Modeling of Bcl-2 protein suppressed calcium signaling and its global dynamics analysis

钙离子(Ca~(2+))是生物体内一种生死攸关的信号分子,Bcl-2蛋白可以直接或间接调节IP_3R通道释放Ca~(2+)的能力,借此决定细胞命; 运.本文基于新近的实验成果,针对Bcl-2蛋白间接调控Ca~(2+)的信号通路建立数学模型,得到了与实验数据相符合的结果,从理论上证明了Bcl-; 2蛋白对钙信号有抑制作用.在对模型进行鲁棒性检验之后,本文对该信号通路中一些关键组分的作用进行了预测.以[IP_3]和[Bcl-2]为双分岔参数; 分析的结果表明Bcl-2对刺激强度能产生Ca~(2+)振荡的区域有重要影响.以蛋白磷酸酶1[PP1]和蛋白激酶A[PKA]为单分岔参数分析的结果; 揭示:PP1可以有效地抑制钙信号,而PKA对钙信号的促进作用有一定的局限性.模型结果表明,不同浓度组合的IP_3,Bcl-2和PKA会对钙信号发; 挥复杂的调控作用.本文不仅对相关生物学实验有一定的指导作用,而且可为治疗因钙信号失调而导致的疾病提供思路.Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a signal for both life and death in cells. Either directly or indirectly, Bcl-2 protein can regulate Ca2+ release from IP3R channel, thereby determining the cell fate. In this work, based on recent experimental results, a mathematical model is constructed to describe the signaling pathway of Ca2+ release regulated by Bcl-2 indirectly. The model output fits nicely to the experimental data. The model demonstrates that Bcl-2 can suppress Ca2+ signaling. After the robustness test of the model, the roles of some key components in the signaling pathway are predicted. Two-parameter bifurcation analyses of [IP3] and [Bcl-2] are conducted to show that Bcl-2 has a crucial role in the oscillatory region of Ca2+ signaling. Single-parameter bifurcation analyses of [PP1] and [PKA] reveal that the PP1 can inhibit Ca2+ from signaling potently, while PKA only promotes Ca2+ signaling to some extent. Our model also indicates that the different combinations of concentrations of IP3, Bcl-2 and PKA generate complex regulations on Ca2+ signaling. This work not only plays a guiding role in relevant biological experiments, but also provides some insights into the treatment of diseases caused by disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis.National Natural Science Foundation of China [11504214, 31370830,; 11675134

design and implementation of a lightweight data persistence framework

信息技术的广泛应用促使了数据库技术的快速发展,具有各种特点的异构数据库应运而生。面对种类繁多的异构数据库,信息系统开发人员面临的一个重要问题,是如何能够快速有效进行系统的持久层开发,并使系统具备在多种异构数据库之间迁移的能力。为了提高小型信息系统持久层的开发效率,降低其在异构数据库之间的迁移成本,在比较了目前比较流行的数据持久化方案的基础上,提出了一个轻量级数据持久框架LAPFA的设计方案,并进行了实现,验证了设计的有效性。国家科技重大专项核高基(2009ZX01043-003-001)|科技支撑课题(2009BAG18B00,2009BADA9B02)Since the wide application of information technology prompts the rapid development of database technology, the heterogeneous databases with various features spring up as the time demand. Faced with diversified heterogeneous databases, the developers of the information system confront with an important task, that is, how to fast and effectively exploit the persistence layer of the system and make the system be equipped with portability within so many heterogeneous databases. In order to improve the efficiency of developing the persistence layer of small-sized information system and to reduce the portability cost among the heterogeneous databases, in this paper the authors propose a design plan for lightweight data persistence framework LAPFA based on the comparison of current popular data persistence schemes and have implemented it. The effectiveness of this design is verified as well

Design Strategies toward Highly Active Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

电催化水分解反应是可以实现规模化制取氢气的一种重要绿色无污染的手段，但是其效率极大地受制于阳极析氧反应. 因此，发展廉价、高效的析氧反应催化剂是当下的研究热点. 通过分析决定析氧反应催化活性的因素，本综述总结了低成本、高效、稳定的析氧电催化剂的一些通用设计与制备策略，包括：1）通过电子结构调控、结晶度调控、相调控、缺陷位调控以及自旋态调控提升单个催化活性位点的本征催化活性；2）设计与构筑先进电极结构，以实现活性位点数量最大化，获得大电流下稳定的电极材料. 进而，选取了一些具有代表性的高效析氧催化剂作为例子来阐述这些策略的实用性. 最后，对高效、可在大电流密度下稳定工作的析氧催化剂的理性设计、可控制备和发展方向提出了展望，以期为新型高性能析氧催化剂的设计提供指导.Electrocatalytic water splitting is pivotal for efficient and economical production of hydrogen and oxygen gasses. However, the efficiency of the whole device is largely limited by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode due to its sluggish kinetics. Thus, it is imperative to develop inexpensive, highly active OER catalysts to lower the reaction barriers. By examining the underlying critical factors for OER performance, this review outlines general principles for designing efficient nanosized OER catalysts, including (1) enhancing the intrinsic activity of active site by electronic modulation, crystallinity modulation, phase control, defect engineering and spin state engineering; (2) designing appropriate micro/meso/macro structure with high electrical conductivity and mechanical stability to maximize the quantity of accessible active sites, and to promote electron transfer during OER process, as well as to achieve high durability especially at high current density. A series of highly efficient OER catalysts developed by our and other groups are then exemplified to demonstrate the guidance of these principles. At last, some perspectives are highlighted in the further development of efficient OER electrocatalysts, of which can contribute greatly to the achievement in large-scale commercialization of electrocatalytic water-splitting technology.This work was supported by the National Key Project on Basic Research (No. 2015CB932302), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21773263 and No. 91645123) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB12020100).作者联系地址：中国科学院化学研究所, 中国科学院分子纳米结构与纳米技术重点实验室，北京 100190Author's Address: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research /Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS, Beijing 100190, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]