Analysis on death causes of liver cancer of inhabitants in Xiamen City from 2002 to 2011

目的了解2002-2011年厦门市居民肝癌死亡趋势、分布特征及寿命损失情况。方法对2002-2011年厦门市肝癌死亡登记资料和人口数据进行统计分析,通过计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年均增长死亡率及寿命损失年等指标,评价居民的肝癌死亡及寿命损失情况。结果 2002-2011年厦门市肝癌年均死亡率为32.70/10万,标化死亡率为34.48/10万,居恶性肿瘤死亡顺位第1位,总体趋势有下降,但差异无统计学意义(2趋势=2.13,P=0.144)。男性、女性、城区、郊区、农村的肝癌年均死亡率均呈下降趋势,但只有郊区下降有统计学意义(2趋势=7.46,P=0.006)。肝癌死亡率比较:农村>城区>郊区,男性死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(2=1 758.80,P<0.001)。肝癌主要危害中老年人群,死亡年龄的中位数为57岁,89.37%的死亡病例发生在40岁以上人群。肝癌潜在寿命损失年为93 378.0人年,平均减寿年数为20.17人年,减寿率为5.74‰,男性和农村居民寿命损失较严重。结论 2002-2011年厦门市肝癌死亡率整体呈下降趋势,但对中老年人群的危害仍很严重,应继续加强防控力度。Objective To gain the knowledge of trends in mortality,distribution characteristics and potential years of life lost caused by liver cancer among Xiamen population from 2002 to 2011.Methods Mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,average annual growth rate of mortality and years of life lost have been employed to evaluate the mortality of liver cancer and years of life lost caused by the disease among population in Xiamen.Results The average annual mortality rate of liver cancer among Xiamen population was 32.70 /105.After the standardization,the rate was ascended to 34.48 /105,ranking in the top of the death causes.Compared to historical data,the mortality rate slightly decreased in total.However,no statistical significance was observed.The average annual mortality rate of male,female,urban,suburban and rural areas were decreased,but only a statistically significant decrease in the suburban was noted.As for the locations,the mortality rate in rural area was the highest,and that of urban area maintained in the second position,and the rate of suburb area was the lowest in Xiamen.The reduction on the average mortality rate among female population was greater than that of its counterparts.We also observed that the reduction was greater in rural areas than in the rest of city.However,the differences were not statistically significant.Liver cancer mainly affected the middle-aged and old population,and the median of death age was 57 years old.Furthermore,89.37% of deaths were reported in the population older than 40 of years.The potential years of life lost caused by liver cancer among Xiamen population was 93 378.0 PY and AYLL was 20.17 PY,and PYLL rate reached 5.74‰.The years of life lost caused by liver cancer among male and rural population are serious.Conclusions The mortality rate of live cancer among Xiamen population between 2002 and 2011 has been declined in general aspect.However,the liver cancer still renders great threat to the health among middle-aged and old population.Therefore,the prevention and control strategy should be further promoted.福建省卫生厅青年科研课题(2010-2-113

Modeling of Bcl-2 protein suppressed calcium signaling and its global dynamics analysis

钙离子(Ca~(2+))是生物体内一种生死攸关的信号分子,Bcl-2蛋白可以直接或间接调节IP_3R通道释放Ca~(2+)的能力,借此决定细胞命; 运.本文基于新近的实验成果,针对Bcl-2蛋白间接调控Ca~(2+)的信号通路建立数学模型,得到了与实验数据相符合的结果,从理论上证明了Bcl-; 2蛋白对钙信号有抑制作用.在对模型进行鲁棒性检验之后,本文对该信号通路中一些关键组分的作用进行了预测.以[IP_3]和[Bcl-2]为双分岔参数; 分析的结果表明Bcl-2对刺激强度能产生Ca~(2+)振荡的区域有重要影响.以蛋白磷酸酶1[PP1]和蛋白激酶A[PKA]为单分岔参数分析的结果; 揭示:PP1可以有效地抑制钙信号,而PKA对钙信号的促进作用有一定的局限性.模型结果表明,不同浓度组合的IP_3,Bcl-2和PKA会对钙信号发; 挥复杂的调控作用.本文不仅对相关生物学实验有一定的指导作用,而且可为治疗因钙信号失调而导致的疾病提供思路.Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a signal for both life and death in cells. Either directly or indirectly, Bcl-2 protein can regulate Ca2+ release from IP3R channel, thereby determining the cell fate. In this work, based on recent experimental results, a mathematical model is constructed to describe the signaling pathway of Ca2+ release regulated by Bcl-2 indirectly. The model output fits nicely to the experimental data. The model demonstrates that Bcl-2 can suppress Ca2+ signaling. After the robustness test of the model, the roles of some key components in the signaling pathway are predicted. Two-parameter bifurcation analyses of [IP3] and [Bcl-2] are conducted to show that Bcl-2 has a crucial role in the oscillatory region of Ca2+ signaling. Single-parameter bifurcation analyses of [PP1] and [PKA] reveal that the PP1 can inhibit Ca2+ from signaling potently, while PKA only promotes Ca2+ signaling to some extent. Our model also indicates that the different combinations of concentrations of IP3, Bcl-2 and PKA generate complex regulations on Ca2+ signaling. This work not only plays a guiding role in relevant biological experiments, but also provides some insights into the treatment of diseases caused by disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis.National Natural Science Foundation of China [11504214, 31370830,; 11675134

vsr: data gathering in opportunistic mobile sensor network with multiple sinks

机会移动传感器网络可应用在野生动物监控,或利用手持设备嵌入的传感器收集城市信息等场景,往往需要将数据从源节点传输到多个基站中的任一个.提出了一个基于虚拟空间的路由机制VSR(virtual space-based routing),采用&quot;存储-携带-转发&quot;的传输模式实现数据收集.每个传感器节点根据与多个sink节点的期望传输延迟映射成高维空间中的一个坐标点,消息传输对应于从源节点移动到空间原点的过程.细粒度的转发决策特性,使VSR自适应于网络的动态变化,具有很好的鲁棒性.此外,VSR机制具有很低的计算和存储开销,非常适合资源受限的传感器节点.两种不同随机特性场景下的模拟实验验证了VSR机制比ZebraNet的基于历史的转发机制和随机转发机制的性能更好

a message transmission scheme for community-based opportunistic network

由人携带的具有短距离通信接口的移动设备所组成的网络具有社区性质.当前机会网络中主流的多拷贝路由算法并没有考虑到节点的社区性质,如果将这些算法直接应用到社区机会网络中会造成传输延迟大、消息丢失率高等问题.针对这些问题,提出了一种基于社区机会网络的消息传输算法(CMTS),能够根据节点之间的通信频繁程度,自动将节点划分成不同的社区,自适应地控制消息的拷贝数量并依靠活跃节点将消息传输到目标社区.仿真结果表明,在延迟要求宽松的社区机会网络中,与Spray and Focus算法相比,CMTS算法能够在保证较高消息传输成功率的同时,减少了约20%的消息转发次数,有效地降低了网络资源的消耗.国家自然科学基金; 国家八六三高技术研究发展计划基金; 国家八六三高技术研究发展计划重大项目中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)0122068-20754

地肤根系的力学性质及对道路侵蚀的影响

基于黄土高原植物路防蚀对适宜植物的需要,对多年生草本植物地肤根系的抗剪切强度进行了测试,并在野外生长有地肤坡面的径流小区进行了冲刷试验。结果表明:相同试验条件下含有单株地肤根系的土样比不含地肤根系的土样,在100、200、300、400 kPa共4种不同垂直荷载压力下,其抗剪切强度分别提高了9.51%、14.42%、17.03%、7.35%;坡面冲刷单宽流量为1.67&times;10-4m3/(s.m)且坡面地肤覆盖度为0、20%、40%、60%、80%时,裸坡的侵蚀量分别是地肤坡面的2、7、12倍及29倍左右,这说明地肤对于提高土壤抗侵蚀性能有显著效果,是一种适宜栽培于黄土高原道路的植被品种

opportunistic networks

大量具备短距离通信能力的智能设备的出现推动了无线自组网应用的迅速发展.但在许多实际应用环境中,节点移动、网络稀疏或信号衰减等各种原因通常导致形成的网络大部分时间不连通.传统的移动自组织网络传输模式要求通信源和目标节点之间存在至少一条完整的路径,因而无法在这类环境中运行.机会网络利用节点移动形成的通信机会逐跳传输消息,以&amp;quot;存储-携带-转发&amp;quot;的路由模式实现节点间通信,这种完全不同于传统网络通信模式的新兴组网方式引起了研究界极大的兴趣.首先介绍机会网络的概念和理论基础,并给出了当前机会网络的一些典型应用,然后详细阐述了机会网络研究的热点问题,包括机会转发机制、移动模型和基于机会通信的数据分发和检索等,并简要叙述了机会网络的通信中间件、协作和安全机制以及机会网络新的应用等其他研究问题,最后进行总结并展望了机会网络未来一段时间内的研究重点.国家自然科学基金; 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)01124-1372

高真空低重力环境下液态工质排放地面模拟试验研究

针对航天器在空间高真空低重力环境下的流体回路液态工质排放有关问题,以月球环境为例,搭建了月球重力等效地面试验系统,开展地面真空排放试验,获取了工质排放过程中的管路压力和温度变化规律,分析了影响工质排放速率的因素。试验结果表明:工质排放过程中管路的温度基本不变,回路初始压力、工质沿程温度以及排放口温度对于排放速率的影响较小

PQBCF:A P2P Query Algorithm Based on Betweenness Centrality Forwarding in Opportunistic Networks

社会机会网络由人携带的带有短距离通信接口的移动设备利用人的移动形成，其数据采用“存储-携带-转发”的模式进行传输，本文针对这类网络，提出了一种基于中间中心度的P2P查询算法（P2P Query based on Between-ness Centrality Forwarding ，PQBCF）。节点的中间中心度描述了节点在信息传输转发过程中的参与度和重要度，PQBCF算法通过选择具有较大中间中心度的节点来实现信息的高效转发。仿真实验表明，与目前该研究领域的SF （Spray and Fo-cus ）等主流算法相比，PQBCF算法能够有效提高查询成功率，并降低查询延时。 With the proliferation of high-end mobile devices that feature wireless interfaces ,many practical applications are enabled in opportunistic networks which comprise mobile devices .Contrary to the traditional networks ,opportunistic networks utilize the mobility of nodes to relay messages based on the store-carry-forward paradigm .We propose an efficient P2P query algorithm based on betweenness centrality forwarding (PQBCF ) for opportunistic networking ,which adopts the metric of betweenness centrali-ty from social network analysis to estimate the active degree of nodes in the networks .PQBCF leverages nodes with greater between-ness centrality as relays to increase query success rate and reduce query latency .Simulation results demonstrate that PQBCF outper-forms most state-of-the-art algorithms and achieves approximate efficiency as epidemic with much less resource consumption .With the proliferation of high-end mobile devices that feature wireless interfaces ,many practical applications are enabled in opportunistic networks which comprise mobile devices .Contrary to the traditional networks ,opportunistic networks utilize the mobility of nodes to relay messages based on the store-carry-forward paradigm .We propose an efficient P2P query algorithm based on betweenness centrality forwarding (PQBCF ) for opportunistic networking ,which adopts the metric of betweenness centrali-ty from social network analysis to estimate the active degree of nodes in the networks .PQBCF leverages nodes with greater between-ness centrality as relays to increase query success rate and reduce query latency .Simulation results demonstrate that PQBCF outper-forms most state-of-the-art algorithms and achieves approximate efficiency as epidemic with much less resource consumption