Recent Advances on Carbon and Transition Metallic Compound Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors

超级电容器因其在电动车和便携式设备上巨大的应用潜力而受到广泛关注. 电极材料是超级电容器的关键组成部分, 决定了超级电容器性能的好坏. 近来大量研究以碳材料和过渡金属化合物作为电极材料. 然而, 碳材料电容值极小与过渡金属化合物导电性和稳定性差, 极大地限制了它们在超级电容器中的应用. 本综述重点介绍了我们课题组近年来在设计、可控制备及优化碳材料与过渡金属氧/氮化物电容性能的相关研究工作, 并讨论了材料构效关系及其调控机理. 最后对碳材料和过渡金属化合物作为电极材料的日后研究进行了展望.Supercapacitors (SCs) have stimulated intensive interests for their promising applications in electric vehicles and portable electronics, etc. Electrode material is the most important key component of SCs, which vastly determines the performance of SCs. Carbon and transition metallic compound materials have attracted considerable attention and been widely explored as electrode materials. However, the insufficient capacitance of carbon materials and unsatisfactory conductivity and cyclic stability of transition metallic compounds severely limit their implementation as robust SC electrodes. Herein, we highlight our recent efforts to boost the capacitive performance of carbon and metal oxide/nitride electrodes by rationally structural and componential design. The relationships between structures and performances,  as well as the mechanisms are discussed. Finally, we also present our personal perspectives on the further research of these electrodes.This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21403306, and 2016YFA0202604), Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A030306048), Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201610010080), Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program (2015TQ01C205) and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B090927007).This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21403306, and 2016YFA0202604), Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A030306048), Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201610010080), Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program (2015TQ01C205) and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B090927007).作者联系地址：中山大学化学学院，广东 广州，510275Author's Address: MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]; [email protected]

克拉玛依油田浅层稠油加密开发示范工程

该项目在石油地质、油藏工程、采油工艺、钻井工艺、地面建设工程、经济评价等诸多方面进行了大量深入细致的研究工作。九区齐古组属浅层稠油油藏，含油砂体变化大，原油粘度高，加密开发难度及风险大，为此，在加密开发方案研究过程中，将油藏工程和数值模拟研究工作提前介入，应用油藏工程和油藏地质研究的基本方法和室内试验研究方法，结合Earthvision、Stratlon、Ges、Therm油藏描述及数值模拟软件等先进技术手段。整个研究着眼于油藏整体，建立有代表性的数学地质模型，研究制订加密开发合理技术经济界限，优化方案设计。通过加密实施，不仅加密井生产效果良好，而且有效的抑制了老井的综合递减