From an alien immigrant group to a localized minority group: A case study of a Korean ethnic minority community from the historical anthropology perspective

本研究以聚居生活在中国东北一个朝鲜族移民村落的族群为研究对象，试图通过田野调查及历史资料相结合的方式，描绘这一族群两代人迁移、定居、发展的历史脉络，解读其在异文化氛围中求生、发展的心路历程，进而以之为个案，剖析影响移民群体融入主流社会的因素。1931年9·18事变以后，大批朝鲜移民在日本侵华战略的逼迫下被迁移到中国东北，在随后的十余年间，他们在日本人建立的移民部落中悲惨求生。此后他们经历了日本投降，国共对峙等几个历史时期并最终留在了中国的土地上。新中国建立之后他们获得了中国国籍，成为中国公民。在这批移民族群中，有一个群体落脚在辽宁省盘锦市中央屯这块土地上。随着岁月流逝，时至今日，这个当年从朝鲜...This dissertation is a case study of a Korean ethnic minority group lived in the northeast China who came from Korea by force in the 30’s last century. And I attempt to analyze the influence of immigration’s localization by tracing their memories back to 70 years ago. After the year 1931, as farm worker a lot of Korean was moved from Korea to northeast China by Japanese government. They hav...学位：法学硕士院系专业：人文学院人类学研究所_中国少数民族史学号：20020300

AERODYNAMIC MOMENTS CONTROL OF WING MODEL USING PLASMA JET

为考察火花放电等离子体射流控制机翼气动力矩的效果,在NACA0021平直机翼模型上安装火花放电等离子体射流发生器,通过改变射流发生器安装位置、射流角度及加载电参数,研究其控制机翼模型气动力矩的性能及机理。在NACA0021机翼模型近前缘处,布置2个火花放电等离子体射流发生器,采用气动力测量技术,在来流风速为20 m/s时测得,攻角-4°~10°时,滚转力矩系数最大减小了0.0024,攻角为12°~16°时,滚转力矩系数最大增加了0.0021;偏航力矩系数最大减小了0.00097。实验研究结果表明:等离子体射流可改变机翼模型横航向气动力矩,并可通过改变射流角度和加载电压频率调节等离子体射流控制横向气动力矩的效果。To investigate the control effect of Spark Discharge Plasma Jets(SPJs) on the aerodynamic moments of a wing, SPJ generators were used for active flow control experimental study on an NACA0021 straight wing model. The location of SPJ generators along the chord of the airfoil, the jet flow direction relative to the chord, and the driving voltage parameters were changed to research the control effect and mechanism of SPJ generators on the aerodynamic moments of a wing model. The aerodynamic moments were measured with a six-component balance at a wind speed of 20 m/s. Two SPJ generators, arranged near the leading edge, reduced the rolling moment coefficient by a maximum of 0.0024 for angles of attack-4°~10°, but increased the rolling moment coefficient by a maximum of 0.0021 for angles of attack 12°~16°. The yaw moment coefficient was reduced by a maximum of 0.00097. The results show that aerodynamic moments control of wings can be realized using SPJs. The control effect of SPJs on the aerodynamic moments is changeable by adjusting the driving voltage frequency and the jet flow direction relative to the chord.航空科学基金项目(20141368007);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(2010J01014

严重自发性脑出血患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素分析 Factors Related to the Deep Vein Thrombosis in Severe Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients after Surgical Treatment

目的 为经手术治疗的严重自发性脑出血患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成（deep vein thrombosis，DVT）风险判断和管理提供依据。 方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2019年12月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科经手术治疗的94例严重自发性脑出血患者的临床资料。根据出血后30 d内下肢深静脉超声结果，将患者分为DVT组和非DVT组，对比两组间的临床特点和术前影像学特点的差异。采用logistic回归分析探讨患者术后DVT的危险因素。 结果 94例患者中，19例（20.2%）术后出现DVT。DVT组有糖尿病病史患者比例（42.1% vs. 4.0%，P<0.001）、缺血性心脑血管疾病病史患者比例（47.4% vs. 6.7%，P<0.001）、长期抗血小板治疗史患者比例（47.4% vs. 20.0%，P=0.034）、术前Caprini评分[3（2～5）分 vs. 2（1～2）分，P<0.001]和术前血肿扩大患者比例（36.8% vs. 16.0%，P=0.044）均高于非DVT组，差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示，有缺血性心脑血管疾病病史（OR 7.23，95%CI 2.80～18.66，P=0.025）、长期抗血小板治疗史（OR 2.52，95%CI 1.28～4.98，P=0.019）和术前Caprini评分高（OR 3.19，95%CI 1.62～6.27，P=0.007）是脑出血患者术后出现DVT的独立危险因素。 结论 有缺血性心脑血管疾病病史、出血前长期抗血小板治疗史和术前Caprini评分高是严重自发性脑出血患者术后出现DVT的危险因素。对于具有这些危险因素的患者，应在术后早期行下肢深静脉超声检查，尽早开始相关预防和治疗。 Abstract: Objective To provide evidences for risk assessment and management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in operated severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed 94 patients, who underwent surgery for severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the department of neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019. Based on the result of ultrasound examination within 30 days after hemorrhage, all patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group. The differences of clinical features and preoperative imaging features were compared between DVT group and non-DVT group. The risk factors of postoperative DVT was investigated using logistic regression analysis. Results 94 appropriate patients was enrolled in this study, including 19 (20.2%) patients underwent DVT. The proportion of diabetic patients in DVT group (42.1% vs. 4.0%, P<0.001), the proportion of patients with a history of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (47.4% vs. 6.7%, P<0.001), proportion of patients with long-term antiplatelet treatment (47.4% vs. 20.0%, P=0.034), preoperative Caprini score [3 (2-5) vs. 2 (1-2), P<0.001] and the proportion of patients with preoperative hematoma expansion (36.8% vs. 16.0%, P=0.044) were higher than those in non-DVT group, and the differences were statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated the past ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (OR 7.23, 95%CI 2.80-18.66, P=0.025), long-term antiplatelet treatment before hemorrhage (OR 2.52, 95%CI 1.28-4.98, P=0.019) and high preoperative Caprini score (OR 3.19, 95%CI 1.62-6.27, P=0.007) as independent risk factors of DVT. Conclusions Past ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, long-term antiplatelet treatment before hemorrhage and high preoperative Caprini score were independent risk factors for DVT in patients with severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. For patients with these risk factors, ultrasound examination of deep vein of lower extremity should be performed in the early postoperative period, and relevant prevention and treatment should be admitted as soon as possible

滨海盐渍化土壤中氨氧化微生物丰度和多样性特征

为探究滨海盐土不同盐度梯度下氨氧化微生物的丰度和多样性特征,利用土壤化学和分子生态学手段(定量PCR、T-RFLP)对莱州湾南岸及黄河口4个河口断面(黄河、白浪河、堤河、胶莱河)14个不同盐度(6.4‰ ~ 51.1‰)盐渍化土壤样品的氨氧化古菌(AOA)和氨氧化细菌(AOB)的硝化潜势、丰度及多样性进行了分析。结果发现:土壤硝化潜势在高盐度(34.7‰ ~51.1‰)条件下被显著抑制,主要受土壤盐度、pH和NO_3~——N水平显著影响;AOA-amoA基因丰度比AOB-amoA高出两个数量级,在中盐度时丰度最高(9.92×10~6 copies/g土),在高盐度时受到显著抑制(5.28×10~6 copies/g土,P<0.05);AOB-amoA基因丰度受盐度的影响,低盐度时显著高于中、高盐度条件;然而AOA和AOB的多样性和群落结构受盐度梯度影响不大。相关分析表明,硝化潜势与AOA和AOB丰度均无显著相关性,而与AOA/AOB比值以及AOA的Shannon指数显著负相关。由此可见,滨海盐土中,盐度的波动对土壤氨氧化活性和功能微生物都会产生剧烈的影响,盐度和pH造成的土壤氮素有效性的变化可能是影响滨海盐土硝化活性和氨氧化微生物丰度及群落组成的关键因素

滨海盐渍化土壤中氨氧化微生物丰度和多样性特征

为探究滨海盐土不同盐度梯度下氨氧化微生物的丰度和多样性特征,利用土壤化学和分子生态学手段(定量PCR、T-RFLP)对莱州湾南岸及黄河口4个河口断面(黄河、白浪河、堤河、胶莱河)14个不同盐度(6.4‰ ~ 51.1‰)盐渍化土壤样品的氨氧化古菌(AOA)和氨氧化细菌(AOB)的硝化潜势、丰度及多样性进行了分析。结果发现:土壤硝化潜势在高盐度(34.7‰ ~51.1‰)条件下被显著抑制,主要受土壤盐度、pH和NO_3~——N水平显著影响;AOA-amoA基因丰度比AOB-amoA高出两个数量级,在中盐度时丰度最高(9.92×10~6 copies/g土),在高盐度时受到显著抑制(5.28×10~6 copies/g土,P<0.05);AOB-amoA基因丰度受盐度的影响,低盐度时显著高于中、高盐度条件;然而AOA和AOB的多样性和群落结构受盐度梯度影响不大。相关分析表明,硝化潜势与AOA和AOB丰度均无显著相关性,而与AOA/AOB比值以及AOA的Shannon指数显著负相关。由此可见,滨海盐土中,盐度的波动对土壤氨氧化活性和功能微生物都会产生剧烈的影响,盐度和pH造成的土壤氮素有效性的变化可能是影响滨海盐土硝化活性和氨氧化微生物丰度及群落组成的关键因素

Spatio-temporal characteristics of ship activities in the Bohai Sea based on GIS and AIS

基于2018年海上船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System,AIS)数据,借助GIS空间分析方法,对渤海海上船舶位置及密度、船舶速度等空间分布特征以及船舶流量日、月和季节变化的时间特征进行分析,得到以下结论:①渔业船舶多活动于近岸海域,呈团聚状分布;商业船舶多聚集在公共航道区,整体呈带状分布;货船数量占商业船舶总量的78.58%,主要为中型货船,客船与油轮以中小型船舶所占比重相对较大。②渤海船舶速度以中低速为主,尤其是渔业船舶;较高速度的船舶主要是大中型货船和客船。③渔业船舶活动时间和季节变化特征显著,秋季休渔期结束后以及白天工作时间段渔船活动较频繁;与渔业船舶相比,渤海商业船舶活动受季节变化和昼夜交替影响较小。分析发现,渤海交通流密度高,船舶会遇频繁,发生船舶碰撞以及重大污染事故的风险较大;东西向和南北向的海上交通与渔业捕捞作业船舶之间存在较大的海域空间利用冲突,需要引起足够的重视。自然环境与资源条件、沿岸社会经济发展与港口建设、海域管制等因素影响海上船舶时空分布

DNA条形码技术在深圳鱼肉制品鉴定中的应用

以线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（COⅠ）基因为目标基因,应用DNA条形码技术鉴别深圳批发市场和超市零售鱼肉制品的种类来源,判别其产品标签是否正确。本研究调查的77份鱼肉制品均能扩增出特异性条带,28份样品与产品标签标示不符,＂错贴＂率高达36.36%,其中所有标示＂龙俐鱼＂的商品都是低价的＂巴丁鱼＂（Pangasianodon hypophthalmus）。DNA条形码技术可用于鱼肉制品的来源物种鉴定

DNA条形码技术在深圳鱼肉制品鉴定中的应用

以线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（COⅠ）基因为目标基因,应用DNA条形码技术鉴别深圳批发市场和超市零售鱼肉制品的种类来源,判别其产品标签是否正确。本研究调查的77份鱼肉制品均能扩增出特异性条带,28份样品与产品标签标示不符,＂错贴＂率高达36.36%,其中所有标示＂龙俐鱼＂的商品都是低价的＂巴丁鱼＂（Pangasianodon hypophthalmus）。DNA条形码技术可用于鱼肉制品的来源物种鉴定