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目的 研究高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）感染相关的宫颈病变程度与抗人乳头瘤状病毒（HPV）抗体水平的相关性,探讨HPV致病的免疫学问题。方法 选取2012年1月-2013年6月在该院妇产科门诊就诊的女性中选取60例病理确诊为女性宫颈病变（CINⅠ及以上）,且宫颈脱落细胞的DNA检测为HR-HPV阳性者为研究组,根据组织学检测结果将研究组进一步分为低度病变组30例（CINⅠ）和高度病变组30例（CINⅡ或Ⅲ）。对照组为经核酸检测无HPV感染且病理诊断未见癌前病变的门诊患者60例,按年龄进一步分为低年龄组和高年龄组。低年龄组和高年龄组与低度病变组和高度病变组的年龄差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。分别抽取研究组及对照组外周血,检测其抗HR-HPV L1 Ig G抗体及中和抗体滴度,比较研究组与对照组抗体阳性率及抗体滴度水平的差别。结果 研究组血清中的抗HR-HPV L1 Ig G抗体阳性率及抗体滴度均高于对照组（P〈0.05）;低度病变组患者血清中的抗HR-HPV的中和抗体滴度高于相应对照组（P〈0.05）,而高度病变组的抗HR-HPV的中和抗体阳性率及抗体水平与相应对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 宫颈病变患者血清中抗HR-HPV L1 Ig G抗体升高,说明HPV感染可引起机体的体液免疫反应。低度病变组的中和抗体水平相对较高,可能是机体产生的中和抗体阻止了病毒的进一步感染。高度病变组的Ig G抗体和中和抗体均低下,说明进入CINⅡ/Ⅲ后HPV已经逃避了免疫系统的监视。基金项目：厦门市科技局项目（3502220124050）;2011年福建省科技计划项目资助计划,青年创新项目（20111）00310517

Gold Nanoparticles Application in Gene Mutation Detection and SNP Analysis

[中文文摘]对特异核苷酸序列的高选择性检测在生物医学研究和临床检测中日趋重要.纳米金特殊的光学性质、电学性质、化学性质、以及良好的生物相容性,使之成为检测生物大分子的首选工具.本文介绍了几种典型的基因突变检测及单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分析系统:基因芯片、生物传感器和光学检测系统.综述了多种颇有新意的检测方法和原理,详细阐明了它们的检测机制和研究进展,分析并比较了纳米金不同的作用方式,为纳米金在突变检测上的进一步研究提供了一定思路和参考.[英文文摘]Highly selective detection of specific oligonucleotide sequences is increasingly important in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.The excellent optical,electrical,and chemical properties make gold nanoparticles(GNPs) unique tools for biomolecule detection.GNPs-based methods for the detection of gene mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) are more selective,sensitive,and cost-efficient,compared to the conventional technologies,which require bulky and expensive instruments or involve time-cost procedures. This paper presents and demonstrates the principles and mechanisms of several typical GNPs-based methods for gene mutation and SNP analysis , aiming to provide some ideas and references for further studies.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(No.2006F3128)资助

Theoretical Study of Substituent Effects on Bond Dissociation Enthalpies in Lignite Model Compounds

为了探究褐煤热解过程中氧桥键C—O均裂这一重要反应,选取α-O-4和β-O-4类结构单元作为褐煤模型化合物,运用不同密度泛函计算了部分模型化合物中C—O的离解焓,并以CbS-Qb3作为理论基准值进行比较,最后选取M05-2X进行离解焓计算.结果显示,对于选定的α-O-4和β-O-4类模型化合物,其平均离解焓分别为51.0 kCAl/MOl和66.1 kCAl/MOl.周围取代环境能显著影响C—O离解焓,芳环上存在给电子基团(OH,OCH3和CH3)能降低C—O离解焓,而吸电子基团COOH则能增加其离解焓.然后深层次分析了取代基效应对C—O离解焓的影响.此外,分子内氢键的形成对离解焓也有很大的影响.C—O的离解焓与其键长没有特定的相关性,不能简单的通过C—O键长来预测其离解焓.Lignite is an abundant natural resource that is a potential source of clean fuel and value-added chemicals.The mechanisms by which thermal and catalytic treatments deconstruct lignite remain elusive,which is where quantum mechani-cal calculations can offer fundamental insights.In order to investigate the cleavage of C—O bridge bond,which is the critical step in the thermal decomposition of lignite,the α-O-4 and β-O-4 types of structural units are selected as lignite model com-pounds to calculate the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies using several kinds of density functional theory methods(B3PW91,B3P86,PBE1PBE,BMK,M06-2X and M05-2X) at 6-31+G(d,p) level.By the comparison between the results and the theoretical benchmark values provided by CBS-QB3 method,M05-2X functional was applied for the calculations on C—O bond dissociation enthalpies.The present results indicate that the C—O average bond dissociation enthalpies are 51.0 kcal/mol and 66.1 kcal/mol for the α-O-4 and β-O-4 types of model compounds,respectively.Local substituents have a great withdrawing groups such as carboxyl group.Then the substituent effects are deeply analyzed on the basis of the ground-state effect on the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies,the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies will decrease when the adjacent arene rings are substituted by electron donating groups(OH,OCH3 and CH3),while the results are opposite for the electron effect and radical effect.An electron donating group can stabilize the phenoxy radicals(radical effect),however,an electron withdrawing group has the opposite effect.In most cases,the radical effect is more important than the ground-state effect.Furthermore,there is a negligible correlation between the C—O bond distances and strengths,and the C—O bond dissocia-tion enthalpies cannot be predicted so easily.Interestingly,the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies can be significantly influ-enced by the intramolecular hydrogen bond,if the intramolecular hydrogen bond still exists after the cleavage of the C—O bond,the bond dissociation enthalpies will be lower.国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2012CB214901); 国家自然科学基金(No.51274197)资助~

Thirty Years of Regulatory Detailed Planning: Gains and Losses, and Prospects

吕传廷(中国城市规划学会理事,中国城市规划学会控规学术委员会主任委员,广州市城市规划编制研究中心主任,教授级高级工程师,本论坛主持人):非常高兴诸位嘉宾、代表参加由广州城市规划编制研究中心、深圳规划国土发展研究中心、重庆规划研究中心三家单位联合举办的"控制

分子印迹聚合物在磺胺类抗生素残留检测中的 样品前处理应用研究进展

The residues of sulfonamides (SAs) antibiotics cause great harm to organisms and environments. Appropriate sample pretreatment is usually imperative to couple with chromatography / mass spectrometry analysis for the sensitive determination of SAs, ow ing to their low level residues and multiple categories presence in complicated matrices. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have the binding sites complementary to the template molecules in shape, size and functional groups. So, MIPs can selectively recognize and effectively enrich target analytes (template) as well as eliminate matrices interferences. Thereby they have been widely applied in the sample pretreatment of SAs antibiotics. In this review, recent advances in sample pretreatment applications of MIPs for determination of SAs residues are summarized, mainly including conventional packed solid-phase extraction (PSPE), dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE), magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) and temperature sensitive solid-phase extraction (TSPE). Several challenge is sues of MIPs are given, and some new imprinting technologies and strategies for preparation of MIPs towards SAs are highlighted, such as surface imprinting technology, nanoimprinting technology and molecularly imprinted membrane technology, as well as multi-template imprinting strategy and dummy imprinting strategy. Finally, an outlook on the preparation and pretreatment application of SAs-MIPs is proposed.</p

Applications of molecularly imprinted polymers for determination of antibiotics residues

Abuse of antibiotics as well as antibiotic residues cause great harm to living beings and the environment. However, determination of antibiotics is quite difficult owing to the low residue level and multiple categories presence in the complicated matrices. Proper sample pre- treatment is usually imperative for coupling with chromatographic analysis toward the sensitive determination of antibiotic residues. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) possess the binding sites complementary to the target (template) molecules in shape, size, and type of functional groups. Hence, MIPs can selectively recognize and effectively enrich the target analytes as well as eliminate matrix interferences. For this reason, they have been widely applied in the sample pretreatment of antibiotics. In this review, several challenges encountered with the use of MIPs and the possible solutions are proposed. Besides, advances in the applications of MIPs for the sample pretreatment of antibiotics since 2016 are summarized, mainly including conventional solid phase extraction (SPE), dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE), magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE), matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD), solid phase microextraction (SPME) and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE). Some new imprinting strategies for the prepa- ration of MIPs to be used in the field of antibiotics are highlighted, such as multi-template imprinting, multi-functional monomer imprinting, dummy imprinting, stimuli-responsive imprinting and hydrophilic imprinting. Finally, an outlook on the preparation and pretreatment application of MIPs for antibiotics is presented

Recent advances in applications of fragment/dummy molecularly imprinted polymers

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are designed to mimic the specific binding principle of enzymes to substrates or antigens to antibodies,while holding several advantages such as structure predictability,recognition specificity,easy preparation,low cost,high physical robustness,and thermal stability.Therefore,they have been widely applied in many fields including sample preparation (pretreatment),sensing analysis (chemo/biosensors),biomedicine,and environment/food analysis.To date,several strategies were developed for MIPs preparation,aiming to simplify the preparation process and/or improve the properties of the polymers,greatly broadening its usability.The exploration in various advanced imprinting strategies and their combinational use has become a research hotspot in MIPs preparation,among which the fragment imprinting strategy and the dummy template imprinting strategy are especially favored.Fragment imprinting,also called segment imprinting,uses a partial structure of the target molecule as a pseudo-template to prepare MIPs.This strategy is useful to target molecules that are not easy to obtain or that are too large to be used as templates,providing a feasible method for imprinting target analytes that are easy to inactivate or infect,as well as macromolecules that are difficult to imprint.In turn,dummy template imprinting uses molecules with structure,shape,and size similar to the target analytes as templates for imprinting.Because the target is not directly used as a template,this strategy can overcome problems of template leakage,as well as solve target molecule-related difficulties as they can be expensive,infectious,flammable,explosive,or chemically instable.This mini-review compiles information of several articles published in the last four years across ACS,Elsevier,RSC,and other databases,summarizing the most recent advances in the application of fragment/dummy template MIPs (FMIPs/DMIPs).Herein,the biomedical application of FMIPs is mainly addressed as a strategy for the detection of proteins and microorganisms,and the application of FMIPs in the field of food analysis is also explored.In recent years,the imprinting of mammalian cells has made some progress in the application of FMIPs.Mammalian cells,especially cancer cells,overexpress some proteins and sugars,which are good fragment templates.Consequently,the fragment imprinting strategy is widely used in cancer cell imaging,localization,and treatment.Moreover,due to the complicated structure and easy inactivation of some proteins,their MIPs are often prepared by fragment imprinting (also called epitope imprinting).As some microorganisms are infectious,imprinting microorganisms directly can pose a risk;therefore it is safer to also use the fragment imprinting strategy in such cases.The recent application of fragment imprinting strategy in other areas remains scarce.Nonetheless,three studies in the food analysis have explored this possibility.DMIPs are widely used in sample pretreatment and sensing analysis,and they are mainly used as SPE adsorbents for packed SPE,dispersive SPE (DSPE),magnetic SPE (MSPE),and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction.In addition,DMIPs are employed as molecularly imprinted membrane materials.As a result,by virtue of DMIPs,selective extraction and enrichment of target analytes from complicated samples can be achieved.MIP-based sensors can either recognize or transduce,meaning that they can specifically recognize and bind target analytes as well as generate output signals for detection.Because of the high selectivity of MIPs,the use of a dummy template imprinting strategy solves the problem of template leakage in the process of recognition and adsorption,further improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity of the sensor.These features expand the application range of MIP-based sensors