13 research outputs found

    Designable ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphases of three alkali metal anodes

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    该研究是在毛秉伟教授和董全峰教授共同指导下,由2014级博士生谷宇、2016级博士生王卫伟、2013级博士生李艺娟等同学通力合作的成果。泉州师范学院吴启辉教授和上海应用物理研究所樊春海研究员分别在X射线光电子能谱表征和同步辐射表征中提供了大力支持。化学化工学院郑明森副教授、颜佳伟教授、吴德印教授、iChEM研究员丁松园博士在实验和理论计算方面给予了大力帮助;田中群教授和郑南峰教授等对此工作提出了宝贵意见。 金属锂是下一代高能量密度二次电池最理想的负极材料之一。在以金属锂作为负极的电池中,锂电沉积过程中枝晶的生长及溶解过程的死锂现象是制约电池库仑效率、稳定性和安全性的重要因素,而金属锂表面的微观平整性及固态电解质界面(SEI)膜的组成和结构及由其所决定的电学和力学性质对锂电沉积和溶解行为有重要影响。 课题组所发展的电化学调控方法可进一步拓展到钠、钾碱金属负极上,形成大范围原子平整的钠、钾表面和超薄超光滑的SEI膜。特别是金属钠平面电极可在2 mA cm–2(1 mAh cm–2)100% Na DOD下稳定循环550周以上且库伦效率近100%。这一基于电化学调控的碱金属表面抛光和SEI膜构筑的方法及多尺度联合表征,为解决碱金属负极问题提供了新的思路,也为开展表面科学基础研究提供高质量的碱金属表面。【Abstract】Dendrite growth of alkali metal anodes limited their lifetime for charge/discharge cycling. Here, we report near-perfect anodes of lithium, sodium, and potassium metals achieved by electrochemical polishing, which removes microscopic defects and creates ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase layers at metal surfaces for providing a homogeneous environment. Precise characterizations by AFM force probing with corroborative in-depth XPS profile analysis reveal that the ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase can be designed to have alternating inorganic-rich and organic-rich/mixed multi-layered structure, which offers mechanical property of coupled rigidity and elasticity. The polished metal anodes exhibit significantly enhanced cycling stability, specifically the lithium anodes can cycle for over 200 times at a real current density of 2 mA cm-2 with 100% depth of discharge. Our work illustrates that an ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphase may be robust enough to suppress dendrite growth and thus serve as an initial layer for further improved protection of alkali metal anodes.This work was supported by the MOST projects (2015CB251102, 2012CB932902) and the NSFC projects (U1305246, 21621091, 21473147, 21533006, 21673193). 研究工作得到科技部973计划(项目批准号:2015CB251102、2012CB932902),国家自然科学基金(项目批准号:U1305246、21621091、21473147、21533006、21673193)等项目的资助

    DNA分子计算与DNA计算机的研究进展

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    Application of Electrochemical Techniques to the Researches in Life Science

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    本文简要介绍作者近两年来采用电化学方法并结合其他现代生物、化学技术 ,在生命科学几个热点领域所开展的一些工作 ,主要包括 :蛋白质的功能转换、生物信号分子及其与蛋白质的相互作用、生物分子的电子传递、基因检测、结构生物学、生化分析与第三代生物传感器等几个方面The research work of our group in the last two years is briefly reviewed in this paper. By using electrochemical method, and combining some other chemical and biological techniques, lots of achievements have been obtained. And these researches are towards some hot topics in life science, such as function conversion, interaction between signal molecules and proteins, electron_transfer of biomolecules, gene detection, structural biology, biochemical analysis and the third generation biosensors.作者联系地址:南京大学生物化学系医药生物技术国家重点实验室,南京大学生物化学系医药生物技术国家重点实验室,南京大学生物化学系医药生物技术国家重点实验室 江苏南京210093 ,江苏南京210093 ,江苏南京210093Author's Address: Dept. of Biochem. and National Key Lab. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Univ., Nanjing 210093,Chin

    DNA纳米结构仿中国地图

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    A Multi-channel Electrochemical Immunosensing System with PolyHRP-based Signal Amplification for the Detection of Tumor Markers

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    本文构建了一种基于酶聚合体信号放大的多通道电化学免疫传感体系,并用于肝癌肿瘤标记物甲胎蛋白(AFP)的定量检测. 该传感体系由固定了抗AFP鼠单克隆抗体的多通道丝网印刷电极组成,可捕获肿瘤标记物抗原AFP,进而与抗AFP兔多抗特异性结合形成夹心免疫复合物,然后利用辣根过氧化物酶聚合体偶联的羊抗兔二抗(IgG-polyHRP)与三明治夹心免疫复合物结合,实现电流信号放大. 该体系结合多通道丝网印刷电极及自主研发的多通道电化学检测仪,可同时满足多通道电流信号的检测. 在最优化条件下,该传感体系检测AFP浓度的动态范围为64 pg·mL-1 ~ 250 ng·mL-1,最低检测下限为56 pg·mL-1,具有检测灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便以及仪器便携等优点.We have developed a multi-channel electrochemical immunosensing system for the detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP). The sensing system consisted of carbon screen-printed electrode (SPCE) arrays and polyHRP-based signal amplification probes. AFP antigens could bind to both capture antibodies immobilized on electrode arrays ant detection antibodies (anti-AFP IgG developed in rabbit). The anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to poly-horseradish peroxidase were used as a signaling probe to bind to the immuno-complex. The current signals were harvested by a home-made multi-channels electrochemical detector. AFP could be detected in the concentration ranges of 64 pg·mL-1 ~ 250 ng·mL-1. The detection limit was as low as 56 pg·mL-1. The proposed immunosensing system provided a high sensitive, specific, simple and practical method for AFP detection.国家自然科学基金项目(No. 91127037, No. 91123037, No. 21373260)资助作者联系地址:1. 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所物理生物学研究室,上海 201800;2. 徐州医学院附属徐州临床学院,江苏 徐州 221009Author's Address: 1. Division of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; 2. Xuzhou Clinical Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China通讯作者E-mail:[email protected]

    不同类型区农业资源高效利用优化模式与技术体系集成

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    该课题选择对我国农业资源高效利用与持续发展具有重要意义的生态类型区,进行以节地、节水、节肥、节粮为重点的农业资源高效利用优化模式与技术集成综合研究,提出不同类型区农业资源高效利用的优化模式与技术体系集成方案,资源综合利用效率可提高20~30%,为21世纪中国不同类型区农业资源高效利用与可持续发展提供科学依据

    1995~2011年CERN土壤环境元素含量数据集

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    土壤环境是地球环境的重要组成部分。目前土壤环境问题的关注重点在于土壤污染。我国土壤污染以无机污染为主。中国生态系统研究网络(Chinese Ecosystem Research Network,CERN)自1988年组建以来,在中国主要农田、森林、草原、荒漠、湿地生态系统中,按统一的规范,对与土壤环境状况有关的铁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钼、镉、铬、铅、镍、汞、砷、硒元素进行了长期定位监测。通过对CERN典型生态样地表层土壤环境元素监测数据进行加工处理,获得1995~2011年中国陆地生态系统土壤环境元素含量数据集。本数据集中13种土壤环境元素指标测定的相对误差平均为6.55%,重复测定的相对偏差为7.70%。同时附有完整的背景信息,保证了数据在空间和时间上的一致性。本数据集可以为全国和区域土壤环境质量评估、土壤污染风险评价以及环境土壤学研究等工作提供数据基础
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