北京語言大学における対外国人中国語教授法のノウハウ

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鍋爐失效診斷系統與資料庫建立

[[note]]IAC-98-03

A Study on Applicable Technologies for Implementing Mechanical Integrity(I)

[[abstract]]傳統石化產業曾是我國經濟的火車頭。即使近年電子、光電、半導體等產業的興起， 石化產業仍是維持一定的成長。雖然石化設備的設計、建造有很高的要求與安全係數的 設置，但相對地，製程的環境條件也較其它產業嚴苛，因此不可避免地，會受到腐蝕、 沖蝕、疲勞、老化等問題的影響，進而降低操作的安全性。這些日漸老化的製程設備， 如欲求永續生產，設備系統本身的完整性仍將是最重要的環節。 國內的危險性工作場所審查暨檢查辦法在精神上與 OSAH PSM 一致，但在設備完 整性部份則缺乏較明確的說明與規範，且仍舊偏重第一種壓力容器檢查來要求工廠注意 設備的安全問題。負責維修保養大概都有這樣一個經驗，就是工廠百分之八十的設備故 障是由百分之二十左右的設備所造成。設備完整性的工作展開來，工作項目可說極為龐 雜，但如果我們能事先很精確的掌握工廠內最具關鍵性的設備，如此工廠只要將焦點放 在關鍵設備的照顧上，即很有可能能消弭百分之八十的重大故障。 近年來國外工廠由於設備完整性工作的推展，發現不但工廠體質獲得改善，而由於 掌握更多設備運轉資訊，發現管理系統裡許多可改進之處，維修成本相對降低、生產力 也獲得提升。本計畫中將以擬定某石化產業公司的製程系統為載具，在符合國內危險性 設 備 與 工 作 場 所 相 關 法 規 的 前 提 下 ， 依 據 OSAH 29CFR1910.119(j) Mechanical Integrity(設備完整性, MI)進行設備完整性相關技術整合應用建立研究，並完成下列設備 完整性相關作業。 第一階段為基線審查－透過資料整理與人員訪談，了解公司的制度、管理、人員訓 練、設備狀況、記錄管理等各方面的問題。第二階段的改善工作將分為三個分項－危害 評估作業檢討與資訊更新、維修管理系統檢討與調整、設備檢查計畫制定。第三階段則 著重在人員教育訓練－分別針對維修實務、危害評估、可靠度相關的內容安排教育訓練 課程。第四階段則以某石化廠公司之設備完整性系統建立計畫(目標：建立 MI 及進行石 化設備系統檢查及評估技術開發、石化與煉製設備績效導向管理與應用實務技術整合， 如同設備完整性工作評估、檢討關鍵設備檢測作業、MI~基線評估規劃等等 MI 評估規 畫。)[[abstract]]The petro-chemical industry was once a key driving force to Taiwan’s booming economy. Even till this date while most attention and glory have been shifted to areas like the semi-conductor and LCD industry, petro-chemical plants in Kaohsiung area still manage to remain competitive and maintain a healthy growth rate. Review and Inspection Measures of domestic hazardous workplace consistent in spirit with OSAH PSM, but in the device integrity part of the lack of clear instructions and specifications, and to require factories to pay attention to the safety of the device is still biased towards the first pressure vessel inspectionproblems. Responsible for maintenance maintenance probably have such an experience is that eighty percent of the factory equipment failure is caused by about 20 percent of the equipment. The equipment integrity expand, work items that are extremely complex, the most critical equipment but if we can advance very accurate grasp of the factory, so the factory as long as the focus on the key equipment to take care of, that is likely to can eliminate eighty percent of the major failures. Foreign factories in recent years due to the promotion of the integrity of the device work found to improve not only the factory physique, found many improvements in management systems and to acquire more equipment operation and maintenance costs are relatively lower productivity promoted. This project will develop a petrochemical industry, the company's process systems for vehicles, domestic hazardous equipment and workplace regulations under the premise, according to the OSAH 29CFR1910.119 (j) Mechanical Integrity (the device integrity MI) equipment the integrity related technology integration applications to establish research and the completion of the following equipment related to the integrity of the job. The first phase of the baseline review - through data compilation and staff interviews to understand the system of the company, management, personnel, training, equipment condition, records management and other aspects of the problem. The improvement of the second phase of the work will be divided into three sub - hazard assessment job review and information update, review and adjustment of the maintenance management system, equipment inspection program to develop. The third stage is the emphasis on staff training - maintenance practices, hazard assessment, reliability related content to arrange training courses. The fourth stage, a petrochemical plant equipment integrity of the system to establish a plan (goal: the establishment of MI and petrochemical equipment system inspection and assessment of technology development, integration of the petrochemical and refining equipment performance-oriented management and application of practical skills, like integrated work assessment and review of the key equipment testing operations, MI ~ baseline assessment Program the MI assessment planning.)[[note]]NSC102-2625-M327-00

壓力容器法規修改與執行實務資訊蒐集與整理

[[note]]IAC-95-09

Development of Failure Analysis and Quantified Assessment Techniques for the Pressure Vessels

[[abstract]]在國際上，許多國家已將壓力容器定期內部檢查規範進行大幅放寬。業者得利之處在於不用受限於定期停.檢查，但相對地業者本身的責任也加重了。因為法規改為績效導向設計，要求需確實掌握設備失效模式與潛在後果，並以有效的檢查、保養作為確保設備可靠性。本計畫將規劃針對壓力容器的風險分析，以API和ISA(美國儀器協會)所頒布的評估法則為基礎，結合工廠現場作業實務，建立簡便的工具，期對業界能有所助益，並減低對國外技術的依賴性。[[note]]NSC94-2211-E327-00

設備適用性評估技術與評估案例建立(二)

[[note]]IAC-96-03

大林廠CMMS系統整合建置之輔導與協助工作

[[note]]IAC-99-13

Risk-Based Decision Analysis Methodology for the Process Plant

[[abstract]]連續性生產的石化廠如果要停爐進行檢查，不是件容易的事。以國內一輕油裂解工廠為例，該廠日產值近3000 萬台幣。如果依照勞委會規定，第一種壓力容器每二年停下來進行定期內部檢查，每次所需約45 天，因之每一次停爐檢修該廠將喪失十三億多的失產。我國多數連續生產的石化廠都有著同樣的問題。近年各工廠大量引進非破壞檢查技術，對設備進行定期檢查，設備的健康狀況普遍不錯，可連續生產時間早已超過兩年，但仍受到法令每兩年需停爐檢查的限制，對業者的競爭力頗有影響。我國於92 年9 月頒佈了「危險性設備延長及替代檢查審查指引」，未來業者將可依此指引所建議的作法，申請延長停爐。本計畫預計以三年時間、分三個階段進行研究，第一階段建立石化設備洩漏風險技算工具，將分為洩漏後果分析與破孔機率評估，而又再細分為定性與定量風險；第二階段則針對工廠最關鍵的保護層－安全連鎖系統等，建立量化評估技術與計算工具；第三階段則將著重在建立綜合分析軟體系統[[note]]NSC93-2213-E327-01