Taxonomy Study on Subtribe Abutilinae (Malvaceae) in Taiwan

本研究利用新鮮或乾燥材料之外部形態並配合微形態特徵及地理分布等資料，針對臺灣錦葵科莔麻亞族 (Abutilinae) 植物進行分類研究。研究結果發現在營養器官方面以莖 (枝) 顏色及被毛種類，可做為初步的鑑定；而葉大小及葉形會有所變異，無法有效作為穩定的分類依據；在繁殖器官方面以萼片形態、柱頭顏色、雄蕊筒被毛、果實形狀及分果片 (mericarps) 數量等外觀形態特徵可有效的區分出本亞族植物。本研究結果處理2屬8種，分別為大葉莔麻 (A. grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet)、幾內冬葵子 (A. guineense (Schumach.) Baker f. & Exell)、疏花莔麻 (A. hulseanum (Torr. & A. Gray) Torr. ex A. Gray)、冬葵子 (A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. indicum)、白毛冬葵子 (A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. albescens (Miq.) Borss)、風鈴花 (A. striatum Dicks. ex Lindl.)、莔麻 (A. theophrasti Medik.) 及泡果莔 (Herissantia crispa (L.) Brizicky)。本研究觀察到泡果莔 (H. crispa (L.) Brizicky) 的生長習性、微形態特徵、花及果的外觀與莔麻屬植物有所差異，因此支持泡果莔 (H. crispa (L.) Brizicky) 處理至泡果莔屬 (Herissantia Medik.) 中；支持幾內冬葵子 (A. guineense (Schumach.) Baker f. & Exell) 由變種提升至種的階層；白毛冬葵子 (A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. albescens (Miq.) Borss) 為臺灣新紀錄植物；疏花莔麻 (A. hulseanum (Torr. & A. Gray) Torr. ex A. Gray) 為臺灣新歸化植物；風鈴花 (A. striatum Dicks. ex Lindl.) 引進栽植臺灣多時，已於部分山區看到族群有逸出現象 ，但未見植株結果，未來是否有歸化情形，有待日後之觀察。另將毛莔 (A. hirtum (Lam.) Sweet) 及Abutilon sp.暫處理為疑問種。文中提供各分類群之特徵描述、地理分布圖、彩色照片及檢索表。The taxonomy of Abutilinae grown in Taiwan was carried out mainly based on the classification, micromorphology, numerical taxonomy and geographic distribution studies. The morphology of vegetative organs, including stem (branch) color and trichomes are good value classification of Abutilinae. The shape and size of leaf can not be distinguished between the subgenus taxa. The shap and size calyx, stigma color, staminal tube trichomes, fruit-shape and the number of mericarp could be use to distinguish subtribe taxa. According to the study, Abutilinae in Taiwan was treated into 8 taxa, include 1 newly naturalized species and 1 newly recorded one. The taxa are listed below: A. grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet, A. guineense (Schumach.) Baker f. & Exell, A. thulseanum (Torr. & A. Gray) Torr. ex A. Gray, A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. indicum, A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. albescens (Miq.) Borss, A. striatum Dicks. ex Lindl., A. theophrasti Medik., Herissantia crispa (L.) Brizicky. The habit flowers and fruits worphology and microworphology of H. crispa (L.) Brizicky were different to Abutilon. Thus, we coufirmed this species belongs to a separated genus Herissantia Medik. Basides A. guineense (Schumach.) Baker f. & Exell was transferred into the species leavel from variety. A. indicum (L.) Sweet subsp. albescens (Miq.) Borss is a newly record plant to Taiwan. A. hulseanum (Torr. & A. Gray) Torr. ex A. Gray A. striatum Dicks. ex Lindl. is a newly naturalized plant to Taiwan. Descriptions, distribution maps, photos and keys were provided in this article. These are the reference for the systematic to Abutilinae in Taiwan.壹、前言 1 貳、前人研究 3 一、研究材料 5 二、研究方法 8 肆、結果與討論 10 一、形態特徵 16 二、地理分布 79 三、分類處理 86 伍、結論 122 陸、參考文獻 124 柒、附錄 16