition of 0.1 mg/l NAA, 0.01-0.05 mg/l BA, and 3-8% sucrose was beneficial to the in vitro growth of the bulbs. NAA exhibited the effects of root and callus differentiation at concentrations higher than 0.1 mg/l. The growth of the bulbs was inhibited when 0.5mg/l BA was added to the medium containing NAA. Ancymidol, which possesses the characteristics of inhibiting bulb enlargement, stimulated the formation of 0.5-2.0mg.l ancymidol but exhibited a negative effect on leaf differentiation at high concentrations. The resulted bulbs showed no symptom of dormancy. The supplement of kinetin (1-10mg/l) to the medium increased the number of bulb scales produced but decreased the enlargement of the bulbs and the growth of the root. A sucrose concentration lower than 2% or higher than 8% was unfavorable to the different- iation of scales. Leaf number differentiated decreased as sucrose concentration in the medium increased within the range from 3% to 8%. However, high sucrose concentration (8%) promoted the enlargement of the bulbs. The duration of low-temperature (4℃) treatment needed to break dormancy was 10 weeks for bulbs obtained from the field, 6-8 weeks for bulbs produced from tissue culture , and only 4 weeks for bulbs originated from the scales propagation. For outdoor planting, the use of fern tree powder as culture medium was better than peatmoss and others, in terms of bulb enlargement and leaf growth