Ecological studies on the Nanoflagellate in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

微型鞭毛虫是海洋微食物网的重要组成部分，其中的自养类群是海洋初级生产的重要贡献者之一，异养类群则是微微型浮游生物的主要摄食者，因此它们在海洋生态系统中的能量流动和物质循环中发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究从2006年8月至2009年4月期间搭载了6个“我国近海生态系统食物产出的关键过程及其可持续机理”项目开展的黄、东海调查航次，通过现场调查、现场培养等手段，以典型海区的营养元素更新与补充的生物地球化学过程、多尺度的物理过程和浮游植物初级生产过程等研究为背景，进行微型鞭毛虫群落结构和功能的变化及其对关键物理—化学—生物过程响应的研究。主要研究结果如下： (1)2006年10月（秋季），2007年4...Nanoflagellate (NF) dominates the protozoan community of the planktonic habit, and is an integral part of microbial food web. It plays an important role in transferring carbon and in nutrient regeneration within the marine microbial food web. For autotrophic pigmented nanoflagellate (PNF), which is frequently found to dominate phytoplankton assemblage both numerically and by biomass, often account...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：2242009015325

A preliminary study on phytoremediation of phenanthrene by a marine halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum Linn.in hydroponic cultures

采用水培法研究了海洋滩涂耐盐植物海马齿(SESuVIuM POrTu lACASTruM lInn.)对海水菲污染的修复作用.结果显示,实验4d后,不种植海马齿的对照组、种植海马齿的抑菌组和不抑菌组海水中菲浓度分别从0.988、0.942和0.957Mg·l-1降至0.553、0.185和0.070Mg·l-1,降低了44.0%、80.4%和92.7%;与对照组相比,抑菌组(T1)和不抑菌组(T2)海水中菲的去除率分别提高了36.4%和48.7%,不抑菌组又比抑菌组高12.3%.利用差减法计算的结果显示,在与自然水体接近的不抑菌条件下,菲的非生物损失、海马齿的作用和微生物的作用,三者对海水中菲浓度降低(92.7%)的贡献分别为44.0%、36.4%和12.3%,海马齿植株内菲的积累量则仅占海水中菲减少量的2.6%.研究表明,水培海马齿可明显提高菲污染海水中菲的去除率,其中,植物与微生物共同发挥着重要的作用,但植物积累不是海马齿修复海水菲污染的主要机制.Phytoremediation of phenanthrene by marine halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum Linn.was studied through a hydroponic culture approach.The results showed that,after 4 days incubation,the concentration of phenanthrene in the culture medium of the unplanted control group(CK),the planted treatment group with sterilization(T1) and without sterilization(T2) reduced from 0.988,0.942 and 0.957 mg · L-1 to 0.553,0.185 and 0.070 mg · L-1,respectively,i.e.the reduction rate was about 44.0%,80.4% and 92.7% for CK,T1 and T2 respectively.Comparing with that of CK,the increase of phenanthrene removal rate was about 36.4% and 48.7% for T1 and T2 respectively,corresponding to a 12.3% higher for T2 than T1.By subtraction method,the contribution of phenanthrene removal caused by abiotic loss and that through the agency of plant and microbes were calculated to be 44.0%,36.4% and 12.3%.It should be noted that the non-sterile group was similar to that of natural waters.However,in such cases,the accumulation of phenanthrene inside the plant only accounted for 2.6%.It was suggested that the hydroponic Sesuvium portulacastrum Linn.could significantly enhance the removal of phenanthrene in seawater,where the plant and the associated microbes might play a major role in the removal processes.Results also suggested that phytoaccumulation mechanism was not as important as expected for Sesuvium portulacastrum Linn.in the remediation of phenanthrene.国家高技术研究发展(863)计划(No.2007AA091704);厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20102004)---

Progress in the study of feeding ecology in heterotrophic marineflagellates

国家重大基础研究发展项目(G2006CB4006040

Progress in the study of the selective feeding of heterotrophic nanoflagellate

微型异养鞭毛虫(Hnf)是海洋微微型浮游生物的重要摄食者,通过摄食作用对后者的种类(或类群)组成、粒径分布、数量结构和营养价值等属性具有重要的影响,而这与Hnf的摄食选择性有直接关系。对Hnf摄食选择性的研究有助于深入了解Hnf在海洋微食物环乃至整个海洋生态系统中的作用。就国际上已开展的Hnf摄食选择性相关研究进行了回顾,分析和总结了影响Hnf选择性摄食的关键因素,如食物大小、游动性、营养价值及食物细胞表面的生化结构特征等,并重点介绍了Hnf摄食选择性形成的主要机制以及Hnf的选择性摄食在调节海洋微微型浮游生物群落结构中的作用。Heterotrophic nanoflagellate(abbr.,HNF) is the principal consumer of picoplankton in marine ecosystem.Recognizing its selective feeding impact is essential to evaluate the role of HNF in the marine microbial food web.Over the last few decades,there has been a concerted effort by many researchers to the understanding of selective grazing behaviors among HNF.This paper,(1) summarize current knowledge on factors affecting HNF selective feeding;(2) discuss mechanisms involved in HNF selective feeding;(3) review the influence of HNF selective feeding on the shape,size structure,taxonomic composition and physiological status of picoplankton communities.国家973计划项目课题(No.2011CB409804); 国家自然科学基金项目(No.40876078

Spatial and temporal distribution of heterotrophic nanoflagellates in the northern South China Sea

于2009年7月20日至8月16日(夏季),2010年1月6日至30日(冬季),2010年10月26日至11月24日(秋季)和2011年4月30日至2011年5月24日(春季)在南海北部调查了微型异养鞭毛虫的生态分布特点。结果表明:春、夏、秋、冬的微型异养鞭毛虫丰度分别为0.05x103~1.93x103,0.03x103~2.65x103,0.09x103~2.05x103和0.04x103~1.84x103 CEllS/Ml,生物量(以碳计)分别为0.56~19.50,0.04~24.11,0.96~14.80和0.29~22.26μg/l。4个季节的微型异养鞭毛虫丰度均以2~5μM粒级的为主,其所占比例超过65%,10~20μM粒级所占比例通常低于10%。在水平分布上,微型异养鞭毛虫的丰度随离岸距离的增加逐渐降低;在垂直分布上,微型异养鞭毛虫的丰度随深度的增加逐渐降低,但夏季微型异养鞭毛虫丰度的高值多出现在次表层叶绿素A极大值层(dCM层)。微型异养鞭毛虫的丰度分布受到多重因素的交互影响,并且其所受调控模式在不同季节存在差异:春季和秋季微型异养鞭毛虫主要受下行调控;夏季微型异养鞭毛虫主要受上行调控;冬季上行和下行调控对微型异养鞭毛虫的影响相近。Abundance,biomass and size structrue of heterotrophic nanoflagellates(HNF)were investigated in the northern South China Sea(NSCS)during four cruises in summer(July 20-August 16,2009),winter(January 6-30,2010),autumn(October 26-November 24,2010)and spring(April 30-May 24,2011),respectively.It was shown that the abundance and biomass of HNF in spring,summer,autumn,winter were(0.05-1.93)×103,(0.03-2.65)×103,(0.09-2.05)×103,(0.04-1.84)×103 cells/mL and 0.56-19.50,0.04-24.11,0.96-14.80,0.29-22.26μg/L,respectively.HNF in the 2-5μm size fraction dominated the HNF community,which accounted for more than 65% of total HNF abundance in the four seasons,while HNF in the 10-20μm size class constituted less than 10% of total HNF abundance.In horizontal distribution,the abundance of HNF decreased gradually with distance from the coast to the open sea.In vertical distribution,the abundance of HNF decreased gradually with the increasing water depth,however,the highest abundance of HNF was observed in DCM layer in summer.Distribution of HNF in NSCS was affected by multiple environmental factors.The seasonal patterns in regulatory regime(top-down vs bottom-up)of HNF were various:during spring and autumn HNF abundance was mainly controled by predator(top-down)factors;during summer HNF abundance was mainly controled by resources(bottom-up);during winter the dominant pattern was undefined.国家自然科学基金项目(40876078);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730846

Preliminary study on bacterivory of heterotrophic nanoflagellate upon heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria in the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass area

2006年10月在黄海冷水团海域的三个站点开展了微型异养鞭毛虫、异养细菌和蓝细菌的密度和生物量调查,进行了微型异养鞭毛虫的现场摄食实验,通过荧光标记细菌法和消化系数法获得该海区微型异养鞭毛虫对异养细菌和蓝细菌的摄食率,并估算了微型异养鞭毛虫对异养细菌和蓝细菌现存量及生产力的摄食压。结果显示,微型异养鞭毛虫、异养细菌和蓝细菌的密度分别为0.36x103--1.13x103,0.39x106--1.13x106和0.04x104--3.74x104CEllS/CM3,温跃层以上明显高于底层。微型异养鞭毛虫对异养细菌的摄食率为5.33--14.89个/(Hf.H),对蓝细菌的摄食率为0.26x102--23.10x10-2CEllS/(Hf.H),摄食率随深度而下降。微型异养鞭毛虫每天能消耗9.27%--33.08%的异养细菌现存量和8.12%--16.09%的蓝细菌现存量。同时,微型异养鞭毛虫对异养细菌和蓝细菌的日摄食量各占它们生产力的2.66%--13.10%和8.12%--16.09%。研究表明微型异养鞭毛虫的摄食可能不是秋季黄海冷水团海域浮游细菌及其生产力的主归宿。Predation on bacteria and cyanobacteria(Synechococcus spp.) by heterotrophic nanoflagellate(HNF) were measured at three stations in the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass(HSCWM) area in October,2006.It was shown that the densities of HNF,bacteria and cyanobacteria were 0.36×103--1.13×103,0.39×106--1.13×106 and 0.04×104--3.74×104 cells/cm3 respectively.Ingestion rate of heterotrophic bacteria,estimated on the basis of uptake of fluorescently labeled bacteria,varied from 5.33--14.89(cell/HF·h).The grazing rate on cyanobacteria was calculated from 0.26×10-2 to 23.10×10-2 cells/(HF·h).HNF removed only 9.27%--33.08% of bacterial biomass and 2.66%--13.1% of bacterial production,while the consumption upon cyanobacteria was 8.12%--16.09% of the biomass and 8.12%--16.09% of the production,indicating that the consumption by HNF was unlikely responsible for the main fate of these two planktonic bacteria and their production in the HSCWM in autumn.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB400604);国家自然科学基金项目(40876078);福建省高校新世纪优秀人才资助计划项目(2006

Community Structure Characteristics of Phytoplankton in Drainage Area of Mulan River,Fujian Province

于2012年5~6月,对福建省木兰溪流域11个断面的浮游植物群落结构进行了调查研究。研究结果显示,在木兰溪流域,共鉴定到浮游植物6门51属68种。绿藻在种类组成和数量上占绝对优势,有25属36种,占浮游植物总数的41.57%;其次是硅藻,有16属21种,占总数的29.70%;蓝藻有5属6种,占总数的26.96%;其他藻类占1.77%。木兰溪流域内,浮游植物的平均密度为22.28x106个/l;其中,浮游植物的最高密度(49.67x106个/l)出现在下游木兰陂段,最低密度(6.31x106个/l)出现在上游支流金溪段。水体溶解氧和氨氮含量是影响木兰溪浮游植物群落结构的主要因素。木兰溪浮游植物的SHAnnOn-WIEnEr多样性指数为1.7~2.87,SIMPSOn多样性指数为0.73~0.92,MArgAlEf丰富度指数为0.72~2.27,PIElOu均匀度指数为0.65~0.86。木兰溪流域下游木兰陂段水体处于中—富营养化污染状态;上游支流苦溪和柴桥头溪水体处于中营养化污染状态;流域的其他水体处于贫—中营养化污染状态。Phytoplankton species composition,numerical abundance and spatial distribution were studied in relation to environmental factors from May to June,2012,in the drainage area of Mulan River,Fujian Province.A total of 68 species,belonging to 51 genera in 6 phyla were recorded,among which Chlorophyta (36 species of 25 genera) was the most dominant group,accounting for 41.57% of the abundance,with Bacillariophyta (21 species of 16 genera) in the second,accounting for 29.70%,then followed by Cyanophyta (6 species of 5 genera),accounting for 26.96%.The abundance of phytoplankton in the investigated area ranged from 6.31×10 6 individual/L to 49.68×10 6 individual/L with a mean value of 22.28×10 6 individual/L.There was a great spatial variation in phytoplankton cell density.The highest abundance was appeared in the Mulan reservoir,while lowest in the Gold creek.Principal component analysis indicated that dissolved oxygen and NH 4 + —N concentration were the main environmental factors influencing the distribution of phytoplankton in the Mulan River.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson diversity index,Margalef abundance index and Pielou evenness index of phytoplankton communities in the 11 sections varied from 1.70-2.87,0.73-0.92,0.72-2.27 and 0.65-0.86,respectively.Based on biodiversity indices and community structure of phytoplankton,the water in Mulan River could be classified as oligo-mesotrophic status,mesotrophic status and meso-eutrophics status with spatial patterns.浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50039); 浙江省科技计划项目(2009C33064); 杭州师范大学启动经费项目(2011QDL63)资

Marine Heterotrophic Nanoflagellate Study in China:Present Status and Prospects

微型异养鞭毛虫作为海洋微食物环的关键环节之一,在海洋生态系统的物质循环、能量流动和营养盐再生等方面扮演极其重要的角色,是当代海洋微食物环研究的重要对象.本文就我国海洋微型异养鞭毛虫研究的现状进行了分析和评述,并结合国际上该领域的研究热点和趋势对今后我国海洋微型异养鞭毛虫研究的主要发展方向进行展望.Marine heterotrophic nanoflagellate(HNF),as a key link in microbial loop,plays an important role in the material cycle,energy flow and nutrient remineralization of marine ecosystems.In this paper,we introduce some hot spots of international HNF research and point out the present status and the prospect of this study in China.国家重大基础研究发展项目(2006CB400604

中国百家孵化器调查报告(二)

国家火炬计划支