人民币汇率的内在形成机制：基于非参数时变系数的估计方法

2005 年7 月21 日, 中国人民银行宣布人民币从长期钉住单一美元的固定汇率制度转向以市场供求为基础，以一篮子货币为参考的有管理的浮动汇率制度。本文将Frankel和Wei (2007) 和非参数时变系数模型相结合，估计一篮子货币中包括美元在内的各主要货币在决定人民币汇率时潜在的时变权重。利用时变权重中所包含的丰富信息，我们进一步分析影响美元权重的主要经济因素，发现人民币对美元的非交割远期合约（NDF）和中国对美国的贸易顺差都和美元权重呈负相关关系，而美国对中国的直接投资对美元权重的影响不显著。

Identification of Colorants in Food by Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Wavelet-based Reverse Search

使用金纳米粒子为增强因子的表面增强拉曼光谱技术,通过连续小波变换将拉曼光谱信号转化到小波空间(墨西哥帽小波作为小波基)。该步骤能够减轻信号中基线; 变化及随机噪音的影响并找到峰位置和最佳小波尺度系数。依据小波空间中的信息,对混合物光谱及标准谱光谱进行反向搜索得到反向搜索匹配系数(Revere; match quality,; RMQ),作为判断混合物中目标成分是否存在的依据。该算法可对混合物中的目标物质进行准确定性,并已成功应用于多种食品中色素鉴定。食品中色素的检出率; 达到99%,且结果稳健,其效果明显优于传统的命中质量系数法(Hit quality index,; HQI)。这证实了小波空间反向搜索方法是一种快速而准确的拉曼光谱定性算法。In this study, a gold nanocrystal colloid was used as the enhancement; factor for surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Raman spectra were; transformed by continuous wavelet transform (CWT),and Mexican hat; wavelet were chosen as the wavelet basis. This procedure could be used; to alleviate the influence of baseline variations and random noise,and; find peak positions and the best scale wavelet coefficients of signal.; Reverse search method was proposed to compare the spectrum of an unknown; sample with a spectrum of standard using the information in wavelet; space. Reverse match quality (RMQ) could be obtained automatically to; determine whether a substance is present. It was used to identify; colorants in a variety of food successfully. The colorants could be; identified with 99 percent accuracy. It shows a better performance; compared with traditional hit quality index (HQI). The study confirmed; that the wavelet-based reverse search is feasible and accurate in; qualitative analysis.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 国家重大科学仪器设备开发专

靶向HIV-1细胞受体基因CCR5的人工miRNA的构建与鉴定

趋化因子CCR5是HIV-1入侵机体细胞的主要辅助受体之一,通过抑制CCR5的表达可以在一定程度上阻断HIV-1的复制进程.miRNA介导的RNA干扰相比经典的siRNA在应用中具有更多的特点.本研究的目的是构建可特异有效靶向CCR5的人工miRNA元件.本研究以CCR5基因序列为模板设计了14个miRNA靶序列,以天然miR-30a为基础骨架通过靶序列区替换构建人工miRNA元件.通过将miRNA表达质粒与携带靶序列区的报告质粒的共转染抑制实验检测不同miRNA的抑制效率,结果显示miCCR-13A具有较好的抑制效率和特异性.进一步将miCCR-13A表达载体转染CCR5阳性的HIV-1受体细胞株TZM-b1,RT-PCR检测显示miCCR-13A可在细胞中获得有效表达,同时应用免疫流式细胞术检测显示在miCCR-13A转染细胞相比对照细胞的CCR5蛋白的检测活性明显降低.进一步的研究显示miCCR-13A在细胞中不会影响细胞活性和干扰素效应相关基因osa1和stat1 mRNA水平,具有良好的特异性.本研究获得的可特异靶向CCR5的人工miRNA元件可为进一步的抗HIV-1研究提供重要基础

Evaluation technique of the loss of coastal ecosystem services caused by sea reclamation project with three methods

在分析填海工程对海洋环境影响的基础上,结合《海洋生态资本评估技术导则》(gb/T 28058-2011)综合构建了填海工程对海洋生态系统服务功能损耗评估指标体系。分别采用价值评估法、能值分析法和物种丰度经验公式法对生态损耗进行价值评估,以福鼎市塔下新建填海工程为分析对象进行了实证评估,生态系统服务价值总损失量分别为672.0万元·年–1、809.2万元·年–1和133.3万元·年–1。通过与国内相关研究成果进行比较,分析三种评估方法的可行性和适用性,以期在实际环境影响评价工作中将工程外部成本纳入项目经济损益分析,为海岸带经济可持续发展提供技术支撑。Based on the effects of marine environment caused by sea reclamation and Technical Directives for Marine Ecological Capital Assessment(GB/T 28058-2011), the indexes of the losses of coastal ecosystem services caused by sea reclamation were built.The lost value of sea reclamation was calculated with three methods including economic evaluation, emergy analysis and biodiversity experiential formula which were applied in the new sea reclamation in Taxia Fuding Fujian Province separately, and the total ecosystem lost value was 672.0×104yuan·a–1, 809.2×104yuan·a–1, and 133.3×104yuan·a–1 correspondingly.Compared with other relevant researches, the methods are expected to apply in EIA economic evaluation in order to consider external cost and to apply in coastal economic sustainable development.海洋渔业安全环境保障服务系统关键技术研究及示范应用(201205006

Association of diabetes mellitus and dioxins exposure : a systematic review

Objective: To review in the literature on the association between diabetes and background exposure of dioxins among general population. Method: Systematic review on studies the association of background dioxin exposure and diabetes among general population, published from January 1960 to July 2013 in PubMed, and from January 1979 to July 2013 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Result: A total of nine articles (including seven cross-sectional studies, one longitudinal study and one cohort study) out of 111 articles from PubMed and 5 articles from CNKI were included in the systematic review. Five out of nine studies found a positive association between background exposure to dioxins or dioxins-like compounds and the risk of diabetes whilst two studies reported an inverse association between dioxins and insulin concentrations or IGF-I serum levels. Two studies reported positive significant relation of dioxins and diabetes in women but not in men. Discussion: Based on this systematic review, the association of background dioxins exposure and diabetes among general population remains unclear. Given the crosssection design of the studies, causal relation between dioxin exposure and diabetic risks cannot be drawn.published_or_final_versionPublic HealthMasterMaster of Public Healt

Traditional Chinese Medicine characteristic treatment and nursing of intertrigo in a bedridden elderly patient (1例老年卧床患者间擦疹的中医特色联合治疗与护理)

This paper summarized the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) characteristic treatment and nursing management of intertrigo in a bedridden elderly patient. Based on the concept of holism in TCM, the combined treatment including TCM collapse stains, articular acupoint pressing, intradermal needling, as well as TCM nursing by syndrome differentiation, were carried out to relieve the clinical symptoms of intertrigo and improve the Zhang-Fu visceral organs and meridians function of the patient. (本文总结1例老年卧床患者间擦疹的中医特色联合治疗和护理经验。通过中医整体观念, 采用中药溻渍冷敷于患处, 联合刺激耳穴反应点, 通过经络传导, 给予皮内针温和、高频的持久刺激, 扶正培元, 疏风化湿, 调整经络肺腑功能, 改善间擦疹症状。

颗粒硅带多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的研制

以工业硅粉为原料制备出颗粒硅带（SSP），对颗粒硅带表面形态进行了分析。以SSP为衬底，采用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）法生长多晶硅薄膜，并以此制作出效率为2．93％的颗粒硅带多晶硅薄膜太阳电池，这在国内属首先。并报道了对以SSP为衬底的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的初步研究结果，同时讨论了该类电源的结构、工艺特点和改进措施

A Comparative Study of the Typical Political Discourse between the Two sides of the Strait

海峡两岸政治话语的差异影响着两岸的沟通,也给别有用心的政治人物以火中取栗的可乘之机。本文举例分析个别两岸典型性政治话语,分析差异形成的环境因素和政权因素,提出两岸应在共建两岸生活共同体的过程中不断形成新的两岸政治话语系统,为两岸政治整合创造更好的条件。The difference of the cross-Strait political discourses has made an impact on the communication between the two sides,and at the same time offered opportunities for some politicians with ulterior motive to gain profit in risk.This paper makes a detailed analysis of some typical cross-Strait political discourses and their environmental and regime factors formed because of the differences.On the other hand,the writer proposes that a new system of the cross-Strait political discourse should be continuously developed in the process of co-building the life of community so as to create better conditions for the political integration between the two sides.教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“海峡两岸民间社会桥接模式和路径研究”(13JJD810011