青少年血糖的现况调查及影响因素分析

目的调查青少年学生血糖的总体情况及不同年龄段青少年的血糖水平,分析青少年血糖水平的影响因素。方法以1 449名年龄12～18岁中学学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集基本信息,并进行体格检查和和生化检查,收集In Body人体成分仪检测结果,比较分析不同体重指数水平、不同体脂比、不同的胰岛素水平和睾酮水平对血糖的影响。结果空腹血糖≥5. 6 mmol/L学生14例,检出率1. 0%,没有1例空腹血糖≥7. 0 mmol/L;男生空腹血糖水平较女生高(P <0. 05);不同年龄段空腹血糖水平有一定差异(P <0. 001),空腹血糖水平与空腹胰岛素水平有相关性;在多因素线性回归分析中,青少年总体中年龄、睾酮、性别对血糖水平的影响均有统计学意义(P <0. 05),其中睾酮水平越高,血糖值越低,但在青少年女生中,只有年龄对血糖水平的影响具有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论在普通青少年人群中血糖异常的检出率低;在青少年中,年龄、总睾酮及胰岛素水平对血糖有不同的影响,青少年男生中总睾酮水平与空腹血糖呈负相关关系

Rigging and Fabricating Creative Characters

创造力支持的造型技术常用于辅助普通用户的开放式造型过程.针对现有的大多数创造力支持的造型技术针对静止物体造型而设计,无法造型动态模型的问题,提出; 一种造型动态模型的技术,其造型结果是已蒙皮并可直接三维打印的模型.该技术分为模型进化与应用2个阶段.在模型进化阶段,用户从数据库内选择一组绑定的; 模型,迭代地产生一代代新模型,作为建议提示给用户,以激发灵感;在应用阶段,用户选择感兴趣的模型用于动画编辑与三维打印.实验结果表明,文中技术将造; 型、动画编辑与面向三维打印的模型分析集成至统一的框架,极大地帮助了用户的创意建模过程.Creative modeling techniques are commonly used to assist novice users in; open-ended 3D content creation. Most existing creative modeling methods; are mainly designed to model static objects only, not appropriate to; model dynamic models. We present a method for modeling dynamic creative; models which are rigged and fabricatable. There are two stages: models; evolution and application. During the models evolution stage, the users; select a small set of skinned watertight objects, our technique; iteratively synthesizes new creative characters for users to explore.; During the application stage, the users can choose those of interest for; animation or fabrication directly. Experiments demonstrate that the; proposed technique unifies modeling, animation and fabrication together,; facilitating the creative design process.国家自然科学基金; 国家科技支撑计划课

Determination of fungicide anilinopyrimidine residues in food by series solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

建立了食品中嘧啶胺类杀菌剂嘧霉胺、嘧菌胺及嘧菌环胺残留的串联固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(HPlC-MS/MS)检测方法。胡萝卜、辣椒等样品经乙酸乙酯提取,石墨化炭黑-弗罗里硅藻土串联固相萃取柱(EnVI-CArb-flOrISIl SPE)净化后,在HPlC-MS/MS仪上进行检测分析,采用外标法定量。质谱分析采用电喷雾电离,正离子扫描,多反应监测模式。结果表明,柱净化后无明显的基质效应,嘧霉胺、嘧菌胺和嘧菌环胺在1~20μg/l内相关系数可达0.999 0以上,具有良好的线性关系;每种杀菌剂选择两个离子对,其中一组用于定量:嘧霉胺M/z 200.1/107.1,嘧菌胺M/z 224.0/106.0及嘧菌环胺M/z 226.0/108.1;另一组用于确证:嘧霉胺M/z 200.1/183.1,嘧菌胺M/z 224.0/131.1和嘧菌环胺M/z 226.0/133.1。样品中添加0.1、0.5、1.0μg/kg的标准品,其回收率为73.2%~98.7%,相对标准偏差(n=10)小于10%;嘧霉胺、嘧菌胺、嘧菌环胺的检出限(信噪比(S/n)=3)均为0.03μg/kg;嘧霉胺、嘧菌胺、嘧菌环胺的定量限(S/n=10)均为0.1μg/kg。实验结果表明,该方法提取效果好,具有良好的灵敏度、回收率和重复性。A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the determination of fungicide anilinopyrimidine residues including pyrimethanil,mepanipyrim,and cyprodinil in foodstuffs with series solid phase extraction(SPE).The food sample was first extracted with ethyl acetate,and then purified by an ENVI-Carb cartridge and a Florisil SPE cartridge.The analytes were determined by HPLC-MS/MS and quantified by external standard method.The mass spectrometric detection was operated with electrospray in positive ionization mode and the fungicide anilinopyrimidines were identified in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode.The linear range of the method was 1-20 μg/L,with the correlation coefficient(r2) over 0.9990.The transitions of the precursor ions to two selected product ions were involved,in which one group for quantification were m/z 200.1/107.1 for pyrimethanil,m/z 224.0/106.0 for mepanipyrim and m/z 226.0/108.1 for cyprodinil,and the other group for identification were m/z 200.1/183.1 for pyrimethanil,m/z 224.0/131.1 for mepanipyrim and m/z 226.0/133.1 for cyprodinil,respectively.No significant matrix effect was found for spiked samples after the purification.The recoveries of the fungicide anilinopyrimidines spiked in food samples were 73.2%-98.7% at the spiked levels of 0.1,0.5,1.0 μg/kg.The relative standard deviations(RSDs) were less than 10%.The limits of detection(LODs) and limits of quantification(LOQs) were 0.03 μg/kg and 0.1 μg/kg for the three fungicides,respectively.The results showed that the proposed method is sensitive and accurate for the determination of fungicide anilinopyrimidines in foodstuffs.The method should be applicable for routine analysis of pyrimethanil,mepanipyrim,cyprodinil residues in foodstuffs.厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20092009、3502Z20102013);国家质检总局科技计划项目(2010IK192

Analysis of genetic variability of Castanopsis hystrix by rbcL gene sequences

通过PCR扩增得到10个红锥品系的rbcL基因全序列,均为1.513 kb.核苷酸序列比对结果表明,在256-1 455 bp区间10个红锥品系共有16处碱基发生变异,变异率为1%,其中在306 bp和634 bp处10个红锥品系较同属对照castanopsis lucida均发生相同的变异,可以看作属内进化信息碱基.对表达的氨基酸序列进行比对分析,发现16处碱基变异共引起8处氨基酸序列变异.The rbcL gene sequences of 10 assassin of Castanopsis lucida were analyzed by PCR,and sixteen mutations in 256-1 455 bp were found,the mutation ratio was 1 %.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,between 306 bp and 634 bp,they had two characteristic mutations of their own,so it was different from Castanopsis lucida.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,8 amino acid variations were found,caused by 16 point mutations.广西林业科学研究院国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金课题;; 兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602);; 甘肃省教育厅研究生导师基金( 0703-11)

Research Progress of Metal Material Liquid Forming Technology

随着汽车工业的迅速发展以及市场竞争对铸件质量要求的提高,推动了金属材料液态成型技术发展。从20世纪70年代压铸技术的广泛运用,到90年代挤压铸造技术的不断完善,随后挤压压铸技术不断创新,使液态成型技术向多学科渗透融合发展,应用领域不断拓展,铸件用量逐年上升。重点介绍了压铸、挤压铸造、挤压压铸这三种重要的成型技术发展以及取得的最新成果。With the rapid development of auto industry and the market competition on the increase of the requirement of the casting quality,the development of metal material liquid forming technology was promoted.From the extensive use of the die casting technology in the nineteen seventies to constant maturity of the 90's the squeeze casting technology,and then the continuous innovation of squeezing die casting,the liquid forming technology for multidisciplinary permeated and developed,application area continued to expand,and casting quantities increased year by year.The development and the latest achievements of three kinds of important forming technologies(die casting,squeezing casting and squeezing die casting) were mainly introduced.贵州省(贵阳市)工业攻关项目(黔科合GY字[2012]3004;筑科合同[2012101]2-13号

Protective Antigens from Virulent Isolates of Fusobacterium necrophorum FN(A)

通过胰蛋白酶裂解坏死梭杆菌FN(A)型毒力菌株菌体,分别以菌体裂解物上清和沉淀作为抗原免疫家兔制备血清。利用SDS-PAGE/Western-blot技术在菌体中筛选出4种具有免疫原性的组分,通过免疫后的攻毒试验,筛选出1种具有免疫保护性的抗原。抗原分离纯化后,进行N端氨基酸序列测定、免疫试验及生物学特性研究,据试验结果可初步判定该抗原为溶血素类似物或一种新发现的抗原物质。该抗原不仅能使机体产生保护性免疫反应,而且不同菌株中此种抗原间可产生明显的交叉免疫。A virulent isolate of the bacterium FN(A) was lysed with trypsin.Supernatants and precipitates of the bacterial lysates were used to prepare anti-FN serum by immunizing rabbits.Four immunogenic components were isolated using SDS-PAGE/Western-blot.Immunized rabbits were challenged,and one protective antigen was screened.After antigen isolation and purification,the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined and an immunological test and hemolysis test were performed.Results suggested that this antigen is either a hemolysin analogue or a new antigenic substance.The antigen was able to induce a protective immune response as well as generate a marked cross-immune reaction among different bacterial strains.国家科技部奶牛专项(2002BA518A04);; 中国农业科学院特产研究所科研基金项目(tcs-20041

In Situ FTIR Spectrocopic Investigations of 1,3-Butanediol Oxi dation on Sb and S Modified Pt Electrodes

运用电化学原位FTIR反射光谱研究了 1,3丁二醇在以Sb和S修饰的Pt电极上的氧化过程。结果表明Sb和S修饰都能抑制 1,3丁醇的解离吸附。红外数据指出Sb的存在使 1,3丁二醇氧化产物同时含有羰基物种和CO2 ,而S修饰的Pt电极上以羧酸物种为主。In the present paper,we studied the surface st ru cture effect of Pt electrode modified with antimony and sulfur adatoms towards 1 ,3-Butanediol oxidation.The results demonstrated that the modification of Sb an d S both inhibited the dissociative adsorption of 1,3-Butanediol into CO,which is the main source of self-poisoning in electrocatalysis of small organic molec ules.At lower potentials,the principal oxidation pathway of 1,3-Butanediol on P t/Sb ad electrode is towards the production of C=O.However,at higher potent ials,the products of CO 2 increased.The presence of S ad inhibited the ox idation of 1,3-BD at low potentials(0 8 V).国家自然基金!(2 99730 35)资

与南海西边界流有关的区域海洋学进展

从动力学角度,回顾了与南海西部主流系及其涡旋研究有关的南海物理海洋学的进展.主要内容涉及南海西边界流漂流浮标观测、西边界流源区涡旋遥感观测、西边界流源区跨陆架交换、涡流相互作用、西边界流年际变化、西边界流区海气相互作用、南海贯穿流等方面的进展.西边界流是一个强流系,其与季节和年际变化相关的结构特征、变率及跟某些动力过程的关联有待研究.在西边界流变率、涡旋环流相互作用、海气过程以及南海贯穿流取得了以下成果:(1)利用漂流浮标观测样本对南海西边界环流进行分析,指出南海西边界表层环流在到达越南中部沿岸后伴随着流幅变窄的同时流速加强;探讨了南海北部环流变化机理,定量诊断南海西边界流北支冬季逆风流产生的动力机制;利用航次数据对18°n断面的经向地转流进行诊断,表明南海西边界流的经向输送年际变化明显;(2)结合航次观测数据,对2003/2004年冬季南海北部2个反气旋涡旋和2007年夏季18°n附近的3个反气旋涡旋进行研究,指出冬季2个涡旋产生后以罗斯贝(rOSSby)波速度(约0.1M/S)沿北部陆坡向西南方向传播,并初步揭示了南海西边界环流与夏季3个涡旋的相互作用;南海北部陆架区涡旋西南向传播最大(最大为0.09M/S),而越南以东海域涡动能(EkE)最大,这都说明涡旋活动与南海西边界流存在强的相互作用;(3)发现南海西边界流附近海表面温度(SST)强的季节内振荡特征,进一步研究表明此区域冬季SST季节内变化会使潜热季节内信号减弱20%;(4)探讨了南海贯穿流的长期变化特征以及与整个太平洋环流系统的相互关联.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830851); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB403504); 中国科学院近海海洋观测研究网络——西沙南沙海洋观测研究站建设项目(KZCX2-EW-Y040)资

In situ FTIR spectrocopic investigations of 1,3-butanediol oxidation on Sb and S modified Pt electrodes

In the present paper,we studied the surface structure effect of Pt electrode modified with antimony and sulfur adatoms towards 1,3-Butanediol oxidation. The results demonstrated that the modification of Sb and S both inhibited the dissociative adsorption of 1,3-Butanediol into CO, which is the main source of self-poisoning in electrocatalysis of snail organic molecules. At lower potentials,the principal oxidation pathway of 1,3-Butanediol on Pt/Sb-ad electrode is towards the production of C = O. However,at higher potentials,the products of CO2 increased. The presence of S-ad inhibited the oxidation of 1,3-BD at low potentials(0.8 V)

Experimental probe to the isospin dependant properties of hot nuclei in the reactions 36,40Ar＋112,124Sn at 30, 35MeV/u

针对①中能反应中同位旋自由度是否达到平衡，②同位旋自由度对几中不同方法测量的核温度是否有影响 这两个基本问题，设计了用30和35MeV/u ~(36,40)Ar轰击~(112,124)Sn反应的实验方案。得到如下结果：对于前角5°处的耗散弹核碎裂产物，丰中子同位素与稳定核的产额比随产物出射动能的增加而减小，而丰质子子同位素与稳定核的产额比随动能的增加而增加，呈现明显的剪刀差分布特性。随耗散时间的增大，产物的平均中质比逐渐由弹核的平均中质比向系统的平均中质比过渡。这个结果说明在该反应中，同位旋自由度没有达到完全平衡。而对于20°处的DIC产物，上述剪刀差分布特性变得更不明显，这是同位旋自由度由非平衡向平衡过渡的表现。后角轻粒子的能谱分析表明，初始热核的同位旋会影响斜率核温度的提取，由于丰中子轻粒子~6He在~(40)Ar + ~(112)Sn系统中的蒸发被抑制，相比~(40)Ar + ~(112)Sn而言，其蒸发比较容易发生在衰变链早期，因此提取的温度偏高，同样，丰质子轻粒子~3He的温度在~(40)Ar + ~(112)Sn中略高。但中后角的同位素产额分析表明，反应系统的同位旋对双同位素比核温度几乎没有影响。核温度作为热核的热力学量，是独立于测量方法的，这种不同的方法得出的差异主要来源于同位旋对衰变机制的影响。作为一个尝试，将中高能反应中的熵的提取推广到这个能区，发现两个系统的熵几乎一致。在量子统计模型框架下，考察核温度与熵的关系发现，~(40)Ar + ~(112)Sn反应的挤出时刻密度略高于~(40)Ar + ~(112)Sn