Mn-based oxides anode materials of lithium ion battery: synthesis, property and the mechanism of conversion reactions studied by XAFS

虽然锂离子电池被广泛应用于移动电话、笔记本电脑及便携式电子等设备， 但远不能满足电动汽车等大型移动设备的需求。发展高能量、高功率和高安全的 电极材料成为研究前沿。由于较高的理论比容量、储量丰富、环保、对锂电位低、 原料廉价等优点，锰基过渡金属氧化物成为新型高容量锂离子电池负极材料的研 究热点。然而，电导率较低及储锂过程中体积效应较大，导致电化学反应动力学 缓慢，比容量较低，循环性能和倍率性能较差。本论文主要从电池材料的结构设 计入手，合成出分级、核壳、空心等多种结构的锰基氧化物，缓解其储锂过程中 的体积效应，显著提高电化学性能。另一方面，运用X光吸收光谱(XAFS)研究 锰基氧...Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in mobile phones, portable electronic devices, and notebook computers, while could hardly fulfill the growing demands of fast development of electric vehicles. Therefore, it ’s very significant to explore and develop batteries with higher specific energy. Manganese oxides, as one kind of transition metal oxides, have a high theoretical specific capacity...学位：工学博士院系专业：能源学院_能源化工学号：3242013015403

The Analysis of the Trade Competitiveness of China in East Asian Regional Economy

当今世界，区域经济一体化已成为国际经济发展最引人注目的趋势之一。东亚作为世界经济中最具活力的区域之一，其区域经济合作的进程自上世纪90年代末金融危机后开始明显加快。以东盟和中日韩为基础的“10+3”合作机制在此背景下应运而生，并取得了初步成果。对于中国的对外贸易发展而言，这既是机遇又是挑战。中国需要明确目前自己在区域经济中的贸易竞争力水平，以便针对性地制定相关贸易发展战略，促进自身经济贸易的发展，并推动东亚区域经济的深入合作。 本文借鉴生态学中的生态位理论提出了“国家贸易生态位”的概念，试图从不同的角度对中国在东亚区域经济中的贸易竞争力进行评价和分析，希望对中国提升自身贸易竞争力及参与东亚区...In the nowadays world, regional economic integration has become one of the most remarkable trends in the international economy development. As one of the most dynamic areas in the world economy, the process of East Asian economic integration has accelerated evidently after the financial crisis in the 90’s. In this situation, the “10 + 3” cooperation mechanism based on ASEAN, China, Japan and ROK e...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_国际贸易学学号：1572012115184

紫杉醇囊泡的研制及大鼠体内的药动学特征

目的制备紫杉醇囊泡,对其进行表征,进一步研究其在大鼠体内的药动学特征及组织分布情况。方法以司盘(Span)和胆固醇(CH)为主要膜材,用薄膜分散法制备紫杉醇囊泡,采用正交实验进行处方优化,用透射电镜考察其形态和构造,用激光粒度仪测定囊泡的粒径大小和ζ电位,按7.5,15,30mg·kg-13个剂量大鼠颈静脉给药后检测一定时间点的血药浓度,对照为15mg·kg-1的紫杉醇注射液。结果紫杉醇囊泡的平均粒径为(157±16)nm,冻干后紫杉醇囊泡的平均粒径为(189±23)nm;冻干后的紫杉醇囊泡在贮存6个月的时间内包封率没有明显变化,粒径略有增大。紫杉醇囊泡相对于紫杉醇注射液体内半衰期显著延长,生物利用度提高;组织分布结果显示明显的肝脾靶向性。结论成功研制了紫杉醇囊泡,囊泡有望成为紫杉醇新的剂型

组蛋白H3的22个赖氨酸去甲基化酶对胎鼠棕色脂肪细胞分化的调控作用

目的探索胎鼠棕色脂肪细胞分化过程中组蛋白H3赖氨酸残基位点H3k4，H3k9，H3k27，H3k36的22种去甲基化酶的调控作用，为棕色脂肪细胞分化研究提供理论基础。方法收集怀孕时间为E13.5~E19.5 d的小鼠胚胎，每个时间点至少取3只胎鼠。取肩胛间区棕色脂肪，进行HE染色，镜下观察棕色脂肪细胞的分化情况。Realtime RT-qPCR法检测随着小鼠胚胎的发育成熟，棕色脂肪标志基因Ucp1、Cidea、Prdml6及脂肪细胞分化基因Pparγ的表达情况和棕色脂肪中组蛋白H3的22种赖氨酸去甲基化酶的基因表达情况。Westen blot法检测棕色脂肪组织中Ucp1的蛋白表达。结果最早在E14.5 d的胎鼠背部肩胛间区观察到棕色脂肪组织；E18.5 d胎鼠棕色脂肪细胞中出现光镜下可见的脂滴。与E15.5 d相比，Ucp1、Cidea、Prdm16及Pparγ的表达升高（P<0.05）；Ucp1的蛋白表达增加（P<0.05）。与E15.5 d相比，H3k4的去甲基化酶中，Jarid1a、Jarid1b、Jarid1d、Lsd1基因表达减少（P＜0.05），Jarid1c表达差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。在H3k9的去甲基化酶中，Jmjd2a、Jmjd2b、Jmjd2c、Phf2、Jmjd1c、Jhdm2a基因表达减少（P＜0.05）；Phf8、Jhdm2b、Jmjd2d基因表达增加（P＜0.05），MINA表达差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。在H3k36的去甲基化酶中，Jmjd4、Jmjd5、Jhdm1b表达减少（P＜0.05），Jhdm1a表达增加（P＜0.05）。在H3k27的去甲基化酶中，Jmjd3、Utx、Jhdm1d表达增加（P＜0.05）。结论在小鼠胚胎期棕色脂肪细胞的分化过程中，H3k4和H3k36去甲基化酶主要表现为基因表达下调，H3k9和H3k27去甲基化酶部分基因表达上调，这些去甲基化酶构成以转录激活和转录延长为主要效应的复杂调控网络

基于内毒素血症探讨皂术茵陈方对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的影响

目的 基于内毒素血症探讨皂术茵陈方防治非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)大鼠的影响及其作用机制。方法 采用随机数字表法将40只大鼠分为5组,即正常组、模型组、皂术茵陈方组、盐酸吡格列酮组及培菲康组,每组8只。除正常组外,其余32只大鼠采用高脂饮食16周建立大鼠NASH模型,在造模第9周开始,皂术茵陈方组给予皂术茵陈方水提液60 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,盐酸吡格列酮组给予盐酸吡格列酮10 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,培菲康组给予培菲康210 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,正常组及模型组均给予双蒸水10 mL/(kg·d)灌胃,共治疗8周。第16周末经腹主动脉取血,生化法检测肝组织甘油三酯(TG)水平,苏木精—伊红(HE)染色观察肝组织病理学变化。终点显色法检测血浆内毒素(LPS)含量。ELISA法检测肝组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6等炎症因子的表达水平。结果 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织显示出典型的NASH组织学特征,出现重度脂肪变性,不同程度的炎细胞浸润和坏死灶。大鼠肝湿重、肝指数、肝脏TG含量、血浆LPS水平、肝组织TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6等炎症因..

面向深度学习芯片的系统容器封装技术

https://dh.howard.edu/hilltop_0010/1507/thumbnail.jp

In-situ FT-IR spectroscopic characterization of interfacial reactions of Sn-Co alloy film electrode

锂离子电池的界面反应对电池的循环性能、寿命、化学和物理稳定性,以及不可逆容量有重要的影响.运用显微傅里叶变换红外光谱(MICrOSCOPE fTIrS,MfTIrS)深入地研究了Sn-CO电极的界面反应和过程.结果表明,原位显微傅里叶变换红外光谱可清楚地给出Sn-CO合金的嵌锂和脱锂过程中的溶剂化和去溶剂化信息.Interfacial reactions of lithium ion battery(LIB) are the key factors influencing the cycling ability,life time,chemical and physical stability and reversible capacity of a LIB.The interfacial reactions and processes of a Sn-Co electrode were studied by using a microscope FTIRS(MFTIRS).The results demonstrate that the processes of lithium insertion/extraction can be well-characterized by in-situ microscope FTIR spectroscopy through the solvation/desolvation effects.国家大学生创新性实验计划资助项目(0910384020

Population genetic structure of Pneumatophorus japonicus in the Taiwan Strait

以往研究表明,台湾海峡的鲐鱼分属2个地理种群,即东海种群和闽南——粤东地方种群。为研究这2个种群的遗传结构,对鲐鱼闽东(30尾)和闽南(30尾)种群进行了AflP分析,8对选择性引物在2个种群60个个体中,共扩增出497个位点,其中多态位点343个。闽东和闽南种群的多态位点比例、nEI遗传多样性指数和SHAnnOn遗传多样性指数分别为57.75%、64.59%,0.1779、0.2123,0.2725和0.3228,2个种群的遗传多样性处于同一水平。与其他鱼类对比显示,台湾海峡鲐鱼种群的遗传多样性水平高。生境广及生命周期短被认为是台湾海峡鲐鱼具有较高遗传变异水平的原因;基因分化系数gST、SHAnnOn遗传多样性指数和AMOVA分析均显示鲐鱼的遗传变异主要来源于种群内,而种群间无明显的遗传分化。nM显示2个种群间基因交流频繁。种群的显性基因型频率分布显示2个种群有基本相同的种群遗传结构。结果表明,鲐鱼闽东和闽南种群间无明显的遗传差异。幼体较强的扩散能力、海洋环流及洄游特性可能是造成台湾海峡鲐鱼种群间遗传同质性较高的原因。The chub mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus distributes in Indo-Pacific Oceans and occurs along coastal waters of China,including the East China,South China and Yellow Seas.With the fishery collapses of the three top commercial marine fishes(the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea,the little yellow croaker P.polyactis and the largehead hairtail Trichiurus lepturus),the fishery of P.japonicus has become important since the 1980s.Based on the migration pattern,morphological and biological characteristics,and tagging experiment,two populations of P.japonicus were initially identified in the Taiwan Strait,i.e.the East China Sea population in eastern Fujian and population in Southern Fujian-Estern Guangdong.Knowledge on population structure is essential for developing fisheries management and conservation measures.In this study,specimens of P.japonicus were sampled from eastern and southern Fujian waters in 2009—2010,with total lengths of 204.7—300.2 mm(n=30) and 214.1—311.5 mm(n=30),respectively.Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) was used to analyze the genetic diversity and variation of the East China Sea and Southern Fujian-Estern Guangdong populations in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters.AFLP bands were scored for presence(1) or absence(0) and transformed into 0/1 binary character matrix.AMOVA was performed in Arlequin 3.1.Number of polymorphic loci,Nei genetic diversity,Shannon genetic diversity index,genetic similarity and genetic distance between populations,coefficient of gene differentiations(Gst),gene flow(Nm) and dominant gene frequency were conducted in POPGENE 1.31.A total of 497 loci ranging in size from 100 bp to 1000 bp were detected from 60 specimens of P.japonicus based on eight primer combinations,of which 343 were polymorphic;however,no population specific band was found.The number of bands per primer combination varied from 50 to 81 and the polymorphic bands per primer combination ranged from 60.00% to 94.29%.The proportion of polymorphic loci,the Nei genetic diversity and Shannon genetic diversity index had no significant difference(P>0.05) between the two populations with 57.75%,0.1779 and 0.2725 in eastern Fujian waters,and 64.59%,0.2123 and 0.3228 in southern Fujian waters,respectively.The Gst value,Shannon genetic diversity index and AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variation mainly existed among individuals within population.Nm showed the frequent gene flow between the two populations.Dominant gene frequency revealed that both populations had a similar genetic structure.This study reveals that the genetic diversity of the two initially proposed populations is at the same level.We propose that the stocks of P.japonicus in the Taiwan Strait belong to the same population.Further studies using co-dominant markers are needed for a better understanding of the population genetics of P.japonicus.The genetic diversity of P.japonicus in the Taiwan Strait is considerably higher than some commercially important marine fishes in coastal waters of China,such as the Hong Kong grouper Epinephelus akaara,Yellow drum Nibea albiflora,Barfin flounder Verasper moseri and Silver pomfret Pampus argenteus.Wide distribution and short reproductive cycle may contribute to high genetic diversity of P.japonicus.Annual migrations and larval drift in the ocean currents can explain the genetic homogeneity in the studied areas.Currently,the fishery of P.japonicus in southern Fujian waters remains stable;however,it shows a decline in eastern Fujian waters.Therefore,timely and effective management can ensure the sustainable use of P.japonicus wild stocks in China.福建省科技计划项目(2007I0005