Implications of Solvency Ⅱ for Insurance Supervision of China

近年来，我国保险行业发展日益成熟，保费收入规模快速增长，市场需求的大幅度增加也推动保险产品多样化与创新能力的提升。在保险市场日益扩张的情况下，监管机构和市场对保险机构抗风险能力也提出了更高的要求，偿付能力资本要求作为保险公司抵御风险的核心内容，已经成为了保监会的关注重点。 2014年是我国第二代偿付能力体系建设关键的一年，我国将在这一年进行新偿付能力体系的试运行。同时，欧盟偿付能力Ⅱ项目从2001年开始至今也进行了十多个年头，预计2016年将正式生效。欧盟保险行业的监管体系处于世界领先水平，偿付能力Ⅱ的推出对我国保险监管提供了很好的借鉴意义。 本文首先进行寿险公司风险边际的计量研究。通过最...In recent years, the China's insurance industry has become mature gradually. The scale of the premium income is growing rapidly. The increase of the market demand significantly promotes the diversification and the innovation of the insurance products. With the expansion of the insurance market, the regulator and the market has set higher requirements for the anti-risk ability of the insurance inst...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_金融学(含保险学)学号：1562011115197

巨灾债券:最新发展、相关理论及我国的运用

作为巨灾风险证券化的主要产品之一,巨灾债券在国际上获得了较大的发展。本文首先介绍巨灾债券的最新进展,接着从保险功能的深化回归理论及相关方面从理论上对巨灾债券予以阐释,最后对巨灾债券在我国的运用进行了再思考

谷氨酸受体拮抗剂可通过调节脑源性神经营养因子水平改善强迫症模型小鼠的刻板行为

目的在RU24969强迫症（OCD）小鼠模型中探究NMDA受体拮抗剂氟乙基美金刚（FENM）能否改善强迫样行为及探索其潜在机制。方法将32只小鼠随机分成Saline组（n=8），RU24969组（n=8），RU+FENM组（n=8），FENM组（n=8），根据不同组别分别给予FENM或等量生理盐水进行预处理，30 min后再予RU24969或等量生理盐水进行造模。造模后1 h进行行为学测试，测试结束后取血清检测脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的水平。于尾静脉注射伊文思蓝，并检测脑组织中染料的含量，评估该模型血脑屏障是否受损。结果FENM治疗能够显著改善RU24969模型小鼠的重复刻板绕圈行为（F=39.850， P＜0.001）并缓解其持续运动（F=50.200， P＜0.001），此外能够显著提高RU24969强迫模型小鼠血清BDNF的水平（F=18.930， P＜0.001）。结论NMDA受体拮抗剂FENM可能通过调节BDNF的水平从而缓解强迫症小鼠的刻板行为，发挥抗强迫疗效，且RU24969该模型以及FENM治疗对血脑屏障未产生显著影响

御寒暖胃膏穴位贴敷对胃癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜的影响

目的:研究御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜的影响,探讨御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜损伤修复的作用机制。方法:大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷对照点组、药物对照组,采用综合干预方法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠模型,肉眼下观察大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数,光镜下观察胃黏膜组织的病理变化,彩色多普勒观察胃黏膜的血流量。结果:与模型组比较,御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组和药物对照组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数值均显著降低(P0.05),胃黏膜组织的病理损伤未得到明显修复,胃黏膜血流量未见显著升高(P>0.05)。结论:御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴可以促进慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜损伤的修复,增加胃黏膜的血流量,并且存在经脉-脏腑特异相关性。深圳市科技研发资金项目(JCYJ20130401105615482

Using the Reflection Ellipsometry to Detect the Stress for the Gold Coating Reflection Mirrors

The residual stress information of the precision surface optical device with a metal coating plays an important role in precision optical manufacturing. However, the conventional optical-based non-contact approaches fail to measure the stress less than MPa for such devices, which is required for high precision gravitational waves detection. To solve this problem, we use ellipsometry to detect the stress of a gold coating reflection mirrors as the first trial. Under the pseudo-Brewster angle of the gold, the stress sensitivity for the ellipsometry amplitude psi reaches 35 kPa. The results suggest the traditional reflection ellipsometry responses at two specific orthogonal directions can be used to measure the strain-induced dielectric function tensor variations under a uniaxial stress situation. A preliminary microscopic model based on Drude model is proposed to derive the relationship between the dielectric function tensor variation of the coating and the uniaxial tensile strain s. Thus, the reflection ellipsometry can be used as an alternative method for the residual stress detection for the high precision planar optical devices with metal coatings under a uniaxial stress condition

肠结核的多层螺旋CT肠道造影表现

【目的】总结肠结核（ITB）在多层螺旋CT小肠造影（MSCTE）的表现，探讨MSCTE在ITB的诊断价值。【方法】收集15例经内镜检查或手术后病理确诊为ITB的临床与影像学资料，所有的患者均行MSCTE检查，回顾性分析其MSCTE表现，包括病灶的位置、数目、形状、边界和邻近组织的改变，以及腹部其它脏器、腹膜、大网膜和肠系膜的变化，并与内镜及手术结果相对照。【结果】15例ITB中，13例（86%）主要累及回盲部。4例（27%）表现为多节段肠壁均匀增厚，9例（60%）表现为局部肠壁实质性肿块形成，1例（6%）表现为多发节段性肠壁增厚并肿块形成，1例（6%）表现为不均匀强化的肿块并肠穿孔。12例ITB出现淋巴结肿大，均表现为环形强化。2例（13%）ITB的肠系膜血管出现“梳状征”。按其在MSCTE增强扫描上的强化模式，将该 9例肿块型小肠结核分为3种类型：a. 明显均匀强化型（n=5）；b. “靶征”征象型（n=2）；c. 干酪样坏死型（n=2）。【结论】ITB的影像学征象表现具有多样性。MSCTE能够清楚地显示肠粘膜轮廓、肠壁及其与周围组织的关系，为ITB的诊断提供丰富的信息

搭载反应釜的钢框架结构动力性能分析与设计建议

反应釜工作时会对搭载反应釜的钢框架施加较大的高频动荷载，但是目前此类钢框架结构主要还是采用静力方法进行设计，忽略了反应釜运转对其的影响。提出了一种采用质量点和梁单元结合的模拟反应釜动力体系及其与钢框架连接的简化方法，可高效获得反应釜运转时钢框架的动力响应。分析了基于现行标准《容器支座 第4部分：支承式支座》（NB/T 47065.4—2018）设计的反应釜支座底部节点与整体框架承载能力以及反应釜搅拌叶片旋转方向不同情况下的动力响应，并进行了该类结构的优化设计研究。结果表明：按现行标准设计的反应釜支座与连接节点为结构的薄弱部位，而基于钢材S-N疲劳曲线进行优化设计的支座能使结构在正常工作范围内保持弹性；反应釜搅拌方向采用“相邻各异”的方式能使其搭载结构具有最小的弹性变形。本研究为相关设计研究工作提供一定参考

胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤CT征象与SSTR2、VEGFR2及MGMT表达的关系

目的探讨胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤（pNENs）的CT征象与生长抑素2型受体（SSTR2）、血管内皮生长因子2型受体（VEGFR2）及O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶（O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferse，MGMT）表达的关系。方法收集2010年1月至2020年11月本机构经术后病理证实为pNENs 86例，所有患者术前均行增强CT检查，术后行SSTR2、VEGFR2、MGMT免疫组化检查。回顾性分析pNENs的CT特征与SSTR2、VEGFR2及MGMT表达情况的相关性，采用独立样本t检验或非参数检验及ROC曲线进行分析。结果SSTR2（+）组及SSTR2（-）组在性别、边界的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），VEGFR2（+）组及VEGFR2（-）组在性别、最大径线≥20 cm、边界、强化率（动脉期、静脉期）及CT值比率（静脉期）的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），MGMT（+）组及MGMT（-）组在最大径线≥20 cm、最大径、边界、强化率（动脉期）及CT值比率（平扫、动脉期、静脉期）的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。CT征象评估SSTR2、VEGFR2及MGMT阳性表达的AUC分别为0.847、0.761和0.749，灵敏度分别为87.18%，76.67%和90.48%，特异度分别为87.50%，73.91%和57.14%。结论CT征象联合临床特征可以反映pNENs中SSTR2、VEGFR2及MGMT的表达

The Influence of Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment on Gastric Precancerous Lesions in Rats

目的：观察御寒暖胃膏对胃癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜的影响。方法：将50只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷对照点组和药物对照组,每组各10只。采用综合干预方法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠模型,正常组喂饲标准饲料,不予任何处理。模型组自第21周开始,每天捆绑1 h,并予胶布贴敷腹部及双下肢,每只每天按0.001 m L·g~（-1）的剂量经口灌服纯净水。御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组、对照点组自第21周开始,每天将各组大鼠捆缚于鼠板,将膏药涂于所选部位上,每日1 h。每只每天按0.001 m L·g-1的剂量经口灌服纯净水。药物对照组给予维酶素溶液,按21.6 mg·kg~（-1）的药量给药,每日1次,每天捆绑1 h,并予胶布贴敷腹部皮肤及双下肢。肉眼下观察大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数,光镜下观察胃黏膜组织的病理变化,彩色多普勒观察胃黏膜的血流量。结果：与模型组比较,御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组和药物对照组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数值均显著降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.005）;胃黏膜组织的病理损伤得到明显的修复、胃黏膜血流量均显著升高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.005）。御寒暖胃膏贴敷对照点组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数值未见明显降低,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.005）;胃黏膜组织的病理损伤未得到明显修复、胃黏膜血流量未见显著升高,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.005）。结论：御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴可以促进慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜损伤的修复,增加胃黏膜的血流量,并且存在经脉—脏腑特异相关性。Objective： To observe the influence of Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment on gastric precancerous lesions in rats. Methods： 50 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment stomach meridian points group,Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment control point group,drug control group,with 10 rats in each group. Gastric precancerous lesions in rats models were copied by using comprehensive intervention method.The ones in the normal group were fed with standard diet without any treatment. Since the twenty-first week,the ones in the model group were tied up for one hour,with belly and lower limbs being applied,and took pure water orally with the amount of 0. 001 m L·g~（-1） each day. Since the twenty-first week,the ones in Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment stomach meridian points group,Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment control point group were bounded to the rats board and applied ointment on the selected points,one hour each day. Each rat in the two groups took pure water orally with the amount of 0. 001 m L·g~（-1） each day. The ones in drug control group were treated with Dimensional enzyme solution with the amount of 21. 6mg·kg~（-1）each day. They were tied up for one hour each day,their belly and lower limbs were applied ointment with adhesive tape. Then the gastric mucosal injury index was observed by naked eye,and the pathological changes of gastric mucosa were observed under light microscope,and the blood flow of gastric mucosa was observed by color Doppler. Results： Compared with the model group,indexes of gastric mucosal injury in Cold-Removing and Stomach-Warming Ointment stomach meridian points group,and drug control group were significantly reduced,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 005）. Their pathological damage of gastric mucosa was significantly repaired and the gastric mucosal blood flow was significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant（ P深圳市科技研发资金（编号：JCYJ20130401105615482